| 1. |
- Andrén, Daniela, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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What Contributes to Life Satisfaction in Transitional Romania?
- 2006
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Ingår i: Review of Development Economics. - : John Wiley & Sons. ; 10:1, s. 59-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyzes life satisfaction in Romania in 2001, 12 years after the collapse of communism and the beginning of the transition into a market economy. Using a survey of 1770 individuals,we find that our results are very similar to studies in Western Europe and the USA. Life satisfaction increases with housing standard, health status, economic situation, education, trusting other people, and living in the countryside, and decreases with rising unemployment. However, life satisfaction is lower than in Western countries with about 740f the people in the sample being not at all satisfied or not quite satisfied with their life in general, and the remaining part being quite satisfied or very satisfied. A policy discussion concludes the paper.
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| 2. |
- Baldwin, Richard E., et al.
(författare)
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Trade Liberalization with Heterogeneous Firms
- 2010
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Ingår i: Review of Development Economics. - : Wiley. - 1363-6669 .- 1467-9361. ; 14:2, s. 161-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the various aspects of trade liberalization with heterogeneous firms using the Melitz (2003) model. We find a number of novel results and effects including a Stolper-Samuelson-like result and several results related to the volume of trade, which are empirically testable. We also analyze what might be called an anti-variety effect as the result of trade liberalization. We show that this effect is most pronounced for small countries. This resonates with the often voiced criticism from antiglobalists that globalization leads the world to become more homogeneous by eliminating local specialties. Nevertheless, we find that trade liberalization always leads to welfare gains in the model.
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| 3. |
- Adom, Philip Kofi
(författare)
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Impact of Market-based Policies and External Fiscal Discipline on Ghana's Inflation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Review of Development Economics. - : Wiley. - 1363-6669 .- 1467-9361. ; 20, s. 794-816
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates the impact of liberalization of the forex exchange and financial sectors and external prudent fiscal management in Cote d'Ivoire on Ghana's inflation. We find that, in the financial sector, there is a case for liberalization, in terms of lowering inflation. However, a quasi-liberalized system in the sector proves to have a greater potential to reduce inflation in Ghana. In the exchange market, non-liberalization has the edge over liberalization in reducing inflation in Ghana. However, a quasi-liberalized system in the sector has a greater potential to lower inflation. There is evidence of a strong intra-continental transfer of inflation from Cote d'Ivoire to Ghana, but this transmission has been significantly moderated downwards by the implementation of prudent fiscal management in Cote d'Ivoire. We also find that monetary targeting and inflation targeting have deflationary effects, but we cannot claim that this has significantly reduced inflation. The implication of the result is that; a system that achieves the correct balance between the market mechanism and command system in the exchange and financial sectors has a greater potential to lower inflation in Ghana. Also, domestic monetary policies should not only be anchored on internal factors.
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| 4. |
- Congdon Fors, Heather, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Within-family inequalities in human capital accumulation in India
- 2022
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Ingår i: Review of Development Economics. - : Wiley. - 1363-6669 .- 1467-9361. ; 27:1, s. 3-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate within-family inequalities in human capital accumulation in India. Indicators of the children's current stock of human capital and of investment into their continued human capital accumulation are analyzed, distinguishing between time investments and pecuniary investment into school quality. We employ a within-family model using sibship fixed effects, and find mostly negative birth order effects; that is, earlier-born children are better off. However, for time investments there is a tendency toward more positive birth order effects, especially in poor and large families. This suggests that that opportunity cost of child time matters; in poor and large families the older, more productive, siblings often need to work. The most plausible explanation for negative birth order effects in general is resource dilution at an early age. Older siblings were only children at an early age, and therefore benefited from more parental resources.
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| 5. |
- Karimu, Amin, et al.
(författare)
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Natural Resource Revenues and Public Investment in Resource-rich Economies in Sub-Saharan Africa
- 2017
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Ingår i: Review of Development Economics. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1363-6669 .- 1467-9361. ; 21:4, s. 107-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The general policy prescription for resource-rich countries is that, for sustainable consumption, a greater percentage of the windfall from resource rents should be channeled into accumulating foreign assets such as a sovereign public fund as done in Norway and other developed but resource-rich countries. This might not be a correct policy prescription for resource-rich sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, where public capital is very low to support the needed economic growth. In such countries, rents from resources serve as an opportunity to scale-up the needed public capital. Using a panel data for the period 1990–2013, we find in line with the scaling-up hypothesis that resource rents significantly increases public investment in SSA and that this tends to depend on the quality of political institutions. Moreover, we also find evidence of a positive effect of public investment on economic growth, which also depends on the level of resource rents.
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| 6. |
- Siba, Eyerusalem, et al.
(författare)
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The relationship among enterprise clustering, prices, and productivity in Ethiopia’s manufacturing sector
- 2020
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Ingår i: Review of Development Economics. - : Wiley. - 1363-6669 .- 1467-9361. ; 24:3, s. 831-854
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We use census panel data on Ethiopian manufacturing firms to analyze how enterprise clustering in local markets covaries with firm-level output prices and physical productivity. We find a negative and statistically significant relationship between the density of firms that produce a given product in a given location and the local price of that product. We also find a positive and statistically significant relationship between the density of firms that produce a given product in a location and the physical productivity of same-product firms in the location. These results are consistent with the notion that increased clustering of firms generates higher competitive pressure and positive externalities. Across firms that produce different products, we find no statistically significant relationship between enterprise clustering and firm-level output prices and productivity. We also find no clustering effects across towns. Our results suggest that while clustering can impact firm performance, the advantages are narrow in scope.
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| 7. |
- Jonasson, Erik
(författare)
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Informal Employment and the Role of Regional Governance
- 2011
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Ingår i: Review of Development Economics. - : Wiley. - 1363-6669. ; 15:3, s. 429-441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to provide an explanation to why the degree of informal employment may vary substantially between different regions within a country. In Brazil, 45% of workers in the urban labor force are employed informally. The degree of informal employment, however, varies substantially across regions, with some cities having 20% and others having 80% or more of their labor force in the informal sector. The hypothesis assessed here is that the quality of local governance-or government effectiveness-affects the decisions of workers and businesses as to whether to participate in the formal or the informal sector. The empirical analysis, based on data from 5500 Brazilian municipalities, shows that informal employment is lower in regions with better governance, higher average education, and with a relatively large manufacturing sector. Endogeneity concerns are addressed as part of a series of robustness checks of the results.
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