| 1. |
- Almén, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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The Influence of the Designer on the Risk of Falling from Heights and of Exposure to Excessive Workloads on two Contruction Sites
- 2012
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Ingår i: Safety Science Monitor. - 1443-8844. ; 16:1, s. 2-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Workers on construction sites are exposed to an excessive risk of being injured at work. This study identifies occupational hazards on two construction sites – hazards that were related to the design of the building – and undertakes an analysis of the basis upon which related design decisions were made.Risks of falling from heights were related to the shape of the building. Risks related to an excessive workload were related to the weight of building products and possibilities to use equipment to avoid manual transports.The hazards were discussed at focus group meetings. During these meetings, the participants showed an increased understanding of safety issues in the project, each other's views and difficulties, and their own ability to facilitate acceptable risk levels for others.Some hazards were not foreseen during the design and planning phase. According to the architects, their knowledge about construction methods was not sufficient to predict hazards related to the shape of the building.Other hazards were foreseen, though considered to be primarily the contractor's responsibility. Consultants in the design and planning phase, on behalf of the client, were focused on quality, time schedule and economy, more than on occupational safety. There were building products on the market which were designed to fulfil functional regulatory requirements and requests from consumers, but not sufficient enough to ensure that they could be handled without exposure to an excessive workload. The demands and routines in the project did not ensure that project-specific hazard information was given to the contractor.
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| 2. |
- Bylund, Per-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Injuries before and after the implementation of traffic safety countermeasures : a case study of a pedestrian and bicycle bridge
- 2013
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Ingår i: Safety Science Monitor. - 1443-8844. ; 17:2, s. 5-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The implementation of community injury prevention programs in order to reduce injuries caused by road traffic incidents has been a public health priority for many years. The purpose of this case-study was to investigate whether the implementation of traffic safety countermeasures on a bridge for bicyclists and pedestrians was effective in reducing the number and severity of injuries. The study was based on data from the injury database at the University Hospital of Umeå and includes data from 74 injured persons. Injury incidence, injury severity and the circumstances associated with injury incidences are reported. There was an increase in the incidence of both moderate and more serious injuries, such as brain injuries and fractures of upper extremities, after the safety countermeasures were put in place. Falls due to overturning with the bicycle dominated among single crashes. Collisions and crashes caused by giving way to pedestrians or other bicyclists were the most common types of crash. The main finding is that the modification of the bridge, which aimed to reduce injuries, has not been successful, in particular with reference to the incidence of severe injuries.
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| 3. |
- Dellve, Lotta, et al.
(författare)
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Socioeconomic determinants of occupational injuries and diseases among the total work force of home care workers in Sweden -An eco-epidemiological study
- 2003
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Ingår i: Safety Science Monitor. - : IPSO Australia. - 1443-8844. ; 7:IV-I, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to identify macro-socioeconomic determinants for the incidence of occupational injuries and diseases among home care workers. The study base was the total workforce of home care workers in Sweden during 1994-1998. In an ecological study design, data from three national databases were combined by record linkage. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used to estimate and interpret macro-socioeconomic determinants (economic resources, age structures of inhabitants and home care workers, unemployment, type of employment, size and location of municipality) for the incidence of occupational disorders among home care workers. A great variation in municipal incidence of occupational disorders was found when comparing various municipalities (10-184 occupational disorders/1000 full-time equivalent workers per year and municipality). The relation between the incidence of occupational disorders and macro-socioeconomic factors is complex. The investigated socioeconomic factors together explained 12-19 % of the differences in mean municipal occupational disorders but there were different explanations related to metropolitan regions and sparsely populated areas. The factors that had a potential to explain the differences were the age structure of inhabitants and home care workers, and unemployment. The economic resources, e.g. the gross expenses for the care of the elderly and handicapped, and the average income, or the employment conditions among the home care workers did not give any explanation for differences in occupational disorders. The group of privately employed home care workers (1-3 %) had a lower incidence of occupational disorders and were younger. The great difference in incidence of occupational disorders which appears when municipalities in Sweden are compared indicates a preventive potential. However, the relation between the incidence and macro-socioeconomic factors is complex. In order to better understand socio-environment phenomena related to occupational injuries, further studies are needed to explore the possible influence of the work system at the macro-, organisational- and micro-level.
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| 6. |
- Grill, Martin, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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APPROACHING SAFETY IN THE SWEDISH AND DANISH CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: PROFESSIONALS’ PERCEPTIONS OF SAFETY CULTURE DIFFERENCES
- 2015
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Ingår i: Safety Science Monitor. - 1443-8844. ; 19:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Persistent high accident rates in the construction industry motivate research to improve the understanding of underlying factors affecting safety behaviour and safety outcomes. The Scandinavian countries of Sweden and Denmark are culturally similar but with a considerable difference in accidents rates, especially in construction, and as such offer an opportunity to explore organizational and managerial issues related to safety outcomes. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were carried out with five construction managers and four construction workers in Danish and Swedish construction industry. The transcripts were analysed using semantic thematic analysis. Results: Seven safety related themes were distinguished, conveying safety culture differences between Swedish and Danish construction industry concerning: participatory or directive management; challenge or obey; compliance or non-compliance; cooperation or conflict; caution or cockiness; planning management; and employment security. Interconnections between the thematic areas revealed patterns of interaction between managers and employees, interpreted as process models of participatory and directive safety cultures. Conclusion: This study identifies seven factors perceived by the professionals as related to lower occupational accident rates in the construction industry. Engaging in participatory management, promoting long-term planning and long-term tenures, encouraging cooperation, cautiousness and compliance to rules as well as challenging authorities, were described as connected to successful safety management. These factors may guide further research in the field, as well as safety managers and officials engaged in decreasing accident rates in the construction industry in Scandinavia and elsewhere.
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| 7. |
- Ilskog, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Functionality aspects on indicators of public health : A study on access to infrastructural services by a group of female-headed household in Vingunguti, Dar es Saalam
- 2011
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Ingår i: Safety Science Monitor. - Stockholm. - 1443-8844. ; 15:3, s. art 8-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AbstractA public health case study in the informal settlement of Vingunguti, Dar es Salaam, organised for a small group of female household-heads to document aspects of the infrastructural services with the help of photo eliciting and compared this to the results of a traditional socio-economic survey, previously implemented in the area.It is argued that, in the case of Vinguguti, major problems concerning infrastructure such as the sewage dam and the function of services, could not be properly described by traditional indicators. The study showed that there is a need for an increased focus on functionality and accessibility, dimensions not covered by indicators commonly utilised.Key words: Indicators, infrastructure, informal settlements, Tanzania
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| 8. |
- Karlsson, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Preparedness for mining injury incidents : interviews with Swedish rescuers
- 2017
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Ingår i: Safety Science Monitor. - Haninge : IPSO Australia. - 1443-8844. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. To explore the perceptions and experiences of mining-, rescue service- (RS), and emergency medical service (EMS) personnel regarding how to handle incidents in an underground mine.Methods. Six focus-group interviews and 10 individual interviews were carried out with groups of mining-, RS and EMS personnel, who served the underground mining industry located in small municipalities in a sparsely populated area of northern Sweden. The transcripts of the interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis.Results. The three groups mostly described experiences of minor incidents and announced a limited preparedness for handling major mining incidents. Collaboration was described as being difficult because of limited knowledge about the others’ responsibilities and capacities. Few non-mining personnel were trained, or prepared to fulfil their tasks in an underground environment, and some expressed that they would even refuse to go underground because of concerns for their own safety.Conclusions. There is a need for more collaboration and joint practices between and among the groups involved in rescue operations. Collaboration between mine- and RS personnel exists, but the EMS personnel is largely excluded from this interaction. Therefore, the EMS personnel are insecure about how to handle underground mining incidents. A closer collaboration between all organizations in preparing for mining incidents is emphasized, and would have positive effects on the rescue operation. Some experiences may also be used under similar circumstances, such as incidents in railway and road tunnels.
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| 9. |
- Larsson, Tore J, et al.
(författare)
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Aspects of risk assessment, control and prevention
- 2000
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Ingår i: Safety Science Monitor. - 1443-8844. ; 4:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The contributions to this Worklife 2000 workshop and special issue of the Safety Science Monitor touch upon several aspects crucial to safety management. The perspectives and concepts presented are from areas which include, but are not specifically dedicated to, occupational health and safety. Safety at work, however, represents the prime target area of the workshop and the discussion initiated here, and hopefully continuing through the year on this site, should be seen as an attempt to seek the potential of initiatives, approaches and applications in non-occupational areas to the management of safety at work. These comments are not meant to be exhaustive to the theme of the workshop, but rather to provide some perspectives from the target area of work-related risks.
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