| 1. |
- Adolfsson, Margareta, 1950-, et al.
(author)
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Code sets for everyday life situations of children aged 0-6: Sleeping, Mealtimes and Play - a study based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth
- 2013
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In: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : The College of Occupational Therapists Ltd.. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 76:3, s. 127-136
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: The complexity of the Child and Youth version of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, the ICF-CY, is a challenge for occupational therapists and other professionals in clinical work. Code sets including only essential categories help to make it more user-friendly. Thus far, code sets have been developed to reflect functioning for children in different developmental periods. However, there are no code sets that support screening of participation in everyday life situations and can be used across diagnoses. This exploratory study is the first attempt to develop code sets for preschoolers’ (age 0-6 years) everyday life situations.Method: Using sequential Delphi processes with expert panels consisting of 35 professionals in five interdisciplinary early intervention teams and six parents of children, the study identified content in three code sets: Sleeping, Mealtimes and Play.Results: A limited number of relevant categories were identified for three code sets: Sleeping (12), Mealtimes (21) and Play (30). Findings suggested a professional focus on Environmental factors compared with a parental focus on Body functions.Conclusion: It is important to consider the opinions of all involved when developing code sets to provide a common framework for screening of children’s everyday functioning.
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| 2. |
- Alenljung, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Struggling with everyday life after mild stroke with cognitive impairments - The experiences of working age women
- 2019
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In: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 82:4, s. 227-234
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction The aim of this study was to explore how women of working age who have had a mild stroke resulting in cognitive impairment experience and manage their everyday lives. Method Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The participants consisted of 10 women of working age who had sustained cognitive impairment after a mild stroke. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results Three main categories appeared: The everyday is affected by the symptoms, Living strategies, and The social environment effects and changes. Participants feel insecure about their abilities and capabilities, experience anxiety and fear in relation to work, and find it hard to live up to demands and expectations. They are required to plan their daily activities in a new way and to prioritise chores that benefit the family, rather than follow their own interests and social activities. In order to cope with everyday life, they need to allocate chores to other family members. Conclusions The constant impact of fatigue and cognitive impairments affects everyday life. The women said that they had to learn to continuously manage their limitations through their experience of everyday life, something that can be facilitated with occupational therapy.
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| 3. |
- Axmon, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Detecting longitudinal changes in activities of daily living (ADL) dependence : Optimizing ADL staircase response choices
- 2019
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In: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 82:10, s. 646-652
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Using a sum score based on a three-graded response scale for the activities of daily living staircase has previously been found to increase the statistical power compared to dichotomized responses when assessing longitudinal changes in activities of daily living. We aimed to investigate if the statistical power could be further increased by using a four-graded scale. Methods: We used data from two previous studies on community-living people to calculate sum scores based on a dichotomized (independent/dependent), a three-graded (independent/partly dependent/dependent), and a four-graded (independent without difficulty/independent with difficulty/partly dependent/dependent) response scale for the activities of daily living staircase. In total, 1818 paired observations (baseline to follow-up) from 482 people were included. Statistical power was estimated for the entire material as well as stratified by follow-up time and baseline activities of daily living using simulations. Results: The four-graded scale provided the highest statistical power, particularly for shorter follow-up times and low and high baseline activities of daily living, but had similar statistical power to the three-graded scale for longer follow-up times and medium baseline activities of daily living. Conclusion: Adding a second level to “independent” in the activities of daily living staircase improved the detection of changes over time.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bejerholm, Ulrika, et al.
(author)
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Profiles of occupational engagement in persons with schizophrenia, POES: Development of a new instrument based on time diaries
- 2006
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In: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - 1477-6006. ; 69:2, s. 58-68
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Previous time-use research suggests that it is highly relevant for an occupational therapist to estimate time use and occupational engagement in order to understand some of the determinants of wellbeing for people with schizophrenia. This article describes the development and the testing of the psychometric properties of an instrument, Profiles of Occupational Engagement in people with Schizophrenia (POES), with the aim of helping to interpret and evaluate time-use diaries and thus providing a systematic description of status regarding occupational engagement. The first part of POES involves completion of time-use diaries and the second part, the assessment, is based on nine items that are rated on a four-point ordinal scale. The time-use diaries of 41 people with schizophrenia and the judgements from 12 occupational therapists were used in the study. A test of content validation involved experts from Sweden and the United Kingdom and resulted in two stages of revisions. The strength of agreement between two raters resulted in a mean weighted kappa of 0.70. Internal consistency was calculated for both raters separately and the alpha coefficients were 0.97 and 0.95. This study provides initial support for the content validity, interrater agreement and internal consistency of POES. Based on the judgements of the occupational therapists in this study, POES seems to have good clinical utility. However, further research on the clinical utility as well as the criterion validity of the construct is warranted.
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| 6. |
- Cederfeldt, Marie, 1957, et al.
(author)
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Concurrent validity of the Executive Function Performance Test in people with mild stroke
- 2011
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In: The British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 74:9, s. 443-449
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Studies have shown that executive dysfunction is common in adults after stroke. Occupational therapists working in acute care assess the performance of activities of daily living; most instruments focus on personal care. However, the assessment of instrumental activities of daily living has been shown to discriminate executive dysfunction more effectively. An instrument for assessing executive dysfunction in more complex activities that is easy to handle in acute care is consequently required for clinical use. The Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT) was recently introduced into Sweden. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concurrent validity of the EFPT in acute care for patients with mild stroke. Method: Twenty-three patients from an acute stroke unit were assessed with both the EFPT and the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS). Results: The correlation between the EFPT and the AMPS assessments was highly significant (p = 0.003) and the concurrent validity was rho = 0.61. Conclusion: Since there is a risk that adult patients with mild stroke are discharged without rehabilitation, and there is a lack of a relevant instrument for occupational therapists that discriminates executive dysfunction in acute stroke care, the EFPT may be a suitable instrument to use with these patients.
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| 7. |
- Cederfeldt, Marie, 1957, et al.
(author)
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Inter-rater reliability and face validity of the Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT)
- 2015
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In: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 78:9, s. 563-569
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Occupational therapists need an instrument to assess executive dysfunctions before patients are discharged from acute wards. The Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT) appears to be suitable, since it evaluates dysfunctions in complex activities. The aim of this study was to translate the EFPT from English into Swedish and to evaluate its properties when used with older persons with mild stroke in an acute setting. Method The study consisted of three parts: (1) a translation procedure using a forward and backward method; (2) evaluation of face validity; (3) inter-rater reliability by four raters (two pairs) who made 34 assessments in 17 older patients with mild stroke in an acute ward. Results The inter-rater reliability for the EFPT was good. The median was 88% of the percentage agreement. No occasional disagreement was found between the raters, but there was a systematic disagreement in one out of 20 items. The translation and face validity process resulted in further clarification of the semantic and cultural equivalence of the EFPT, and the manual was changed accordingly. Conclusion This study showed that inter-rater reliability was good and that the EFPT was found to be an interesting assessment, although further research is needed.
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| 8. |
- Dhas, Brightlin N., et al.
(author)
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Translation and initial validation of the occupational balance questionnaire to Arabic—Occupational Balance Questionnaire-A
- 2022
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In: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 85:7, s. 533-540
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IntroductionOccupational balance (OB) is related to many health indicators, including quality of life. The Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ11) was developed to measure OB, and to date, no Arabic translations of the questionnaire exist. The aim of the study was to describe the translation process of OBQ11 to Arabic and to evaluate its content validity, internal consistency, construct validity, and convergent validity.MethodsOBQ11 was translated to Arabic (OBQ11-A) following standard guidelines. Content validity feedback was obtained from ten Arabic-speaking occupational therapists and in a cognitive debriefing with seven volunteers. In addition, OBQ11-A and the Family Quality of Life Survey-2006 were administered to 67 Arabic-speaking participants from a larger study about OB among parents.ResultsHigh level of agreement was found on the content of OBQ11-A from the occupational therapists. Cognitive debriefing interviews indicated that OBQ11-A was easy to understand. Cronbach?s alpha for the total OBQ11-A score was 0.864 indicating good internal consistency. Exploratory factor analysis showed acceptable factor loadings for all items. The total scores showed positive statistically significant associations with Family Quality of Life Scores (r = 0.561, p < 0.001).ConclusionsOBQ11-A may prove useful for assessing OB in Arabic-speaking populations. Further research is needed to establish its reliability.
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| 9. |
- Egilson, Snaefridur, et al.
(author)
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School participation of pupils with physical and psychosocial limitations : a comparison
- 2009
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In: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 72:4, s. 144-152
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Several features in the school environment affect pupils with disabilities, serving as either supports or barriers to their school participation. The purpose of this study was to investigate and look for differences in the pupil-environment fit of students with physical and psychosocial limitations, using the School Setting Interview (SSI). The SSI is a client-centred instrument, which focuses on school activities where adjustments need to be made to accommodate pupils with disabilities and to enable their participation. Descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U tests were employed to compare the fit of the two groups and their school environment. The results reveal that, in order to participate actively, both groups of pupils required adjustments to many school settings. Pupils with physical limitations frequently need adjustments, but their needs were met by the schools to a more satisfactory extent than were the needs of pupils with psychosocial limitations. The findings support the usability of the SSI for pupils with various types of limitations. They also stress the importance of eliciting the perspectives of the pupils themselves in order to facilitate the planning and implementation of client-centred occupational therapy interventions in school.
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