| 1. |
- Antonson, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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The clinical consequence of using less than four sensory perception examination methods in the Swedish surveillance system for Hand-Arm vibration syndrome
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Health. - : Wiley. - 1348-9585 .- 1341-9145. ; 64:1, s. 12343-12343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The Swedish surveillance system aiming to reveal undetected Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS) in workers exposed for vibrations is regulated by the provision AFS 2019:3. The goal for the surveillance system is to diagnose HAVS, as well as to find workers at risk for developing HAVS due to other conditions. The national guidelines stipulate examination using at least two out of four hand sensory examination methods (SEM); monofilament (touch), two-point discrimination (discriminative), tuning fork (vibrotactile), and Rolltemp (thermotactile). The aim of this study was to examine the clinical consequence of using less than four of these SEMs. METHODS: We collected data on SEMs from the medical records of all individuals that went through the specific surveillance medical check-up in a large occupational health service for 1 year. We then calculated the number of workers found with HAVS when using one, two, or three SEMs, and compared with the result from using all available SEMs. RESULTS: Out of 677 examined individuals, 199 had positive findings in at least one SEM. The detection rate for these findings was on average 47% when using one SEM, 71% using two SEMs, and 88% using three SEMs (out of 100% detection when all four SEMs were used). CONCLUSIONS: If fewer than four sensory examination methods are used for surveillance of HAVS, many workers with incipient injuries may stay undetected. This may lead to further exposure resulting in aggravation of injury.
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| 2. |
- Meguro, Keiko, et al.
(författare)
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Associations of work-related stress and total sleep time with cholesterol levels in an occupational cohort of Japanese office workers
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Health. - : Wiley. - 1348-9585 .- 1341-9145. ; 63:1, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the associations of total sleep time (TST) and occupational stress based on the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) with cholesterol levels in an occupational cohort of Japanese office workers. METHODS: The present study is a secondary analysis of a subset of participants from a randomized controlled trial. Participants were 179 employees from 5 companies in Tokyo who participated as the intervention group in a 3-month lifestyle intervention study among office workers with metabolic syndrome or at risk of metabolic syndrome. All intervention-group participants used a mobile app and a wearable device. The final population for analysis in the present study were 173 participants. Cholesterol measures were derived from participants' annual health check-up data in the fiscal year preceding their inclusion in the study. Multiple linear regression models were used to determine the association between exposures and outcome. RESULTS: Overall, stress levels were significantly and inversely associated with LDL-C (-7.12 mg/dl; 95% CI: -11.78, -2.45) and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (-0.16 mg/dl; 95% CI: -0.27, -0.04) per standard deviation increase. Compared to average TST 5.9-7.2 hours, average TST of 4.0-5.3 hours (-4.82 mg/dl; 95% CI: -9.22, -0.43) was inversely associated with HDL-C. CONCLUSION: Incremental increases of stress were significantly and inversely associated with LDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio. The shortest average TST was inversely associated with HDL-C. The results should be interpreted with care given certain methodological limitations.
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| 3. |
- Albrecht, Sophie Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Association of work-time control with sickness absence due to musculoskeletal and mental disorders : An occupational cohort study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Health. - : Wiley. - 1341-9145 .- 1348-9585. ; 62:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Work-time control is associated with lower sickness absence rates, but it remains unclear whether this association differs by type of diagnosis and sub-dimension of work-time control (control over daily hours and control over time off) and whether certain vulnerable groups benefit more from higher levels of work-time control.Methods: Survey data from the Finnish 10-town study in 2004 were used to examine if baseline levels of work-time control were associated with register data on diagnose-specific sickness absence for 7 consecutive years (n = 22 599). Cox proportional hazard models were conducted, adjusted for age, sex, education, occupational status, shift work including nights, and physical/mental workload.Results: During follow-up, 2,818 individuals were on sick leave (>= 10 days) due to musculoskeletal disorders and 1724 due to mental disorders. Employees with high (HR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.74-0.87; HR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.70-0.82, respectively) and moderate (HR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.77-0.90; HR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.79-0.91, respectively) levels of control over daily hours/control over time off had a decreased risk of sickness absence due to musculoskeletal disorders. Sub-group analyses revealed that especially workers who were older benefitted the most from higher levels of work-time control. Neither sub-dimension of work-time control was related to sickness absence due to mental disorders.Conclusions: Over a 7-year period of follow-up, high and moderate levels of work-time control were related to lower rates of sickness absence due to musculoskeletal disorders, but not due to mental disorders.
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| 4. |
- Gustafsson, Klas, et al.
(författare)
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Presenteeism as a predictor of disability pension : A prospective study among nursing professionals and care assistants in Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Health. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1341-9145 .- 1348-9585. ; 61:6, s. 453-463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to examine how presenteeism affects the risk of future disability pension among nursing professionals and care assistants (assistant nurses, hospital ward assistants, home-based personal care workers, and child care assistants). A specific objective was to compare health and social care employees with all other occupations.METHODS: The study was based on a representative sample of working women and men (n = 43 682) aged 16-64 years, who had been interviewed between 2001 and 2013 for the Swedish Work Environment Survey conducted every second year since 1989. Information on disability pension was obtained from the Social Insurance Agency's database (2002-2014). The studied predictors were related to disability pension using Cox's proportional hazard regression with hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) and selected confounders were controlled for. The follow-up period was 6.7 years (SD 4.2).RESULTS: Health and social care employees with frequent presenteeism showed a particularly elevated risk of future disability pension after adjusting for sex, sociodemographic variables, physical and psychosocial working conditions, and self-rated health symptoms. In the amalgamated occupational group of nursing professionals and care assistants, the impact on disability pension of having engaged in presenteeism four times or more during the prior year remained significant (HR = 3.72, 95% CI = 2.43-5.68).CONCLUSIONS: The study suggests that frequent presenteeism contributes to an increased risk of disability pension among nursing professionals and care assistants as well as among all other occupations.
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| 5. |
- Leineweber, Constanze, et al.
(författare)
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The mediating effect of exhaustion in the relationship between effort-reward imbalance and turnover intentions : A 4-year longitudinal study from Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Health. - : Wiley. - 1341-9145 .- 1348-9585. ; 63:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Earlier studies suggest that imbalance between effort and reward at work associates with exhaustion. Others have found that exhaustion increases turnover intentions; an important precursor of actual turnover that also associates with counterproductive work behaviors. Few, however, have studied the associations between effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and employees’ intentions to leave their current employment, and whether exhaustion is underpinning that relationship. Here, we investigate the mediating role of exhaustion in the effort-reward imbalance – turnover intentions relationship.Methods: Data from three waves covering a time span of four years from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH) were analysed using structural equation modeling. Cross-lagged mediation analyses were conducted to estimate if associations from ERI to subsequent turnover intentions were mediated by exhaustion. Other causal directions (direct and reversed direct effects, reversed mediation) were also examined.Results: A direct path from ERI T1 to turnover intentions T2 was found, but not from ERI T2 to turnover intentions T3. Additionally, results showed that ERI at time points T1/T2 associated significantly with exhaustion two years later (T2/T3). Also, exhaustion at T1 showed a small but statistically significant direct association with turnover intentions at T2 (no association was found between exhaustion T2 and turnover intentions T3). A small, but statistically significant indirect effect from ERI to turnover intentions was found (estimate 0.005; 95% CI 0.002-0.010).Conclusions: Providing a good balance between effort and reward for workers is essential to protect employee health and help retain employees in the organization.
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| 6. |
- Låstad, Lena, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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How do job insecurity profiles correspond to employee experiences of work-home interference, self-rated health, and psychological well-being?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Health. - : Wiley. - 1341-9145 .- 1348-9585. ; 63:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Traditional variable-oriented research has shown that employee perceptions of job insecurity (JI) are associated with negative consequences, including more work-home interference, poorer health, and impaired well-being. Besides the negative consequences of high JI, particular combinations of JI perceptions may also be associated with different consequences. Taking a person-oriented approach, this study aimed to investigate (1) whether it is possible to distinguish different combinations of JI perceptions among working women and men and (2) whether such JI profiles involve different experiences of work-home interference, health, and well-being.Methods: Self-reports in questionnaires of JI, including both quantitative and qualitative threats of perceived job loss, work-home interference (WHI), health, and psychological well-being came from 1169 white-collar workers (52.4% women) in Sweden. Latent profile analysis was performed to identify JI profiles. Subsequent analyses included comparing profiles with respect to WHI, health, and well-being.Results: Four distinct JI profiles were identified: (1) Secure; quality-concerned, (2) Insecure: employment-concerned, (3) Insecure, and (4) Secure. Comparisons of cluster profiles showed significant differences in work-home interference (family-work conflict), self-rated health, and psychological well-being.Conclusions: Findings suggest that the Insecure profile may be most vulnerable to adverse consequences of perceived JI. Taken together, different JI profiles may be associated with differential experiences of work-home interference, health, and psychological well-being among working women and men.
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| 7. |
- Sconfienza, Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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Social support at work and mental distress : A three-wave study of normal, reversed, and reciprocal relationships
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Health. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1341-9145 .- 1348-9585. ; 61:1, s. 91-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between social support at work and mental health in terms of mental distress. Despite assuming social support at work to be associated with less mental distress, reversed and reciprocal relationships were investigated as well.Methods: Self-reports in questionnaires of social support and mental distress were collected longitudinally, with annual measurements over three consecutive years, among 301 office workers (57% women) in Sweden. Cross-lagged structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses.Results: The reciprocal causation model was considered the best-fitting model. The results suggest that social support and mental distress influenced each other negatively, but with a delayed effect. Specifically, this involves Time 1 levels of social support being negatively associated with Time 2 levels of mental distress, while Time 2 levels of mental distress were negatively associated with Time 3 levels of support.Conclusions: The findings partly align with the hypothesis that social support is related to lower levels of mental distress but also suggest that mental distress can reduce levels of social support. While the findings also suggest a mutual interrelation between social support and mental distress, this is not a consistent reciprocal causation. Rather, and due to the variation in reciprocity between time points, it appears to he a cyclical process, which needs further investigation.
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| 8. |
- Theorell, Töres
(författare)
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A long-term perspective on cardiovascular job stress research
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Health. - : Wiley. - 1341-9145 .- 1348-9585. ; 61:1, s. 3-9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review provides perspectives on cardiovascular occupational stress research since the 1960s until now. The author argues for closer links between basic science and clinical follow-up examinations of patients. In an excellent way urinary excretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline during wake hours mirrors day to day or week to week variations in sympathomedullary activity which could be related to variations in the patient's and cardiovascular and psychosocial situation. Modern methods for following variations over time in heart contractility should also be related to the patients' psychosocial situation. In addition the author argues for more extensive use of the increasing knowledge regarding regeneration and vagal activity in relation to variations in job conditions and development or prevention of cardiovascular disease.
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| 9. |
- Zhou, Yanli, et al.
(författare)
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Dentists have a high occupational risk of neck disorders with impact on somatosensory function and neck mobility
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Health. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1341-9145 .- 1348-9585. ; 63:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in the neck and shoulder region may be associated with significant impairment of quality of life and well-being. The study was to determine the prevalence of painful MSDs in Chinese dentists and evaluate somatosensory function and neck mobility compared with non-dental professional controls. Methods One hundred dentists (age: 36.5 +/- 9.8 years) and 102 controls (age: 36.2 +/- 10.0 years) were recruited between September 2019 and December 2020. The Medical Outcome Study 36-item short-form health survey questionnaire and information of MSDs history were recorded. The cervical range of motion (CROM) with and without pain, and the pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) of the facial and neck muscles were tested. Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The factors in the multiple linear regression analysis were occupation, working age, and gender. Results The prevalence rate of neck pain was significantly higher in dentists (73.0%) compared with the controls (52.0%) (P = .002). The regression models of cervical range of posterior extension, lateral flexion and rotation were statistically significant (P <= .001). The regression models of PPTs of the tested facial and neck muscles were statistically significant (P < .001). Conclusion Dentists are at higher risk of neck pain. The bigger cervical range of left rotation of dentists could be related to the working posture. The lower PPTs in dentists may reflect a hypersensitivity in the facial and neck muscles. Preventive measures are needed to reduce occupational hazards in dentists.
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| 10. |
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