| 1. |
- Muscio, Alessandro, et al.
(author)
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The Effects of the Academic Environment on PhD Entrepreneurship : New Insights from Survey Data
- 2022
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In: University-Industry Knowledge Interactions. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2197-5884 .- 1572-1922. - 9783030846688 ; 52, s. 179-199
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper investigates PhD entrepreneurship. We focus on the university factors most closely associated to: (1) students’ success in starting a business venture; (2) students’ startup intention; (3) students’ abandoning the entrepreneurial idea. The empirical analysis is based on data from a questionnaire survey, administered in 2016 in Italy. We focus on four factors related to the university entrepreneurial environment: (1) university entrepreneurship policy frameworks; (2) PhD orientation to business problems; (3) entrepreneurship training; (4) PhD lab reputation. We find that the academic environment can have a fundamental impact on students’ decisions to start new ventures and on their entrepreneurial attitude.
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| 2. |
- Cruz-Amarán, Damaris, et al.
(author)
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Technology Transfer Policy Framework at Cuban Universities
- 2021
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In: International Studies in Entrepreneurship. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1572-1922 .- 2197-5884. ; 51, s. 291-307
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Cuban university has strengthened its scientific connections with the various social, political, and productive stakeholders. Technology transfer policies have been shaped by historical-economic-social contexts, public policies, and endogenous transformations. Indeed, technology transfer policy frameworks are part of a broader legislative framework for science, technology, and innovation in many economies. Over the last decades, the Cuban government has promoted, regulated, and stimulated the technology transfer framework. However, little is known about the policy framework’s effectiveness. Inspired by this gap, this chapter analyzes the technology transfer policy framework’s evolutionary process in Cuba. This chapter reviews the technology transfer policies framework, the university technology transfer, and the socio-economic transformation during the last three decades (1990–2020) by adopting a retrospective longitudinal. Results suggest that implementing the technology transfer framework should be more proactive and consistent with all participants’ orientation to strengthen innovative companies and expand the public policy framework to the management level of Science, Technology and Innovation System (STIS).
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| 3. |
- Guerrero, Maribel, et al.
(author)
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Academic Tendencies in Policy Frameworks for Fostering Entrepreneurial Innovations
- 2021
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In: International Studies in Entrepreneurship. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1572-1922 .- 2197-5884. ; 51, s. 3-20
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter provides a better understanding of the theoretical, managerial, and policy implications of entrepreneurial innovation policies. By examining the accumulation of literature published from 1970 to 2019, this chapter clarifies the definition of entrepreneurial innovations and the policy frameworks’ role in fostering this phenomenon worldwide. We conclude by outlining an agenda for additional research on this topic and implications for different stakeholders.
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| 4. |
- Hallonsten, Olof, et al.
(author)
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Innovationism and the New Public Intellectuals
- 2024
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In: Moonshots and the New Industrial Policy: Questioning the Mission Economy. - 2197-5884 .- 1572-1922. ; 56
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Public intellectuals were once honest and knowledgeable academics who engaged in critical debate and spoke truth to power, but seem today rather to be celebrities who make vast amounts of money from selling an oversimplified message to policymakers and the public. This chapter discusses the role of the new public intellectuals for the rise of oversimplified and misguided innovation policy, both in the wider context of the recent spread of the ideology of “innovationism” and with specific attention to the sociological mechanisms involved. With the help of a conceptual discussion and some key examples, the chapter issues some warnings of what might happen when public intellectuals give up essential virtues of academic work in favor of fame and fortune, and the role they can then come to play in the spread of “innovationism” and misdirected innovation policy agendas.
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| 5. |
- Marozau, Radzivon, et al.
(author)
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Evolution of Technology Transfer in Belarus : Two Parallel Dimensions in a Post-Soviet Country
- 2021
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In: International Studies in Entrepreneurship. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2197-5884 .- 1572-1922. ; 51, s. 269-290
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter explores the development of knowledge and technology transfer policies in Belarus during the post-Soviet period. Based on the literature and data analysis, we discuss important patterns of knowledge and technology transfer processes. Our findings demonstrate that state interventions in science and technology have had a marginal effect on private enterprises’ innovative performance but have supported large state-owned enterprises in preserving their manufacturing potential. In this regard, one of the most relevant implications for policymakers in the field of science, technology, and innovation is that the policy and its enforcement should encourage state research organizations and private enterprises and support infrastructure to collaborate, creating a synergy for innovation ecosystem development.
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| 6. |
- Yáñez-Valdés, Claudia, et al.
(author)
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Technology Transfer Policy Framework in Chile
- 2021
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In: International Studies in Entrepreneurship. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2197-5884 .- 1572-1922. ; 51, s. 103-113
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Technological environments provide multiple conditions for the development of technology-based business and intellectual properties. Over the last decades, the Chilean government has designed/implemented a technology, innovation, and entrepreneurship policy framework. This chapter analyzes the technology transfer policy framework’s evolutionary process and its effectiveness. This chapter adopts a retrospective longitudinal analysis. Our findings provide some insights into the outcomes and challenges regarding technology transfer practices in Chile.
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| 7. |
- Batbaatar, Maral, et al.
(author)
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The state of the entrepreneurial state : Empirical evidence of mission-led innovation projects around the globe
- 2024
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In: Moonshots and the new industrial policy. - Cham : Springer. - 1572-1922. - 9783031491955 - 9783031491986 - 9783031491962 - 3031491955 - 303149198X - 3031491963 ; , s. 125-143
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This chapter reviews theoretical rationales for mission-oriented innovation policy and provides an empirical overview of extant 28 papers and 49 cases on the topic. We synthetize varieties of mission formulations, actors involved, and characteristics of missions described as more or less failed or successful. Fifty-nine percent of the studied missions are still ongoing, 33 percent are considered successful, and 8 percent as failures. Sixty-seven percent of the studied missions have taken place in Europe, 24 percent in North America, and 8 percent in Asia. The majority of innovation projects referred to as missions do not fulfill the criteria defined by the OECD. Results suggest that missions related to technological or agricultural innovations are more often successful than broader types of missions aimed at social or ecological challenges. Challenges regarding the governance and evaluation of missions remain unresolved in the literature. We find no case that contains a cost-benefit analysis or takes opportunity cost into account.
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| 8. |
- Bergkvist, John-Erik, et al.
(author)
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Third-Generation Innovation Policy : System Transformation or Reinforcing Business as Usual?
- 2022
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In: Questioning the Entrepreneurial State. - Cham : Springer. - 1572-1922. - 9783030942724 - 9783030942755 - 9783030942731 ; , s. 201-217
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There has been a shift in innovation policy in recent years toward more focus on systemic transformation and changed directionality. In this chapter, we describe a collection of challenges that such policies need to address. Based on a review of dominant frameworks regarding socio-technical transitions, we compare these theories with examples of innovation policy in different countries. Systemic transformation across an economy usually requires a process of creative destruction in which new competencies may be required, actors need to be connected in novel ways, and institutions may need to be changed. Our empirical illustrations show that support programs and initiatives across Europe do not always seem to result in such a process, as they include mechanisms favoring large, established firms and universities. These actors have often fine-tuned their activities and capabilities to the existing order, and therefore have few incentives to engage in renewal. As the incumbent actors also control superior financial and relational resources, there is a risk that they captivate innovation policies and thus reinforce established structures rather than contributing to systemic transformation.
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| 9. |
- Björnemalm, Rickard, et al.
(author)
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A public choice perspective on mission-oriented innovation policies and the behavior of government agencies
- 2024
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In: Moonshots and the new industrial policy. - Cham : Springer. - 1572-1922. - 9783031491955 - 9783031491986 - 9783031491962 - 3031491955 - 303149198X - 3031491963 ; , s. 213-234
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Mission-oriented innovation policies put government and state agencies at the forefront of the innovation process. Currently, little is known about the interests of the government agencies in charge of implementing mission-oriented innovation policies. In this chapter, we set out to explore the incentives and behavior of such government agencies. We do so by analyzing 33 annual reports from three government agencies in charge of implementing innovation policies in Sweden over a 10-year period: Sweden’s Innovation Agency (Vinnova), the Swedish Energy Agency (Energimyndigheten), and the Swedish Agency for Regional and Economic Growth (Tillväxtverket). First, we track all cases in these annual reports where an evaluation is mentioned. Identifying 654 instances, we subsequently make a sentiment analysis and code whether these statements are positive, neutral, or negative. Our findings show that 84% of these instances are positive, 12% are neutral, and 4% are negative. Second, we relate these results to more critical evaluations and show that these agencies often ignore research that generates more critical results. In sum, our results suggest that government agencies in charge of implementing mission-oriented policies benefit from the enlarged role they are given and that they act according to their own self-interest.
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| 10. |
- Brattström, Anna
(author)
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Cultural ideals in the entrepreneurship industry
- 2022
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In: Questioning the Entrepreneurial State : Status-quo, Pitfalls, and the Need for Credible Innovation Policy - Status-quo, Pitfalls, and the Need for Credible Innovation Policy. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1572-1922. - 9783030942724 - 9783030942731 ; , s. 133-133
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As both public and private organizations are spending resources on fostering entrepreneurship, we have witnessed the emergence of an entrepreneurship industry. Using the entrepreneurship industry in Sweden as a case and example, this chapter provides an explorative analysis the emergence, manifestations and consequences of cultural ideals within this industry. The analysis reveals how the entrepreneurship industry is not only a producer of goods and services for opportunity discovery and development; but also, a producer of entrepreneurship culture. Moreover, how the production and consumption of entrepreneurship culture can lead to problems of inefficiency and discrimination, problems which ultimately hampers the entrepreneurial output that the industry is supposed to produce.
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