| 1. |
- Yousefi, Mehdi, et al.
(författare)
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The skewed balance between regulatory T cells and Th17 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- 2015
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Ingår i: Future Oncology. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Oncology-Pathology. - 1479-6694 .- 1744-8301.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While Tregs maintain self-tolerance and inhibit antitumor responses, T helper (Th)17 cells may enhance inflammatory and antitumor responses. The balance between these two important T-cell subsets has been skewed in many immunopathologic conditions such as autoimmune and cancer diseases. B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common form of leukemia in the western world and is characterized with monoclonal expansion of B lymphocytes. There is evidence which implies that the progression of CLL is associated with expansion of Treg and downregulation of Th17 cells. In this review, we will discuss about immunobiology of Treg and Th17 cells and their role in immunopathogenesis of CLL as well as their reciprocal changes during disease progression.
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| 4. |
- Ansari, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Pancreatic cancer : Yesterday, today and tomorrow
- 2016
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Ingår i: Future Oncology. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1479-6694 .- 1744-8301. ; 12:16, s. 1929-1946
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pancreatic cancer is one of our most lethal malignancies. Despite substantial improvements in the survival rates for other major cancer forms, pancreatic cancer survival rates have remained relatively unchanged since the 1960s. Pancreatic cancer is usually detected at an advanced stage and most treatment regimens are ineffective, contributing to the poor overall prognosis. Herein, we review the current understanding of pancreatic cancer, focusing on central aspects of disease management from radiology, surgery and pathology to oncology.
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| 6. |
- Bergh, Anders
(författare)
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Characterization and functional role of the stroma compartment in prostate tumors.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Future Oncology. - London : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1479-6694 .- 1744-8301. ; 5:8, s. 1231-1235
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prostate tumors are composed of many cell types, yet the biological significances of the different nonepithelial cells have been largely overlooked. According to recent studies, however, the stroma, which constitutes a substantial part of the tumor volume, plays an important role during the initiation, progression, metastasis and metastatic growth of prostate cancers. To explore this further, Dakhova and co-workers compared gene expression in laser microdissected normal peripheral zone stroma with stroma in peripheral zone cancers (only those with reactive stroma grade 3). A total of 544 genes were upregulated and 606 genes downregulated in tumor stroma. The cancer stroma showed signs of formation of nerves, increased number of stem cells, and responses to DNA damage. Further studies are needed to explore the functional consequences of this, particularly the role of nerves. If these stroma changes can be used as prognostic markers, as targets for therapy, and if similar changes occur in metastases also need to be explored.
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| 7. |
- Bergkvist, Leif
(författare)
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Resolving the controversies surrounding lymphatic mapping in breast cancer
- 2008
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Ingår i: Future Oncology. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1479-6694 .- 1744-8301. ; 4:5, s. 681-688
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sentinel lymph node biopsy has rapidly become the standard of care in the primary treatment of breast cancer. Most of the initially identified potential contra indications towards the procedure, such as nonpalpability, large tumor size, pregnancy and being previously operated in the breast or axilla, have been ruled out, whereas multifocality represents an unsolved problem. There is no consensus about the best use of the technique in patients receiving neoadjuvant treatment. There is no place for sentinel lymph node biopsy in pure ductal carcinoma in situ, but it can be used for large high-grade in situ cancer diagnosed through core biopsy, especially if a mastectomy is planned. Morbidity is low, and the recurrence rates reported so far are reassuring. However, long-term results are lacking, and results from ongoing randomized trials are awaited.
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| 9. |
- Daniele, B, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of sorafenib dosing on outcome from the European patient subset of the GIDEON study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Future oncology (London, England). - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1744-8301 .- 1479-6694. ; 11:18, s. 2553-2562
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SUMMARY Aims: To evaluate sorafenib dosing and safety in the Global Investigation of therapeutic GIDEON study's European subpopulation. Patients & methods: Patient demographics, disease characteristics and treatment history were recorded at enrollment; dose, adverse events and efficacy were recorded at follow-up. Results: Of 1113 evaluable patients, 82% started on 800 mg/day sorafenib; patients starting on 400 mg/day were slightly older, had baseline characteristics indicative of greater disease progression and higher adverse events incidences (96 vs 88%). Treatment duration (18.0 vs 13.0 weeks) and median overall survival (12.1 vs 9.4 months) were longer in patients receiving 800 mg/day. Conclusion: Imbalances in independent predictive factors may have led to longer survival in patients receiving 800 mg/day sorafenib; nonetheless, results suggest that the majority can start on this dose.
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| 10. |
- Dansk, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
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Hexaminolevulinate hydrochloride blue-light flexible cystoscopy in the detection and follow-up of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer : cost consequences during outpatient surveillance in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Future Oncology. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1479-6694 .- 1744-8301. ; 12:8, s. 1025-1038
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: This study explored the cost consequences of introducing hexaminolevulinate hydrochloride-guided blue-light flexible cystoscopy (HAL BLFC) as an adjunct to white-light flexible cystoscopy compared with white-light flexible cystoscopy alone, for the detection and management of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer in Sweden.Methods: The model evaluated 231 patients in the outpatient setting after successful initial transurethral resection of the bladder tumor.Results: HAL BLFC introduction across all risk groups resulted in minimal budget impact (+ 1.6% total cost/5 years, or 189 Swedish Krona [SEK] per patient/year), and translated to cost savings in intermediate-and high-risk groups from year 2.Conclusion: HAL BLFC allowed more outpatient treatment with improved recurrence detection and reduced transurethral resection of the bladder tumors, cystectomies, bed days and operating room time, with minimal cost impact across all risk groups, demonstrating the economic benefits of introducing HAL.
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