| 1. |
- Tillfors, Maria, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Prospective links between social anxiety and adolescent peer relations
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Adolescence. - : Academic Press. - 0140-1971 .- 1095-9254. ; 35:5, s. 1255-1263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines bi-directional links between social anxiety and multiple aspects of peer relations (peer acceptance, peer victimization, and relationship quality) in a longitudinal sample of 1528 adolescents assessed twice with one year between (754 females and 774 males; M = 14.7 years of age). Lower levels of peer acceptance predicted increases in social anxiety. Social anxiety predicted decreases in relationship support for males and increases in peer victimization for females. Collectively our findings suggest that peers seem to play a significant role for adolescent mental health and social anxiety seems to interfere with healthy peer relations. Importantly, developmental pathways for social anxiety seem to differ for adolescent females and males.
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| 2. |
- Frisén, Ann, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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What actually makes bullying stop? Reports from former victims
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Adolescence. - : Wiley. - 0140-1971 .- 1095-9254. ; 35:4, s. 981-990
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- School bullying is a serious, worldwide problem which is not easily counteracted. The present study focuses on the perspective of former victims, asking them what it was that made the bullying stop in their case. Participants were 273 18-year-old former victims in Sweden, a country in which schools are doing extensive work against bullying and the bullying prevalence is relatively low. Results showed that although support from school personnel was the most common reason that the former victims gave to why the bullying had ended, it was only mentioned by a fourth of them. In fact, it was almost equally as common that the bullying had ended in that the victims transitioned to a new school level or changed their way of coping with the bullying. Very few of the adolescents reported that the bullying had stopped due to support from peers. (C) 2012 The Foundation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Fu, Michael, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Functional autoimmune epitope on alpha 1-adrenergic receptors in patients with malignant hypertension.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Lancet. - 0140-6736. ; 344:8938, s. 1660-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Because of the growing evidence that hypertensive disease is accompanied by immunological dysfunction, we have investigated autoimmunity in patients with malignant hypertension. Peptides corresponding to the sequence of the second extracellular loops of the human alpha 1-adrenergic receptor and the M2-muscarinic receptor were used as antigens in an ELISA. Serum from 4 (12%) of 33 healthy controls, 3 (20%) of 15 patients with malignant essential hypertension, and 7 (64%) of 11 with secondary hypertension showed positive responses in the ELISA for the alpha 1-adrenergic receptor peptide. Positive responses were significantly more common among the patients with secondary hypertension than in the other two groups (p < 0.01). By contrast, no autoantibodies against the M2-muscarinic receptor peptide were detected in either hypertensive group. Autoantibodies against the alpha 1-adrenergic receptor, affinity-purified from patients with positive responses, specifically recognised bands with molecular masses of 68, 40, and 37 kDa on immunoblotted membrane proteins of rat ventricles. The patients' autoantibodies caused a decrease in tritiated prazosin binding sites and an increase in heart beating frequency of neonatal cultured rat cardiomyocytes; antibodies purified from the controls had no effect. Circulating autoantibodies against the alpha 1-adrenergic receptor are present in a subgroup of patients with malignant hypertension. These autoantibodies have pharmacological activity in vitro, which suggests that they may be involved in the pathogenesis of malignant hypertension.
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| 4. |
- Alem, Yonas, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling household cooking fuel choice: A panel multinomial logit approach
- 2016
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Ingår i: Energy Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0140-9883. ; 59, s. 129-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We use three rounds of a rich panel data set to investigate the determinants of household cooking fuel choice and energy transition in urban Ethiopia. We observe that the expected energy transition did not occur following economic growth in Ethiopia during the decade 2000–2009. Regression results from a random effects multinomial logit model, which controls for unobserved household heterogeneity, show that households' economic status, price of alternative energy sources, and education are important determinants of fuel choice in urban Ethiopia. The results also suggest the use of multiple fuels, or ‘fuel stacking behavior’. We argue that policy makers could target these policy levers to encourage transition to cleaner energy sources. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.
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| 5. |
- Blonde, Lawrence, et al.
(författare)
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Once-weekly dulaglutide versus bedtime insulin glargine, both in combination with prandial insulin lispro, in patients with type 2 diabetes (AWARD-4) : a randomised, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority study
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - New York, USA : Elsevier. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 385:9982, s. 2057-2066
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: For patients with type 2 diabetes who do not achieve target glycaemic control with conventional insulin treatment, advancing to a basal-bolus insulin regimen is often recommended. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist dulaglutide with that of insulin glargine, both combined with prandial insulin lispro, in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods: We did this 52 week, randomised, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority trial at 105 study sites in 15 countries. Patients (aged ≥18 years) with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with conventional insulin treatment were randomly assigned (1:1:1), via a computer-generated randomisation sequence with an interactive voice-response system, to receive once-weekly dulaglutide 1·5 mg, dulaglutide 0·75 mg, or daily bedtime glargine. Randomisation was stratified by country and metformin use. Participants and study investigators were not masked to treatment allocation, but were unaware of dulaglutide dose assignment. The primary outcome was a change in glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) from baseline to week 26, with a 0·4% non-inferiority margin. Analysis was by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01191268.Findings: Between Dec 9, 2010, and Sept 21, 2012, we randomly assigned 884 patients to receive dulaglutide 1·5 mg (n=295), dulaglutide 0·75 mg (n=293), or glargine (n=296). At 26 weeks, the adjusted mean change in HbA1c was greater in patients receiving dulaglutide 1·5 mg (-1·64% [95% CI -1·78 to -1·50], -17·93 mmol/mol [-19·44 to -16·42]) and dulaglutide 0·75 mg (-1·59% [-1·73 to -1·45], -17·38 mmol/mol [-18·89 to -15·87]) than in those receiving glargine (-1·41% [-1·55 to -1·27], -15·41 mmol/mol [-16·92 to -13·90]). The adjusted mean difference versus glargine was -0·22% (95% CI -0·38 to -0·07, -2·40 mmol/mol [-4·15 to -0·77]; p=0·005) for dulaglutide 1·5 mg and -0·17% (-0·33 to -0·02, -1·86 mmol/mol [-3·61 to -0·22]; p=0·015) for dulaglutide 0·75 mg. Five (<1%) patients died after randomisation because of septicaemia (n=1 in the dulaglutide 1·5 mg group); pneumonia (n=1 in the dulaglutide 0·75 mg group); cardiogenic shock; ventricular fibrillation; and an unknown cause (n=3 in the glargine group). We recorded serious adverse events in 27 (9%) patients in the dulaglutide 1·5 mg group, 44 (15%) patients in the dulaglutide 0·75 mg group, and 54 (18%) patients in the glargine group. The most frequent adverse events, arising more often with dulaglutide than glargine, were nausea, diarrhoea, and vomiting.Iinterpretation: Dulaglutide in combination with lispro resulted in a significantly greater improvement in glycaemic control than did glargine and represents a new treatment option for patients unable to achieve glycaemic targets with conventional insulin treatment.FUNDING: Eli Lilly and Company.
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| 6. |
- Carlsson, Johanna, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Life on hold: Staying in identity diffusion in the late twenties
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Adolescence. - : Wiley. - 0140-1971 .- 1095-9254. ; 47, s. 220-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study adds to the understanding of the dark side of identity development by investigating what it means to experience long-term identity diffusion during the late twenties. In a study of change and stability in identity status between ages 25 and 29 (N ¼ 124; 63 women), seven participants were assigned to identity diffusion at both ages. Longitudinal analysis of interviews with these participants showed that long-term experiences of identity diffusion may be described through individuals' approach to changing life conditions, the extent to which they engage in meaning making, and how they develop their personal life direction. In questionnaires, participants reported few signs of psychological distress. Even so, qualitative analyses showed a general trend among participants to keep life on hold through decreased activity or increased haphazard activity in relation to changing life conditions, to make little new meaning, and in some cases to dissolve their personal life direction.
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| 7. |
- Gebreegziabher, Zenebe, et al.
(författare)
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Urban energy transition and technology adoption: The case of Tigrai, northern Ethiopia
- 2012
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Ingår i: Energy Economics. - 0140-9883. ; 34:2, s. 410-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dependency of urban Ethiopian households on rural areas for about 85% of their fuel needs is a significant cause of deforestation and forest degradation, resulting in growing fuel scarcity and higher firewood prices. One response to reducing the pressure on rural lands is for urban households to switch fuel sources, for example, from wood fuel to electricity, to slow deforestation and forest degradation and reduce indoor air pollution. However, such an energytransition is conditioned on the adoption of appropriate cooking appliances or stove technologies by the majority of users. This paper investigates urbanenergytransition and technology adoption conditions using a dataset of 350 urban households in Tigrai, in northernEthiopia. Results suggest that the transition to electricity is affected by households adopting the electric mitad cooking appliance, which in turn is influenced by the level of education and income, among other things.
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| 8. |
- Ghezzi, Pietro, et al.
(författare)
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Erythropoietin: not just about erythropoiesis
- 2010
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Ingår i: LANCET. - 0140-6736. ; 375:9732, s. 2142-2142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Referred to by Department of Error, The Lancet, Volume 376, Issue 9739, 7–13 August 2010, Page 418
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Hassen, S., et al.
(författare)
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Does purchase price matter for the waiting time to start using energy efficient technologies: Experimental evidence from rural Ethiopia?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Energy Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0140-9883. ; 68, s. 133-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study we conducted a randomized experiment in rural Ethiopia to test on how quickly energy efficient technology (an improved stove) is put in use after the technologies is disseminated. We evaluate two concepts that may affect usage of a product: screening (related to valuation of a product) and sunk cost effects (based on the price the potential user paid for the product). A standard Tobit and IV-Tobit methods of estimations are used for testing sunk cost and screening effects, respectively. Results based on the baseline survey and follow up data shows that there is no difference in the length of waiting time to start using the energy efficient technology between those who got the stove for free and those that paid money for it; in other words, the sunk cost effect is absent. However, we find a difference in the waiting time between those with high valuation for the stove and those with lower valuation for it; in other words, we find an evidence of the screening effect. The result has pricing policy implications for government and non-government organizations involved in dissemination of such technologies that have both public (environmental) and private benefits. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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