| 1. |
- Arvidsson, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Factors related to self-fated participation in adolescents and adults with mild intellectual disability - A systematic literature review
- 2008
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Ingår i: JARID. - : Wiley. - 1360-2322 .- 1468-3148. ; 21, s. 277-291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Self-rated participation is a clinically relevant intervention outcome for people with mild intellectual disability. The aim of this systematic review was to analyse empirical studies that explored relationships between either environmental factors or individual characteristics and aspects of participation in young adults with mild intellectual disability. Method Four databases were used, 756 abstracts examined and 24 studies were evaluated in-depth. Results Four aspects of participation were found: involvement, perceptions of self, self-determination and psychological well-being. Reported environmental factors were: social support, choice opportunity, living conditions, school, work and leisure, attitudes, physical availability and society. Reported individual characteristics were adaptive and social skills. Conclusions There is a relative lack of studies of factors influencing self-rated participation and existing studies are difficult to compare because of disparity regarding approaches, conceptual frameworks, etc. For adequate interventions, it seems important to study how profiles of participation are influenced by different patterns of environmental factors and individual characteristics. © 2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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| 2. |
- Cederborg, Ann-Christin, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Repeated interviews with children who have intellectual disabilities
- 2008
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Ingår i: JARID. - : Wiley. - 1360-2322 .- 1468-3148. ; 21:2, s. 103-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background We predicted that repeated interviewing would improve the informativeness of children with intellectual disabilities who were questioned in criminal investigations. Materials The chronological ages of the 19 children, involved in 20 cases, ranged between 4.7 and 18 years (M = 10.3 years) at the time of the first alleged abuse. Method The utterances used by interviewers to elicit information in both initial and later interviews were examined. We then assessed the substantive information provided in both interviews and compared information elicited using focused questions in the initial interview with responses about the same topic elicited using open questions in the second interview. Results The hypothesis was supported: over 80% of the information reported in the repeated interviews was about completely new topics or was new information elaborating upon previously discussed topics. However, because the interviewing techniques were so poor in both first and second interviews, information provided in the repeated interviews may have been contaminated irrespective of the children's capacities. Conclusion When children with intellectual disabilities are given a second chance to provide information about their abuse, they can further develop the information that they report and even provide entirely new information about their experiences. When interviewers are not specially trained in how to interview children with intellectual disabilities, we cannot assume that repeated interviews provide reliable and accurate information, however. © 2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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| 3. |
- Janeslätt, Gunnel, et al.
(författare)
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Patterns of time processing ability in children with and without developmental disabilities
- 2010
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Ingår i: JARID. - : Wiley. - 1360-2322 .- 1468-3148. ; 23:3, s. 250-262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Keywords:child development;cluster analysis;time management;time orientation;time perceptionBackground Children with developmental disabilities, e.g. intellectual disability or autism, are reported to have problems in time perception, time orientation or time management, i.e. in time-processing ability (TPA). The aim was to investigate whether the problems described are diagnosis specific or reflect differences in age or in level of TPA.Methods Using a cross-sectional design, this study investigated if there were different patterns of TPA in 5- to 10-year-old children with (n = 77) and without disabilities (n = 89). The results indicated that the patterns of TPA mainly follow the chronological age of children without disabilities, all clusters differing as regards levels of TPA. Daily time management (as estimated by the parents) and children’s self-rated autonomy differed between clusters and was related to TPA.Conclusions The level of TPA seems to be a more valid overall base than the type of diagnosis for the planning of interventions in daily time management.
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| 4. |
- Nyqvist Cech, Berith, 1949-
(författare)
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Empowerment makes partners and co-operators?
- 2010
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Ingår i: JARID. - : Wiley. - 1360-2322 .- 1468-3148. ; 23:5, s. 453-453
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim: To examine how acting in a research-circle could empower people with ID.Method: For 15 years, using a co-research paradigm, six people with ID workwith me as partners and co-operators to develop focal questions from their everyday lives. We gather, act, interpret and present the data together. On their behalf, I will present some of their research-questions and some of the results ofour interviews and first-hand experiences. Results: The results showed that these six people, one man and five women, working together with me as a researcher, had important research questions about their everyday life experiences. They, for example, have experienced phenomena such as being between worlds. The research method has empowered them to a greater knowledge about society. This research also showed that professional social care workers sometimes help improve life conditions. But sometimes, factors that should empower people with ID are misused. Conclusion: To work with user participation in this kind way as a practical social care worker is possible. This empowerment philosophy requires attention to both staff and researcher intentions, their action and follow through over time.
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| 5. |
- Arvidsson, Jessica, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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New labour market - old gender roles : working life after school for young adults with intellectual disability in Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: JARID. - Chichester, West Sussex : Blackwell Publishing. - 1360-2322 .- 1468-3148. ; 27:4, s. 373-373
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Taking a gender perspective, this study explores and analyzes the labour market situation for 2745 gainfully employed men and women with an educational background in the Swedish upper secondary school for pupils with intellectual disability (ID).Method: This quantitative register study is based on the cross-classification of a newly created register and a two additional Swedish national registers. The analyses are based on logistic regression and chi-square tests.Results: Those who are employed after upper secondary school for pupils with ID are 70.8% men and 29.2% women. Both the road to work and the situation at work differs between men and women. Small private companies are the main employers in general, and for women the public sector is also a major employer. Men and women are mainly employed in traditionally “male” and “female” occupations. Also, salary levels and additional support from the welfare system differs between the sexes and within the different educational programs.Conclusion: Traditional gender roles of the labour market are clearly manifested among the people included in the study. Questions about the gender structure of the Swedish labour market and the impact of educational background on wage labour will be discussed.
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| 6. |
- Arvidsson, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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The Relationship Between Intelligence Quotient and Aspects of Everyday Functioning and Participation for People Who Have Mild and Borderline Intellectual Disabilities
- 2018
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Ingår i: JARID. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1360-2322 .- 1468-3148. ; 31:1, s. e68-e78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThis study explored the relationship between intelligence quotient (IQ) and aspects of everyday functioning/participation in individuals (age 16–40) who have a mild/borderline intellectual disability (IQ 55–85).MethodCorrelations were examined between IQ and (i) self-rated (n = 72) ability, participation as performance (how often an activity is performed), important participation restriction (not/seldom performing an activity perceived as important) and general well-being and (ii) proxy-rated (n = 41) ability and participation as performance.ResultsNo significant correlations between IQ and any of the explored measures were found. However, the effect sizes of the correlations between IQ and ability were considered as small but not negligible.ConclusionsThe results support the notion that IQ is a poor predictor of general aspects of everyday functioning in persons with mild/borderline intellectual disability. The result indicates that self-ratings partly generate other information than proxy ratings which may be important for assessments of supportive requirements and diagnosis.
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| 7. |
- Axelsson, Anna Karin
(författare)
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The role of the external personal assistants for children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities working in the children's home
- 2015
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Ingår i: JARID. - : Wiley. - 1360-2322 .- 1468-3148. ; 28:3, s. 201-211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities need support to function in an optimal way. However, there is a limited knowledge about the role of external personal assistants working in the children's home. Materials and Methods A mixed method study was performed including qualitative data from interviews with 11 Swedish parents and nine external personal assistants and quantitative data from questionnaires answered by 60 families. Results For the child, the assistant's role was one of reinforcing, meaning supportive and empowering, and the child needed a high level of assistance. For the family, the role was one of balancing and the external personal assistant was more often found to assist in activities away from home while parents tended to assist within home and in family unit activities. Conclusion In planning and implementation of external assistance, the child's needs as well as considerations of the whole family should be regarded.
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| 8. |
- Berlin Hallrup, Leena, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Service managers' experiences of how the participation of people with intellectual disabilities can be promoted in Swedish group homes
- 2019
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Ingår i: JARID. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1360-2322 .- 1468-3148. ; 32:2, s. 427-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: People with intellectual disabilities in staffed group homes often need lifelong support and dependency on others. Thereby, special demands are placed on staff and service managers to ensure opportunities for participation in everyday life. This study aims to explore how service managers promote participation in Swedish group homes for adults with intellectual disabilities. METHOD: A qualitative research design involving individual interviews with 14 service managers was used to gain an understanding of how the participation of adults with intellectual disabilities can be promoted in Swedish group homes. RESULTS: The results comprise two main themes; Creating preconditions for participation and Barriers for promotion of participation. CONCLUSIONS: Service managers experienced that promoting service user participation in group homes was an important part of their responsibility. The findings indicate that structural strategies such as coaching, supervision and reflection are important and should be further developed.
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| 9. |
- Björne, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Organisational impact on the use of restrictive measures: The perspective of Swedish front-line managers
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities. - 1360-2322 .- 1468-3148. ; 36:5, s. 1025-1033
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundRestrictive measures (RM) are prevalent in services for people with intellectual disabilities. This study investigates managerial awareness of RM and the nature of organisational supports required to reduce their use. MethodA survey asked front-line managers and staff what (RM) were used, their purpose, impact and importance (10-item Likert scales) and what organisational changes were required (free text). Responses were analysed using descriptive methods and content analysis. ResultsManagers reported a lower use of RM, compared with staff. According to managers, RM were mainly used to keep service users from harm, their use having a significant impact. Opportunities to change practices were limited by a lack of resources and organisational support. ConclusionFront-line managers seem to lack the capacity to address the use of RM due to organisational drift; limited manager time and opportunity to allocate resources; inadequate environments; and lack of skilled staff, knowledge and relevant professional input.
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| 10. |
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