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- Andersson, Sven Ingmar, et al.
(författare)
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Illness-related complaints in women with chronic widespread pain: importance of a contextual approach
- 2005
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Ingår i: Stress and Health. - : Wiley. - 1532-3005 .- 1532-2998. ; 21:4, s. 235-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study, comprising 125 sick-listed women aged 25-64 (m = 46.9 years) with widespread chronic pain, aimed at evaluating biopsychosocial problems as perceived by these women, studying such problems within a contextual framework, relating the findings to sociodemographic and medical data. Musculoskeletal complaints, fatigue, inability to work, sleep disturbances and uncertainty about the future were the problems, other than pain, most frequently reported. The women's written accounts of their musculoskeletal or somatic problems reflected being troubled by their unpaid household work and duties. Their psychological symptoms and social problems generally concerned paid work, unemployment or being on sick leave. The women's biomedical orientation appeared to be a function of their extended pharmaceutical and surgical treatment and their efforts to be recognized, particularly by insurance authorities, as clearly having a somatic disease. The study indicates the importance of a situational approach to gaining an understanding of illnesses in women with widespread pain. It is argued that, in a society accepting only medical grounds for sicklisting, physicians and other health care workers serve to reinforce a biomedical perspective in women suffering from biomedically 'unexplained' somatic symtoms, tending to result in medicalization, surgery and heavy use of pharmaceutical drugs.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Sven Ingmar, et al.
(författare)
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Short Communication: Counterfactual ('if only') thinking in women with chronic widespread pain
- 2006
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Ingår i: Stress and Health. - : Wiley. - 1532-3005 .- 1532-2998. ; 22:2, s. 121-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study explored the counterfactual thinking that women with chronic and widespread pain showed in response to what they themselves considered to be particularly stressful situations. Counterfactual thinking in 125 women sick-listed due to chronic and widespread pain was investigated in terms of structure, function and control focus. The women were asked, for each of three types of problems that they indicated in a questionnaire to affect them most strongly, to describe a typical occurrence of it and to complete a counterfactual sentence in connection with it of the type 'If only...'. The majority of counterfactuals pertained to predominantly somatic problems (e.g. musculo-skeletal problems, pain and fatigue) classified as being affective rather than preparative and self-focused rather than external, whereas in counterfactuals relating to predominantly psychological/psychosocial problems a preparative function and an external focus were more prominent. The numbers of problems listed and the numbers of situations responded to counterfactually were positively correlated. The counterfactuals, although often related to somatic problems, generally concerned psychological or psychosocial matters such as finances and paid or unpaid work. A contextual approach to elucidating counterfactual thinking based on subjects' own experiences is seen as providing valuable insight into what bothers them most. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 3. |
- Arble, Eamonn, et al.
(författare)
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A Model of First-responder Coping : An Approach/Avoidance Bifurcation
- 2017
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Ingår i: Stress and Health. - : WILEY. - 1532-3005 .- 1532-2998. ; 33:3, s. 223-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The work of first responders is fraught with numerous stressors, ranging from potentially traumatic critical incidents to institutional strains. The severity and pervasiveness of these difficulties prompt a necessary consideration of the coping methods employed by first responders. The present study developed an empirical model of first-responder coping strategies, based upon a nationally representative survey sample of 6240 first responders. Participants were drawn from Swedish first responders in the following occupations: coast guard, customs control, military, emergency medical services, fire department and police services. In the final model, exposure to stress related to well-being through several indirect paths that in sum accounted for the original direct relationship between these constructs. These several indirect paths were classified theoretically as either approach or avoidance coping behaviours or subsequent health outcomes. In general, approach coping behaviours were related to better well-being; and avoidance was related to a decrease in the outcome. The size of the present sample, as well as the diverse nature of the included first responders, suggests that the resulting model may offer a unique insight into potentially adaptive pathways for first-responder coping.
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| 5. |
- Brattberg, Gunilla
(författare)
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PTSD and ADHD: underlying factors in many cases of burnout
- 2006
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Ingår i: Stress and Health. - : Wiley. - 1532-3005 .- 1532-2998. ; 22:5, s. 305-313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To analyse the extent to which traumatic life events, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the neuropsychiatric disorder attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be contributors associated with burnout and the long-term sick leave that results from it. Subjects: Sixty-two individuals on long-term sick leave due to stress-related poor health and burnout, and 83 working individuals were screened for the presence of traumatic life events, PTSD and ADHD. Potential background factors involved in burnout were analysed using a multiple logistic regression. Results: Fifty-two per cent of those on long-term sick leave were judged to have PTSD and 24 per cent to have ADHD. The number of suspected/possible cases was even higher-71 per cent and 56 per cent, respectively. Nineteen per cent were judged to have both PTSD and ADHD; 56 per cent were judged to have PTSD andlor ADHD. PTSD, ADHD and traumatic life events in the form of sexual assault and severe human suffering were all strongly associated with both burnout and long-term sick leave. Conclusions: Since ADHD is almost never discussed and PTSD rarely so in the occupational rehabilitation of individuals with burnout, these results should act as a warning signal. Further studies are needed, however, including clinical examinations in order to establish with certainty if PTSD and ADHD can predict burnout followed by long-term sick leave.
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| 6. |
- Brattberg, Gunilla
(författare)
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Short communication: User friendly and 'useworthy' Stress Barometer
- 2006
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Ingår i: Stress and Health. - : Wiley. - 1532-3005 .- 1532-2998. ; 22:2, s. 105-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Stress Barometer, which includes stress symptoms, stress types, relationship stress and time stress, was developed as an easy-to-use instrument which provides a visual representation of the stress an individual is experiencing. The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability, validity and usefulness of the Stress Barometer. Reliability was tested using a test-retest procedure on 23 pain patients on long-term sick leave. To assess validity, the results of the instrument were compared to the results of the SF-36 Health Survey, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire administered to 112 pain and/or emotional exhaustion syndrome patients on long-term sick leave. Fifty directors who participated in a management leadership course focusing on stress also completed and evaluated the instrument. Reliability was high for most of the subscales included. The results of the validity test showed that the Stress Barometer correlates with the respondents' perceived experience of a variety of health aspects such as anxiety, depression as well as different aspects of burnout/emotional exhaustion. The Stress Barometer is quick to complete and it offers immediate feedback. The study demonstrates that the Stress Barometer is also usable and useworthy. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 7. |
- De Beer, Leon T., et al.
(författare)
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Job Burnout, Work Engagement and Self-reported Treatment for Health Conditions in South Africa
- 2016
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Ingår i: Stress and Health. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1532-3005 .- 1532-2998. ; 32:1, s. 36-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the study being reported here was to investigate the relationship of job burnout and work engagement with self-reported received treatment for health conditions (cardiovascular condition, high cholesterol, depression, diabetes, hypertension and irritable bowel syndrome), while controlling for age, gender, smoking and alcohol use. The sample comprised 7895 employees from a broad range of economic sectors in the South African working population. A cross-sectional survey design was used for the study. Structural equation modelling methods were implemented with a weighted least squares approach. The results showed that job burnout had a positive relationship with self-reported received treatment for depression, diabetes, hypertension and irritable bowel syndrome. Work engagement did not have any significant negative or positive relationships with the treatment for these health conditions. The results of this study make stakeholders aware of the relationship between job burnout, work engagement and self-reported treatment for health conditions. Evidence for increased reporting of treatment for ill-health conditions due to burnout was found. Therefore, attempts should be made to manage job burnout to prevent ill-health outcomes.
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| 8. |
- Ekelund, Marie-Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Dialysis-linked complaints and burdens of illness on patient and spouse as predictors of survival in end-stage renal disease patients with home hemodialysis: a 10-year follow-up study
- 2004
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Ingår i: Stress and Health. - : Wiley. - 1532-3005 .- 1532-2998. ; 20:1, s. 29-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Participants were 40 persons from a group of 44 end-stage renal disease patients in southern Sweden who in 1985 received home hemodialysis under the auspices of a hospital renal unit, together with their spouses (n = 35). At a 10-year follow-up, 15 of the patients had died and 25 had survived. Univariate log rank tests of the influence of physical and demographic factors, the patient's dialysis-linked complaints and the burdens of the illness indicated the most important predictors of 10-year survival to be the patient's age, severity of the illness, the patient's dialysis-linked complaints (notably that of itching), and the burdens of the patient's disease on the spouse (particularly burdens of a sexual character). Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.
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