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- Eller, Nanna H, et al.
(författare)
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Work-related psychosocial factors and the development of ischemic heart disease : a systematic review.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cardiology in review. - 1538-4683. ; 17:2, s. 83-97
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Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The literature on the relationship between work-related psychosocial factors and the development of ischemic heart disease (IHD) was systematically reviewed: 33 articles presented 51 analyses of studies involving male participants, 18 analyses involving female participants, and 8 analyses with both genders. Twenty of the studies originated in the Nordic countries, and the major dimensions of the Demand-Control Model were the focus of 23 articles. A balanced evaluation of the studies indicates moderate evidence that high psychologic demands, lack of social support, and iso-strain are risk factors for IHD among men. Studies performed during recent years have not shown evidence for lack of control as a risk factor for IHD. Several studies have shown that job strain is a risk factor, but in the more recent ones, these associations can be fully explained by the association between demands and disease risk. Insufficient evidence was found for a relationship between IHD and effort-reward imbalance, injustice, job insecurity, or long working hours. Studies involving women are too few to draw any conclusion concerning women, work stress, and IHD.
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| 3. |
- Svoboda, B. E., et al.
(författare)
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THE BOLOCAM GALACTIC PLANE SURVEY. XIV. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES of MASSIVE STARLESS and STAR-FORMING CLUMPS
- 2016
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 822:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We sort 4683 molecular clouds between 10° < ℓ < 65° from the Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey based on observational diagnostics of star formation activity: compact 70 μm sources, mid-IR color-selected YSOs, H2O and CH3OH masers, and UCH ii regions. We also present a combined NH3-derived gas kinetic temperature and H2O maser catalog for 1788 clumps from our own GBT 100 m observations and from the literature. We identify a subsample of 2223 (47.5%) starless clump candidates (SCCs), the largest and most robust sample identified from a blind survey to date. Distributions of flux density, flux concentration, solid angle, kinetic temperature, column density, radius, and mass show strong (>1 dex) progressions when sorted by star formation indicator. The median SCC is marginally subvirial (α ∼ 0.7) with >75% of clumps with known distance being gravitationally bound (α < 2). These samples show a statistically significant increase in the median clump mass of ΔM ∼ 170-370 M o from the starless candidates to clumps associated with protostars. This trend could be due to (i) mass growth of the clumps at M o Myr-1 for an average freefall 0.8 Myr timescale, (ii) a systematic factor of two increase in dust opacity from starless to protostellar phases, and/or (iii) a variation in the ratio of starless to protostellar clump lifetime that scales as ∼M -0.4. By comparing to the observed number of CH3OH maser containing clumps, we estimate the phase lifetime of massive (M > 103 M o) starless clumps to be 0.37 ± 0.08 Myr (M/103 M o)-1; the majority (M < 450 M o) have phase lifetimes longer than their average freefall time. © 2016. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
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