| 1. |
- Lundgren, E, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of leukocyte and fibroblast interferon on events in the fibroblast cell cycle
- 1979
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Ingår i: Journal of General Virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 1465-2099 .- 0022-1317. ; 42:3, s. 589-595
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serum-depleted human foetal skin fibroblasts were stimulated by addition of 10% foetal calf serum to proliferate synchronously for at least one cell cycle. This proliferation was suppressed by leukocyte or fibroblast interferon (IF), which prolonged the G1 phase and diminished the rate of DNA synthesis during the S phase in a dose-dependent manner. When used in identical concentration, as judged in terms of units of antiviral activity, fibroblast IF had more pronounced effects on cell cycle events than leukocyte IF. Interferon exerted its effect in early G1, before the cells were irreversibly committed to DNA synthesis.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Robertson, Betty H, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic relatedness of hepatitis A virus strains recovered from different geographical regions
- 1992
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Ingår i: Journal of General Virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 1465-2099 .- 0022-1317. ; 73, s. 1365-1377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A pairwise comparison of the nucleic acid sequence of 168 bases from 152 wild-type or unique cell culture-adapted strains of hepatitis A virus (HAV) revealed that HAV strains can be differentiated genetically into seven unique genotypes (I to VII). In general, the nucleotide sequence of viruses in different genotypes differs at 15 to 25% of positions within this segment of the genome. Viruses from four of the genotypes (I, II, III and VII) were recovered from cases of hepatitis A in humans, whereas viruses from the other three genotypes (IV, V and VI) were isolated only from simian species developing a hepatitis A-like illness during captivity. Among non-epidemiologically related human HAV strains, 81 were characterized as genotype I, and 19 as genotype III. Within each of these major genotypes, there were two distinct groups (subgenotypes), which differed in sequence at approximately 7.5% of base positions. Each genotype and subgenotype has a characteristic amino acid sequence in this region of the polyprotein, with the most divergent genotypes differing at 10 of 56 residues. Strains recovered from some geographical regions belonged to a common (endemic) genotype, whereas strains from other regions belonged to several, probably imported, genotypes. Thus, HAV strains recovered in North America were for the most part closely related at the nucleotide sequence level, whereas in other regions, such as Japan and Western Europe, HAV strains were derived from multiple genotypes or sub-genotypes. These data indicate that patterns of endemic transmission can be differentiated from situations in which infections are imported due to travel.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Allander, T, et al.
(författare)
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Recombinant human monoclonal antibodies against different conformational epitopes of the E2 envelope glycoprotein of hepatitis C virus that inhibit its interaction with CD81
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of General Virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 1465-2099 .- 0022-1317. ; 81:10, s. 2451-2459
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The antibody response to the envelope proteins of hepatitis C virus (HCV) may play an important role in controlling the infection. To allow molecular analyses of protective antibodies, we isolated human monoclonal antibodies to the E2 envelope glycoprotein of HCV from a combinatorial Fab library established from bone marrow of a chronically HCV-infected patient. Anti-E2 reactive clones were selected using recombinant E2 protein. The bone marrow donor carried HCV genotype 2b, and E2 used for selection was of genotype 1a. The antibody clones were expressed as Fab fragments in E. coli, and as Fab fragments and IgG1 in CHO cells. Seven different antibody clones were characterized, and shown to have high affinity for E2, genotype 1a. Three clones also had high affinity for E2 of genotype 1b. They all bind to conformation-dependent epitopes. Five clones compete for the same or overlapping binding sites, while two bind to one or two other epitopes of E2. Four clones corresponding to the different epitopes were tested as purified IgG1 for blocking the CD81-E2 interaction in vitro; all four were positive at 0.3-0.5 microg/ml. Thus, the present results suggest the existence of at least two conserved epitopes in E2 that mediate inhibition of the E2-CD81 interaction, of which one appeared immunodominant in this donor.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Bjorling, E, et al.
(författare)
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Human neutralizing human immunodeficiency virus type 2-specific Fab molecules generated by phage display
- 1999
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Ingår i: The Journal of general virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 0022-1317 .- 1465-2099. ; 8080 ( Pt 8), s. 1987-1993
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A panel of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2)-neutralizing, recombinant Fab fragments was generated by using the phage display technique. The combinatorial library was derived from an asymptomatic, HIV-2-seropositive individual and constructed on the surface of filamentous phage by using the pComb3 phagemid vector and then screened against native HIV-2 envelope glycoprotein (gp125). Ten of 30 Fab fragments generated displayed strong reactivity in an ELISA and were therefore selected for further study. Six of these possessed neutralizing capacity, with titres varying from 20 to 80 against the homologous HIV-2 strain, and one also had a weak neutralizing capacity against a heterologous HIV-2 isolate, K135. Sequencing of the heavy chain CDR3 regions showed that the gp125-specific Fabs represented individual clones. These reagents may be useful for studies on the conformational structures of the HIV-2 envelope antigens and their immunogenicity, which may help in vaccine design. Furthermore, the cloned Fab genes may be transformed into whole IgG for eukaryotic expression, and as such used for therapeutic and immunoprophylactic studies in HIV-2-infected macaques and, possibly, for human immunoprophylaxis against HIV-2.
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