| 1. |
- Andershed, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Convergent validity of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI) - Association with the Psychopathy Checklist : Youth Version (PCL : YV)
- 2007
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Ingår i: Assessment (Odessa, Fla.). - : SAGE Publications. - 1073-1911 .- 1552-3489. ; 14:2, s. 144-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates the relationship between the self-report Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI) and the clinician-rated Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV). A representative sample of 92 girls and 70 boys, 12 to 20 years of age (mean age, 17 years), who received services at a clinic for adolescents with substance misuse problems, was studied. Moderate correlations (r =30-.51) were found between conceptually corresponding YPI and PCL: YV factor scores among both boys and girls, whereas correlations between individual subscales of the YPI and items of the PCL: YV were not as consistent. A cross-tabulation of groupings based on the three-factor models of the two instruments largely supported the categorical convergent validity of the YPI, particularly for low and high scorers. Although more studies with larger samples are needed, results indicate that the YPI is a cost-effective measure of psychopathic traits in adolescents in research settings.
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| 2. |
- Colins, Olivier F., et al.
(författare)
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Assessing Psychopathic Traits Among Children : The First Validation Study of the Child Problematic Traits Inventory in a Clinical Sample
- 2020
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Ingår i: Assessment (Odessa, Fla.). - : Sage Publications. - 1073-1911 .- 1552-3489. ; 27:6, s. 1242-1257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is the first study that tested the psychometric properties of the Child Problematic Traits Inventory (CPTI) in clinic-referred children (ages 6-13 years). Teachers ( N = 159) and parents ( N = 173) completed the CPTI and various other measures. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the CPTI's three-factor structure when teachers and parents rated the 28 CPTI items. Teacher- and parent-reported CPTI scores showed the expected relations with external correlates (e.g., conduct problems and proactive aggression). Crucially, the validity of the CPTI scores was also supported across informants (i.e., when linking teacher-reported CPTI scores to parent-reported external correlates, and vice versa) and across methods (i.e., regardless if a questionnaire or a diagnostic interview was used to measure external correlates). We conclude that the CPTI holds promise as a research tool for assessing psychopathic traits in clinic-referred children. Until our findings have been replicated and extended, the CPTI should not be used for clinical decision making.
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| 3. |
- Colins, Olivier F., et al.
(författare)
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Psychopathic-like traits among detained female adolescents : reliability and validity of the antisocial process screening device and the youth psychopathic traits inventory
- 2014
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Ingår i: Assessment (Odessa, Fla.). - : Sage Publications. - 1073-1911 .- 1552-3489. ; 21:2, s. 195-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Antisocial Process Screening Device-Self-Report (APSD-SR), the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI), and the YPI-Short Version (YPI-SV) in detained female adolescents aged 12 to 17 years. The proposed three-factor structure of the YPI and YPI-SV was replicated, whereas the proposed three-factor structure of the APSD-SR or alternate models did not yield adequate fit. Overall, reliability indices for the YPI and YPI-SV were higher than those reported for the APSD-SR. APSD-SR and YPI scales were positively related with each other, except the affective dimensions of the instruments. All questionnaires showed good criterion validity but the YPI's factor structure and reliability was superior to the APSD-SR. This superiority is not because of the larger number of items in the YPI, because we also demonstrated that the factor structure and reliability of the YPI-SV was better than that of the APSD-SR.
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| 4. |
- Colins, Olivier F., 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Psychopathic Traits in Early Childhood : Further Validation of the Child Problematic Traits Inventory
- 2017
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Ingår i: Assessment (Odessa, Fla.). - Thousand Oaks, USA : Sage Publications. - 1073-1911 .- 1552-3489. ; 24:5, s. 602-614
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to further test the reliability and validity of a newly developed instrument designed to assess psychopathic personality traits in children, the Child Problematic Traits Inventory (CPTI). Data from the Preschool Twin Study in Sweden were used, a national general population study of 5-year-old twins (n = 1,188, 50.3% girls). Both preschool teachers and parents were used as informants. Confirmatory factor analysis replicated the intended three-factorial structure of the 28 items of the CPTI. Overall, our findings demonstrated good internal consistency and convergent validity, with all the teacher-rated CPTI scores being associated with teacher and parent ratings of externalizing psychopathology, aggressive behavior, fearlessness, and prosocial peer involvement. In conclusion, the CPTI hold promise as a teacher-rated tool for assessing psychopathic traits in childhood, though more research is needed to see if these findings can be generalized to other countries, settings, and older children.
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| 5. |
- Cumming, T. B., et al.
(författare)
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The AVERT MoCA Data: Scoring Reliability in a Large Multicenter Trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: Assessment. - : SAGE Publications. - 1073-1911 .- 1552-3489. ; 27:5, s. 976-981
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a widely used cognitive screening tool in stroke. As scoring the visuospatial/executive MoCA items involves subjective judgement, reliability is important. Analyzing data on these items from A Very Early Rehabilitation Trial (AVERT), we compared the original scoring of assessors (n= 102) to blind scoring by a single, independent rater. In a sample of scoresheets from 1,119 participants, we found variable interrater reliability. The match between original assessors and the independent rater was the following: trail-making 97% (kappa = 0.94), cube copy 90% (kappa = 0.80), clock contour 92% (kappa = 0.49), clock numbers 89% (kappa = 0.67), and clock hands 72% (kappa = 0.46). For all items except clock contour, the independent rater was "stricter" than the original assessors. Discrepancies were typically errors in original scoring, rather than borderline differences in subjective judgement. In trials that include the MoCA, researchers should emphasize scoring rules to assessors and implement independent data checking, especially for clock hands, to maximize accuracy.
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| 6. |
- Douglas, K S, et al.
(författare)
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The personality assessment inventory as a proxy for the psychopathy checklist-revised - Testing the incremental validity and cross-sample robustness of the antisocial features scale
- 2007
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Ingår i: Assessment (Odessa, Fla.). - : SAGE Publications. - 1073-1911 .- 1552-3489. ; 14:3, s. 255-269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Personality Assessment Inventory's (PAI's) ability to predict psychopathic personality features, as assessed by the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R), was examined. To investigate whether the PAI Antisocial Features (ANT) Scale and subscales possessed incremental validity beyond other theoretically relevant PAI scales, optimized regression equations were derived in a sample of 281 Canadian federal offenders. ANT, or ANT-Antisocial Behavior (ANT-A), demonstrated unique variance in regression analyses predicting PCL-R total and Factor 2 (Lifestyle Impulsivity and Social Deviance) scores, but only the Dominance (DOM) Scale was retained in models predicting Factor I (Interpersonal and Affective Deficits). Attempts to cross-validate the regression equations derived from the first sample on a sample of 85 U.S. sex offenders resulted in considerable validity shrinkage, with the ANT Scale in isolation performing comparably to or better than the statistical models for PCL-R total and Factor 2 scores. Results offer limited evidence of convergent validity between the PAI and the PCL-R.
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| 7. |
- Douglas, S Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability and validity evaluation of the psychopathy checklist: Screening version (PCL : SV) in Swedish correctional and forensic psychiatric samples
- 2005
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Ingår i: Assessment. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-3489 .- 1073-1911. ; 12:2, s. 145-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study evaluated the structural reliability, construct-related validity, and cultural validity generalization of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV) in a sample of more than 560 male and female Swedish forensic psychiatric treatment patients, forensic evaluation patients, and criminal offenders. Structural reliability was excellent for most indices. PCL:SV scores were higher for males than females for total and Part 1 scores (interpersonal/affective features) but not for Part 2 (behavioral features). With some exceptions, PCL:SV scores were meaningfully related to aggression to others, a measure of risk for violence, substance use problems, personality disorder (positive), and psychosis (negative). Correlations between PCL:SV and aggression were larger for females than males, although the difference was smaller when personality disorder was held constant. The structural reliability and pattern of validity coefficients were comparable in these Swedish samples to other non-North American samples. Implications for the cross-cultural manifestation and correlates of psychopathy are discussed.
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| 8. |
- Edens, JF, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of interpersonal aggression and violence - Introduction to the special issue : Editorial
- 2006
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Ingår i: Assessment (Odessa, Fla.). - : SAGE Publications. - 1073-1911 .- 1552-3489. ; 13:3, s. 221-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Violence and interpersonal aggression are considered major public health problems throughout the world. Yet there is considerable variability in how these terms are operationalized, measured, and studied in the social sciences, which can lead to ambiguity and confusion in the field. In this introduction to the special issue, the authors highlight some of the difficulties inherent in studying interpersonal aggression and violence and briefly review the heterogeneous nature of the research conducted in this area. The authors conclude with a summary of the key findings of the articles that appear in this special issue.
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| 9. |
- Enebrink, P, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting aggressive and disruptive behavior in referred 6- to 12-year-old boys: prospective validation of the EARL-20B risk/needs checklist
- 2006
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Ingår i: Assessment. - : SAGE Publications. - 1073-1911 .- 1552-3489. ; 13:3, s. 356-367
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors investigated the predictive and incremental validity of the Early Assessment Risk List for boys (EARL-20B; Augimeri, Koegl, Webster, & Levene, 2001), a structured clinical checklist designed for the professional judgment of risk for aggressive and disruptive behaviors and risk/needs factor-based management of this risk. Seventy-six boys consecutively referred to child psychiatric outpatient clinics in mid-Sweden were evaluated according to the EARL-20B and with independent (not EARL-20B-based) clinical evaluations. The participants were prospectively followed after 6 and 30 months. EARL- 20B-based assessments were positively and moderately associated with aggressive (reactive and proactive aggression) and disruptive behavior (conduct problems and DSM-IV Conduct Disorder) at both subsequent evaluations. Clinical evaluations made without the instrument were not as consistently associated with outcome. Incremental predictive validity over unstructured clinical evaluations and Conduct Disorder at baseline suggested promising clinical utility. The checklist might be used to support clinical decision making for referred boys at risk for continued antisocial behavior.
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| 10. |
- Falkenström, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Patient Version of the Working Alliance Inventory-Short Form Revised
- 2015
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Ingår i: Assessment (Odessa, Fla.). - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC. - 1073-1911 .- 1552-3489. ; 22:5, s. 581-593
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The working alliance concerns the quality of collaboration between patient and therapist in psychotherapy. One of the most widely used scales for measuring the working alliance is the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI). For the patient-rated version, the short form developed by Hatcher and Gillaspy (WAI-SR) has shown the best psychometric properties. In two confirmatory factor analyses of the WAI-SR, approximate fit indices were within commonly accepted norms, but the likelihood ratio chi-square test showed significant ill-fit. The present study used Bayesian structural equations modeling with zero mean and small variance priors to test the factor structure of the WAI-SR in three different samples (one American and two Swedish; N = 235, 634, and 234). Results indicated that maximum likelihood confirmatory factor analysis showed poor model fit because of the assumption of exactly zero residual correlations. When residual correlations were estimated using small variance priors, model fit was excellent. A two-factor model had the best psychometric properties. Strong measurement invariance was shown between the two Swedish samples and weak factorial invariance between the Swedish and American samples. The most important limitation concerns the limited knowledge on when the assumption of residual correlations being small enough to be considered trivial is violated.
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