| 1. |
- Barkefors, Irmeli, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of fluid shear stress on endocytosis of heparan sulfate and low-density lipoproteins
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1110-7243 .- 1110-7251. ; 2007
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hemodynamic stress is a critical factor in the onset of atherosclerosis such that reduced rates of shear stress occurring at regions of high curvature are more prone to disease. The level of shear stress has direct influence on the thickness and integrity of the glycocalyx layer. Here we show that heparan sulfate, the main component of the glycocalyx layer, forms an intact layer only on cell surfaces subjected to shear, and not under static conditions. Furthermore, receptor-mediated endocytosis of heparan sulfate and low-density liporoteins is not detectable in cells exposed to shear stress. The internalized heparan sulfate and low-density lipoproteins are colocalized as shown by confocal imaging.
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| 2. |
- Branco, V, et al.
(författare)
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Biomarkers of adverse response to mercury: histopathology versus thioredoxin reductase activity
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1110-7251 .- 1110-7243. ; 2012, s. 359879-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exposure to mercury is normally assessed by measuring its accumulation in hair, blood or urine. Currently, the biomarkers of effect that have been proposed for mercurials, such as coproporphyrines or oxidative stress markers, are not sensitive enough and lack specificity. Selenium and selenoproteins are important targets for mercury and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) in particular was shown to be very sensitive to mercury compounds bothin vitroandin vivo. In this study we looked into the relation between the inhibition of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity and histopathological changes caused by exposure to mercurials. Juvenile zeabra-seabreams were exposed to Hg2+or MeHg for 28 days and histopathological changes were analyzed in the liver and kidney as well as TrxR activity. Both mercurials caused histopathological changes in liver and kidney, albeit Hg2+caused more extensive and severe lesions. Likewise, both mercurials decreased TrxR activity, being Hg2+a stronger inhibitor. Co-exposure to Hg2+and Se fully prevented TrxR inhibition in the liver and reduced the severity of lesions in the organ. These results show that upon exposure to mercurials, histopathological alterations correlate with the level of TrxR activity and point to the potential use of this enzyme as a biomarker of mercury toxicity.
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| 3. |
- Canesi, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of fruit and vegetable low molecular mass fractions on gene expression in gingival cells challenged with Prevotella intermedia and Actinomyces naeslundii.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1110-7251 .- 1110-7243. ; 2011
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low molecular mass (LMM) fractions obtained from extracts of raspberry, red chicory, and Shiitake mushrooms have been shown to be an useful source of specific antibacterial, antiadhesion/coaggregation, and antibiofilm agent(s) that might be used for protection towards caries and gingivitis. In this paper, the effects of such LMM fractions on human gingival KB cells exposed to the periodontal pathogens Prevotella intermedia and Actinomyces naeslundii were evaluated. Expression of cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and β4 integrin (β4INT) genes, that are involved in cell proliferation/differentiation and adhesion, and of the antimicrobial peptide β2 defensin (HβD2) in KB cells was increased upon exposure to either live or heat-killed bacteria. All LMM fractions tested prevented or reduced the induction of gene expression by P. intermedia and A. naeslundii depending on the experimental conditions. Overall, the results suggested that LMM fractions could modulate the effects of bacteria associated with periodontal disease in gingival cells.
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| 4. |
- Cappadona, Salvatore, et al.
(författare)
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Improved label-free LC-MS analysis by wavelet-based noise rejection
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1110-7251 .- 1110-7243. ; 2010
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Label-free LC-MS analysis allows determining the differential expression level of proteins in multiple samples, without the use of stable isotopes. This technique is based on the direct comparison of multiple runs, obtained by continuous detection in MS mode. Only differentially expressed peptides are selected for further fragmentation, thus avoiding the bias toward abundant peptides typical of data-dependent tandem MS. The computational framework includes detection, alignment, normalization and matching of peaks across multiple sets, and several software packages are available to address these processing steps. Yet, more care should be taken to improve the quality of the LC-MS maps entering the pipeline, as this parameter severely affects the results of all downstream analyses. In this paper we show how the inclusion of a preprocessing step of background subtraction in a common laboratory pipeline can lead to an enhanced inclusion list of peptides selected for fragmentation and consequently to better protein identification.
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| 5. |
- Centlow, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Differential proteome analysis of the preeclamptic placenta using optimized protein extraction.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1110-7251 .- 1110-7243. ; 2010:Sep 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The human placenta is a difficult tissue to work with using proteomic technology since it contains large amounts of lipids and glycogen. Both lipids and glycogen are known to interfere with the first step in the two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE), the isoelectric focusing. In order to gain the best possible protein separation on 2D-PAGE, an optimized sample preparation protocol for placental proteins was developed. Two different buffers, urea/CHAPS and Hepes, were used for solubilization in combination with six different precipitation methods. The removal of glycogen from the samples by centrifugation was crucial for the final proteome maps. Solubilization with urea/CHAPS in combination with dichloromethane/methanol or acidified acetone proved to be the best precipitation procedures. When applied to clinical placenta samples apolipoprotein A1 was found to be accumulated in the preeclamptic placenta, where it may either have a nutritional effect or act as a modifier of signal transduction.
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| 6. |
- Chase, P. Bryant, et al.
(författare)
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Bionanotechnology and Nanomedicine
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1110-7243 .- 1110-7251. ; 2012, s. Article ID 763967-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Ciric, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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In vitro assessment of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) extract for its antigingivitis activity.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1110-7251 .- 1110-7243. ; 2011
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gingivitis is a preventable disease characterised by inflammation of the gums due to the buildup of a microbial biofilm at the gingival margin. It is implicated as a precursor to periodontitis, a much more serious problem which includes associated bone loss. Unfortunately, due to poor oral hygiene among the general population, gingivitis is prevalent and results in high treatment costs. Consequently, the option of treating gingivitis using functional foods, which promote oral health, is an attractive one. Medicinal mushrooms, including shiitake, have long been known for their immune system boosting as well as antimicrobial effects; however, they have not been employed in the treatment of oral disease. In the current study, the effectiveness of shiitake mushroom extract was compared to that of the active component in the leading gingivitis mouthwash, containing chlorhexidine, in an artificial mouth model (constant depth film fermenter). The total bacterial numbers as well as numbers of eight key taxa in the oral community were investigated over time using multiplex qPCR. The results indicated that shiitake mushroom extract lowered the numbers of some pathogenic taxa without affecting the taxa associated with health, unlike chlorhexidine which has a limited effect on all taxa.
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| 8. |
- Daglia, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Plant and fungal food components with potential activity on the development of microbial oral diseases.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1110-7251 .- 1110-7243. ; 2011
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports the content in macronutrients, free sugars, polyphenols, and inorganic ions, known to exert any positive or negative action on microbial oral disease such as caries and gingivitis, of seven food/beverages (red chicory, mushroom, raspberry, green and black tea, cranberry juice, dark beer). Tea leaves resulted the richest material in all the detected ions, anyway tea beverages resulted the richest just in fluoride. The highest content in zinc was in chicory, raspberry and mushroom. Raspberry is the richest food in strontium and boron, beer in selenium, raspberry and mushroom in copper. Beer, cranberry juice and, especially green and black tea are very rich in polyphenols, confirming these beverages as important sources of such healthy substances. The fractionation, carried out on the basis of the molecular mass (MM), of the water soluble components occurring in raspberry, chicory, and mushroom extracts (which in microbiological assays revealed the highest potential action against oral pathogens), showed that both the high and low MM fractions are active, with the low MM fractions displaying the highest potential action for all the fractionated extracts. Our findings show that more compounds that can play a different active role occur in these foods.
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| 9. |
- Fei, Xiaowen, et al.
(författare)
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A novel negative Fe-deficiency-responsive element and a TGGCA-type-like FeRE control the expression of FTR1 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1110-7243 .- 1110-7251. ; 2010, s. 790247-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have reported three Fe-deficiency-responsive elements (FEREs), FOX1, ATX1, and FEA1, all of which are positive regulatory elements in response to iron deficiency in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Here we describe FTR1, another iron regulated gene and mutational analysis of its promoter. Our results reveal that the FeREs of FTR1 distinguish itself from other iron response elements by containing both negative and positive regulatory regions. In FTR1, the -291/-236 region from the transcriptional start site is necessary and sufficient for Fe-deficiency-inducible expression. This region contains two positive FeREs with a TGGCA-like core sequence: the FtrFeRE1 (ATGCAGGCT) at -287/-279 and the FtrFeRE2 (AAGCGATTGCCAGAGCGC) at -253/-236. Furthermore, we identified a novel FERE, FtrFeRE3 (AGTAACTGTTAAGCC) localized at -319/-292, which negatively influences the expression of FTR1.
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| 10. |
- Flodgren, Gerd, et al.
(författare)
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Combining microdialysis and near infrared spectroscopy for studying effects of low-load repetitive work on the intramuscular chemistry in trapezius myalgia
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1110-7243 .- 1110-7251. ; 2010
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epidemiological research provides strong evidence for a link between repetitive work (RW) and the development of chronic trapezius myalgia (TM). The aims were to further elucidate if an accumulation of sensitising substances or impaired oxygenation is evident in painful muscles during RW. Females with TM (n=14) were studied during rest, 30 min RW and 60 min recovery. Microdialysate samples were obtained to determine changes in [glutamate], [PGE2], [lactate], and [pyruvate] relative to work. Muscle oxygenation (%StO2) was assessed using near-infrared spectroscopy. During work all investigated substances, except PGE2, increased significantly: [glutamate] (54%, P<0.0001), [lactate] (26%, P<0.005), [pyruvate] (19%, P<0.0001), while the %StO2 decreased (P<0.05). During recovery [PGE2] decreased (P<0.005), [lactate] remained increased (P<0.001), [pyruvate] increased progressively (P<0.0001), and %StO2 had returned to baseline. Changes in substance concentrations and oxygenation in response to work indicate normal increase in metabolism but no ongoing inflammation in subjects withTM.
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