| 1. |
- Aboulghar, M, et al.
(författare)
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Intrauterine insemination
- 2009
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Ingår i: Human reproduction update. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2369 .- 1355-4786. ; 15:3, s. 265-277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Altmäe, Signe, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic predictors of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation : where do we stand today?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction Update. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1355-4786 .- 1460-2369. ; 17:6, s. 813-828
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUNDNowadays, the use of IVF has improved the prospects of infertility treatment. The expected outcome of IVF depends greatly on the effectiveness of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH), where exogenous gonadotrophins are used to induce folliculogenesis. The response to stimulation varies substantially among women and is difficult to predict. Several predictive markers of COH outcome have been proposed (e.g. maternal age and ovarian reserve), but the search for optimal predictors is ongoing. Pharmacogenetic studies demonstrate the effects of individual genetic variability on COH outcome and the potential for customizing therapy based on the patient's genome.METHODSMEDLINE, EMBASE, DARE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library, and references from relevant articles were investigated up to February 2011 regarding any common genetic variation and COH/IVF outcome.RESULTSSeveral polymorphisms in genes involved in FSH signalling, estrogen biosynthesis, folliculogenesis, folate metabolism and other aspects influence the response to exogenous gonadotrophin administration, resulting in differences in COH and IVF outcomes. Nevertheless, the most studied polymorphism FSHR Asn680Ser is practically the only genetic marker, together with ESR1 PvuII T/C, that could be applied in clinical tests.CONCLUSIONSAlthough data are accumulating with evidence suggesting that the ovarian response to COH is mediated by various polymorphisms, the optimal biomarkers and the efficacy of the tests still remain to be evaluated.
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| 3. |
- Altmäe, Signe, et al.
(författare)
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Guidelines for the design, analysis and interpretation of 'omics' data : focus on human endometrium
- 2013
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction Update. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1355-4786 .- 1460-2369. ; 20:1, s. 12-28
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND 'Omics' high-throughput analyses, including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, are widely applied in human endometrial studies. Analysis of endometrial transcriptome patterns in physiological and pathophysiological conditions has been to date the most commonly applied 'omics' technique in human endometrium. As the technologies improve, proteomics holds the next big promise for this field. The 'omics' technologies have undoubtedly advanced our knowledge of human endometrium in relation to fertility and different diseases. Nevertheless, the challenges arising from the vast amount of data generated and the broad variation of 'omics' profiling according to different environments and stimuli make it difficult to assess the validity, reproducibility and interpretation of such 'omics' data. With the expansion of 'omics' analyses in the study of the endometrium, there is a growing need to develop guidelines for the design of studies, and the analysis and interpretation of 'omics' data.METHODS Systematic review of the literature in PubMed, and references from relevant articles were investigated up to March 2013.RESULTS The current review aims to provide guidelines for future 'omics' studies on human endometrium, together with a summary of the status and trends, promise and shortcomings in the high-throughput technologies. In addition, the approaches presented here can be adapted to other areas of high-throughput 'omics' studies.CONCLUSION A highly rigorous approach to future studies, based on the guidelines provided here, is a prerequisite for obtaining data on biological systems which can be shared among researchers worldwide and will ultimately be of clinical benefit.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Argyraki, M, et al.
(författare)
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In-utero stress and mode of conception: impact on regulation of imprinted genes, fetal development and future health
- 2019
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Ingår i: Human reproduction update. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2369 .- 1355-4786. ; 25:6, s. 777-801
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUNDGenomic imprinting is an epigenetic gene regulatory mechanism; disruption of this process during early embryonic development can have major consequences on both fetal and placental development. The periconceptional period and intrauterine life are crucial for determining long-term susceptibility to diseases. Treatments and procedures in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and adverse in-utero environments may modify the methylation levels of genomic imprinting regions, including insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2)/H19, mesoderm-specific transcript (MEST), and paternally expressed gene 10 (PEG10), affecting the development of the fetus. ART, maternal psychological stress, and gestational exposures to chemicals are common stressors suspected to alter global epigenetic patterns including imprinted genes.OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALEOur objective is to highlight the effect of conception mode and maternal psychological stress on fetal development. Specifically, we monitor fetal programming, regulation of imprinted genes, fetal growth, and long-term disease risk, using the imprinted genes IGF2/H19, MEST, and PEG10 as examples. The possible role of environmental chemicals in genomic imprinting is also discussed.SEARCH METHODSA PubMed search of articles published mostly from 2005 to 2019 was conducted using search terms IGF2/H19, MEST, PEG10, imprinted genes, DNA methylation, gene expression, and imprinting disorders (IDs). Studies focusing on maternal prenatal stress, psychological well-being, environmental chemicals, ART, and placental/fetal development were evaluated and included in this review.OUTCOMESIGF2/H19, MEST, and PEG10 imprinted genes have a broad developmental effect on fetal growth and birth weight variation. Their disruption is linked to pregnancy complications, metabolic disorders, cognitive impairment, and cancer. Adverse early environment has a major impact on the developing fetus, affecting mostly growth, the structure, and subsequent function of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and neurodevelopment. Extensive evidence suggests that the gestational environment has an impact on epigenetic patterns including imprinting, which can lead to adverse long-term outcomes in the offspring. Environmental stressors such as maternal prenatal psychological stress have been found to associate with altered DNA methylation patterns in placenta and to affect fetal development. Studies conducted during the past decades have suggested that ART pregnancies are at a higher risk for a number of complications such as birth defects and IDs. ART procedures involve multiple steps that are conducted during critical windows for imprinting establishment and maintenance, necessitating long-term evaluation of children conceived through ART. Exposure to environmental chemicals can affect placental imprinting and fetal growth both in humans and in experimental animals. Therefore, their role in imprinting should be better elucidated, considering the ubiquitous exposure to these chemicals.WIDER IMPLICATIONSDysregulation of imprinted genes is a plausible mechanism linking stressors such as maternal psychological stress, conception using ART, and chemical exposures with fetal growth. It is expected that a greater understanding of the role of imprinted genes and their regulation in fetal development will provide insights for clinical prevention and management of growth and IDs. In a broader context, evidence connecting impaired imprinted gene function to common diseases such as cancer is increasing. This implies early regulation of imprinting may enable control of long-term human health, reducing the burden of disease in the population in years to come.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Baird, DT, et al.
(författare)
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Female contraception over 40
- 2009
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Ingår i: Human reproduction update. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2369 .- 1355-4786. ; 15:6, s. 599-612
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Baird, DT, et al.
(författare)
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Nutrition and reproduction in women
- 2006
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Ingår i: Human reproduction update. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1355-4786 .- 1460-2369. ; 12:3, s. 193-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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