| 1. |
- Abualigah, Laith, et al.
(författare)
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Improved prairie dog optimization algorithm by dwarf mongoose optimization algorithm for optimization problems
- 2023
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Ingår i: Multimedia tools and applications. - : SPRINGER. - 1380-7501 .- 1573-7721. ; 83:11, s. 32613-32653
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, optimization problems have been revised in many domains, and they need powerful search methods to address them. In this paper, a novel hybrid optimization algorithm is proposed to solve various benchmark functions, which is called IPDOA. The proposed method is based on enhancing the search process of the Prairie Dog Optimization Algorithm (PDOA) by using the primary updating mechanism of the Dwarf Mongoose Optimization Algorithm (DMOA). The main aim of the proposed IPDOA is to avoid the main weaknesses of the original methods; these weaknesses are poor convergence ability, the imbalance between the search process, and premature convergence. Experiments are conducted on 23 standard benchmark functions, and the results are compared with similar methods from the literature. The results are recorded in terms of the best, worst, and average fitness function, showing that the proposed method is more vital to deal with various problems than other methods.
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| 2. |
- Albadr, Musatafa Abbas Abbood, et al.
(författare)
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Speech emotion recognition using optimized genetic algorithm-extreme learning machine
- 2022
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Ingår i: Multimedia tools and applications. - : Springer Nature. - 1380-7501 .- 1573-7721. ; 81:17, s. 23963-23989
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Automatic Emotion Speech Recognition (ESR) is considered as an active research field in the Human-Computer Interface (HCI). Typically, the ESR system is consisting of two main parts: Front-End (features extraction) and Back-End (classification). However, most previous ESR systems have been focused on the features extraction part only and ignored the classification part. Whilst the classification process is considered an essential part in ESR systems, where its role is to map out the extracted features from audio samples to determine its corresponding emotion. Moreover, the evaluation of most ESR systems has been conducted based on Subject Independent (SI) scenario only. Therefore, in this paper, we are focusing on the Back-End (classification), where we have adopted our recent developed Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), called Optimized Genetic Algorithm-Extreme Learning Machine (OGA-ELM). In addition, we used the Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) method in order to extract the features from the speech utterances. This work proves the significance of the classification part in ESR systems, where it improves the ESR performance in terms of achieving higher accuracy. The performance of the proposed model was evaluated based on Berlin Emotional Speech (BES) dataset which consists of 7 emotions (neutral, happiness, boredom, anxiety, sadness, anger, and disgust). Four different evaluation scenarios have been conducted such as Subject Dependent (SD), SI, Gender Dependent Female (GD-Female), and Gender Dependent Male (GD-Male). The highest performance of the OGA-ELM was very impressive in the four different scenarios and achieved an accuracy of 93.26%, 100.00%, 96.14% and 97.10% for SI, SD, GD-Male, and GD-Female scenarios, respectively. Besides, the proposed ESR system has shown a fast execution time in all experiments to identify the emotions.
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| 3. |
- Barkowsky, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Hybrid video quality prediction : Re-viewing video quality measurement for widening application scope
- 2015
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Ingår i: Multimedia tools and applications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1380-7501 .- 1573-7721. ; 74:2, s. 323-343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A tremendous number of objective video quality measurement algorithms have been developed during the last two decades. Most of them either measure a very limited aspect of the perceived video quality or they measure broad ranges of quality with limited prediction accuracy. This paper lists several perceptual artifacts that may be computationally measured in an isolated algorithm and some of the modeling approaches that have been proposed to predict the resulting quality from those algorithms. These algorithms usually have a very limited application scope but have been verified carefully. The paper continues with a review of some standardized and well-known video quality measurement algorithms that are meant for a wide range of applications, thus have a larger scope. Their individual artifacts prediction accuracy is usually lower but some of them were validated to perform sufficiently well for standardization. Several difficulties and shortcomings in developing a general purpose model with high prediction performance are identified such as a common objective quality scale or the behavior of individual indicators when confronted with stimuli that are out of their prediction scope. The paper concludes with a systematic framework approach to tackle the development of a hybrid video quality measurement in a joint research collaboration.
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| 4. |
- Biernacki, Arkadiusz, et al.
(författare)
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Performance of HTTP Video Streaming Under Different Network Conditions
- 2014
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Ingår i: Multimedia tools and applications. - : Springer US. - 1380-7501 .- 1573-7721. ; 72:2, s. 1143-1166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Internet video sharing services have been gaining importance and increasing their share in the multimedia market. In order to compete effectively and provide broadcast television with a comparable level of quality, the Internet video should fulfil stringent quality of service (QoS) constraints. However, as the Internet video is based on packet transmission, it is influenced by delays, transmission errors, data losses and bandwidth limitations which can have a devastating influence on the perceived quality of the multimedia content. There are many works which describe the impact of network impairments on the Internet video. Nevertheless, little is known about how network conditions influence the video streamed by the currently popular services such as YouTube, where video is transmitted over reliable TCP/HTTP protocols. Therefore using a network simulator, we conducted an experimental evaluation of theHTTP based video transmission analysing how the network impairments mentioned above influence the streamed video. The experiments were validated against a network emulator supplied with real network traces. As a result of this work, we can state that the buffering strategies implemented by a video player are in many cases able to mitigate unfavourable network conditions what allow to play the streamed video smoothly. The results may serve Internet Service Providers so that they could tune their network characteristics in order to match the demand from HTTP video.
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| 5. |
- Brunnström, Kjell, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Video expert assessment of high quality video for Video Assistant Referee (VAR) : A comparative study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Multimedia tools and applications. - : Springer Nature. - 1380-7501 .- 1573-7721. ; 83:20, s. 58783-58825
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The International Football Association Board decided to introduce Video Assistant Referee (VAR) in 2018. This led to the need to develop methods for quality control of the VAR-systems. This article focuses on the important aspect to evaluate the video quality. Video Quality assessment has matured in the sense that there are standardized, commercial products and established open-source solutions to measure it with objective methods. Previous research has primarily focused on the end-user quality assessment. How to assess the video in the contribution phase of the chain is less studied. The novelties of this study are two-fold: 1) The user study is specifically targeting video experts i.e., to assess the perceived quality of video professionals working with video production. 2) Six video quality models have been independently benchmarked against the user data and evaluated to show which of the models could provide the best predictions of perceived quality. The independent evaluation is important to get unbiased results as shown by the Video Quality Experts Group. An experiment was performed involving 25 video experts in which they rated the perceived quality. The video formats tested were High-Definition TV both progressive and interlaced as well as a quarters size format that was scaled down half the size in both width and height. The videos were encoded with both H.264 and Motion JPEG for the full size but only H.264 for the quarter size. Bitrates ranged from 80 Mbit/s down to 10 Mbit/s. We could see that for H.264 that the quality was overall very good but dropped somewhat for 10 Mbit/s. For Motion JPEG the quality dropped over the whole range. For the interlaced format the degradation that was based on a simple deinterlacing method did receive overall low ratings. For the quarter size three different scaling algorithms were evaluated. Lanczos performed the best and Bilinear the worst. The performance of six different video quality models were evaluated for 1080p and 1080i. The Video Quality Metric for Variable Frame Delay had the best performance for both formats, followed by Video Multimethod Assessment Fusion method and the Video Quality Metric General model.
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| 6. |
- Buchinger, Shelley, et al.
(författare)
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Advances in tools, techniques and practices for multimedia QoE
- 2015
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Ingår i: Multimedia tools and applications. - : Springer. - 1380-7501 .- 1573-7721.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been realized that the success of multimedia services or applications relies on the analysis of the entire user experience (UX). The relevance of this paradigm ranges from Internet protocol television to video-on-demand systems for distributing and sharing professional television (TV) and user-generated content that is consumed and produced ubiquitously. To obtain a pleasurable user experience, a large amount of aspects have to be taken into account. Major challenges in this context include the identification of relevant UX factors and the quantification of their influence on Quality of Experience (QoE). This special issue is dedicated to advances in, tools, techniques and practices for multimedia QoE that tackle several of the aforementioned challenges.
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| 7. |
- Casas-Ordaz, A., et al.
(författare)
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Enhancing image thresholding segmentation with a novel hybrid battle royale optimization algorithm
- 2024
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Ingår i: Multimedia tools and applications. - : Springer Nature. - 1380-7501 .- 1573-7721.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accurate image segmentation is crucial in digital image processing, enabling efficient image analysis and robust vision systems. However, segmentation is a complex task as images vary in their characteristics, and the computational costs increase with the number of classes involved. To address these challenges, incorporating metaheuristic algorithms to guide the segmentation process presents an exciting opportunity for improvement. This research paper introduces a novel multilevel image segmentation approach that leverages a hybrid battle royale optimization algorithm. By combining opposition-based learning, highly disruptive polynomial mutation, differential evolution mutation, and crossover operators, the proposed method enhances the original battle royale optimization algorithm and effectively solves the segmentation problem. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, the minimum cross-entropy criterion is applied to two sets of reference images that undergo multilevel thresholding with up to five thresholds. The results are compared with those obtained using nine other metaheuristic algorithms, employing various image quality metrics such as peak signal noise ratio, structural similarity index method, feature similarity index method, quality index based on local variance, Haar wavelet-based perceptual similarity index, and universal image quality index. The results are analyzed quantitatively, qualitatively, and statistically. The findings demonstrate the potential of the proposed approach in achieving high-quality multilevel thresholding image segmentation. Additionally, the hybrid battle royale optimization algorithm showcases its robustness and efficiency when compared to the other metaheuristic algorithms tested. Notable results are PSNR = 2.13E+01, SSIM = 8.41E-01, FSIM = 8.42E-01, QILV = 8.94E-01, HPSI = 6.52E-01, and UIQI = 9.78E-01.
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| 8. |
- Ferwerda, Bruce, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Personality and taxonomy preferences, and the influence of category choice on the user experience for music streaming services
- 2019
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Ingår i: Multimedia tools and applications. - : Springer. - 1380-7501 .- 1573-7721. ; 78:14, s. 20157-20190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Music streaming services increasingly incorporate different ways for users to browse for music. Next to the commonly used “genre” taxonomy, nowadays additional taxonomies, such as mood and activities, are often used. As additional taxonomies have shown to be able to distract the user in their search, we looked at how to predict taxonomy preferences in order to counteract this. Additionally, we looked at how the number of categories presented within a taxonomy influences the user experience. We conducted an online user study where participants interacted with an application called “Tune-A-Find”. We measured taxonomy choice (i.e., mood, activity, or genre), individual differences (e.g., personality traits and music expertise factors), and different user experience factors (i.e., choice difficulty and satisfaction, perceived system usefulness and quality) when presenting either 6- or 24-categories within the picked taxonomy. Among 297 participants, we found that personality traits are related to music taxonomy preferences. Furthermore, our findings show that the number of categories within a taxonomy influences the user experience in different ways and is moderated by music expertise. Our findings can support personalized user interfaces in music streaming services. By knowing the user’s personality and expertise, the user interface can adapt to the user’s preferred way of music browsing and thereby mitigate the problems that music listeners are facing while finding their way through the abundance of music choices online nowadays.
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| 9. |
- Ghaffari, M., et al.
(författare)
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The impact of COVID-19 on online music listening behaviors in light of listeners’ social interactions
- 2023
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Ingår i: Multimedia tools and applications. - : Springer. - 1380-7501 .- 1573-7721.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the global changes in online music listening behaviors in response to COVID-19 and its restrictions (such as quarantine, school and workplace closures, and travel restrictions). In addition, the research included an examination of how friendship networks and online communication motives have moderated the effect of COVID-19 on music listening behaviors. The causal inference methods: difference in differences (DiD) and two-way fixed effects (TWFE), were conducted to analyze the online music listening behaviors and social interactions of 37,328 Last.fm users in 45 countries before and after the first wave of confinement. It was found that in response to COVID-19, the quantity, variety, and novelty of music consumption decreased, shifting toward mainstream artists, whereas individuals with more online social connections and communications showed the reverse behavior. Our research shows that online social interactions and community development significantly impact listeners’ behaviors and can be used as a guide to developing new design strategies for digital media, such as music, movies, and games.
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| 10. |
- Guo, J., et al.
(författare)
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Application of Digital Twins in multiple fields
- 2022
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Ingår i: Multimedia tools and applications. - : Springer. - 1380-7501 .- 1573-7721.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the development of science and technology, the high-tech industry is developing rapidly, and various new-age technologies continue to appear, and Digital Twins (DT) is one of them. As a brand-new interactive technology, DT technology can handle the interaction between the real world and the virtual world well. It has become a hot spot in the academic circles of all countries in the world. DT have developed rapidly in recent years result from centrality, integrity and dynamics. It is integrated with other technologies and has been applied in many fields, such as smart factory in industrial production, digital model of life in medical field, construction of smart city, security guarantee in aerospace field, immersive shopping in commercial field and so on. The introduction of DT is mostly a summary of concepts, and few practical applications of Digital Twins are introduced. The purpose of this paper is to enable people to understand the application status of DT technology. At the same time, the introduction of core technologies related to DT is interspersed in the application introduction. Finally, combined with the current development status of DT, predict the future development trend of DT and make a summary. © 2022, The Author(s).
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