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- Ahlberg, Emelie, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of five column-based isolation kits and their ability to extract miRNA from human milk
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (Print). - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 1582-1838 .- 1582-4934. ; 25:16, s. 7973-7979
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MicroRNA can be found in various body fluids, including breast milk. MicroRNA may be transferred from mother to infant via breast milk and potentially regulate the development of the infant's immune system on a post-transcriptional level. This study aimed to determine the microRNA extraction efficiency of five RNA extraction kits from human skim milk samples. Their efficiency was determined by comparing microRNA concentrations, total RNA yield and purity. Furthermore, hsa-miR-148a-3p expression and the recovery of an exogenous control, cel-miR-39-3p, were quantified using qPCR. Each kit extracted different amounts of microRNA and total RNA, with one kit tending to isolate the highest amount of both RNA species. Based on these results, the extraction kit ReliaPrep™ miRNA Cell and Tissue Miniprep System from Promega was found to be the most appropriate kit for microRNA extraction from human skim milk. Moreover, further research is needed to establish a standardized protocol for microRNA extraction from breast milk.
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| 3. |
- Arbyn, Marc, et al.
(författare)
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Triage of women with equivocal or low-grade cervical cytology results: a meta-analysis of the HPV test positivity rate
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1582-1838 .- 1582-4934. ; 13:4, s. 648-659
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Methods Results Discussion Conclusion Consistent evidence underlines the utility of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing in the management of women with equivocal cervical cytological abnormalities, but not in case of low-grade lesions. We performed a meta-analysis including studies where the high-risk probe of the Hybrid Capture-II is used to triage these two cytological categories. The triage test-positivity rate reflects the colposcopy referral workload.Data were pooled on the HPV test positivity rate in women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS/ASC-US) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), derived from different cytological classification systems. The meta-analysis was restricted to studies, published between 1991 and 2007. A random-effect model was applied for meta-analytical pooling and the influence of covariates on the HPV positivity rate was analyzed by meta-regression. The variation by age was assessed within individual studies since age strata were not defined uniformly. On an average, 43% (95% CI: 40-46%) of women with ASCUS/ASC-US were high-risk HPV positive (range 23-74%). In women with LSIL, the pooled positivity rate was 76% (95% CI: 71-81%; range 55-89%). In spite of considerable inter-study heterogeneity, the difference in HPV positivity between the two triage groups was large and highly significant: 32% (95% CI: 27-38%). HPV rates dropped tremendously as age and cutoffs of test positivity increased. Other factors (cytological classification system, country, continent, collection method and year of publication) had no statistically significant impact, except in LSIL triage where HPV positivity was significantly lower in European compared to American studies. Women with LSIL, especially younger women, have high HPV positivity rates suggesting limited utility of reflex HPV triaging these cases. Research is needed to identify more specific methods to triage women with low-grade squamous cervical lesions.
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| 4. |
- Arvidson, K., et al.
(författare)
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Bone regeneration and stem cells
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (Print). - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1582-1838 .- 1582-4934. ; 15:4, s. 718-746
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Bone fracture healing and healing problems Biomaterial scaffolds and tissue engineering in bone formation Bone tissue engineering Biomaterial scaffolds Synthetic scaffolds Micro- and nanostructural properties of scaffolds Conclusion Mesenchymal stem cells and osteogenesis Bone tissue Origin of osteoblasts Isolation and characterization of bone marrow derived MSC In vitro differentiation of MSC into osteoblast lineage cells In vivo differentiation of MSC into bone Factors and pathways controlling osteoblast differentiation of hMSC Defining the relationship between osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation from MSC MSC and sex hormones Effect of aging on osteoblastogenesis Conclusion Embryonic, foetal and adult stem cells in osteogenesis Cell-based therapies for bone Specific features of bone cells needed to be advantageous for clinical use Development of therapeutic biological agents Clinical application concerns Conclusion Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), growth factors and osteogenesis PRP effects in vitro on the cells involved in bone repair PRP effects on osteoblasts PRP effects on osteoclasts PRP effects on endothelial cells PRP effects in vivo on experimental animals The clinical use of PRP for bone repair Non-union Distraction osteogenesis Spinal fusion Foot and ankle surgery Total knee arthroplasty Odontostomatology and maxillofacial surgery Conclusion Molecular control of osteogenesis TGF-beta signalling FGF signalling IGF signalling PDGF signalling MAPK signalling pathway Wnt signalling pathway Hedgehog signalling Notch signalling Ephrin signalling Transcription factors regulating osteoblast differentiation Conclusion Summary This invited review covers research areas of central importance for orthopaedic and maxillofacial bone tissue repair, including normal fracture healing and healing problems, biomaterial scaffolds for tissue engineering, mesenchymal and foetal stem cells, effects of sex steroids on mesenchymal stem cells, use of platelet-rich plasma for tissue repair, osteogenesis and its molecular markers. A variety of cells in addition to stem cells, as well as advances in materials science to meet specific requirements for bone and soft tissue regeneration by addition of bioactive molecules, are discussed.
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| 5. |
- Backman, Ludvig J, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Akt-mediated anti-apoptotic effects of substance P in Anti-Fas-induced apoptosis of human tenocytes
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (Print). - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1582-1838 .- 1582-4934. ; 17:6, s. 723-733
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Substance P (SP) and its receptor, the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1 R), are expressed by human tenocytes, and they are both up-regulated incases of tendinosis, a condition associated with excessive apoptosis. It is known that SP can phosphorylate/activate the protein kinase Akt,which has anti-apoptotic effects. This mechanism has not been studied for tenocytes. The aims of this study were to investigate if Anti-Fastreatment is a good apoptosis model for human tenocytes in vitro, if SP protects from Anti-Fas-induced apoptosis, and by which mechanismsSP mediates an anti-apoptotic response. Anti-Fas treatment resulted in a time- and dose-dependent release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), i.e.induction of cell death, and SP dose-dependently reduced the Anti-Fas-induced cell death through a NK-1 R specific pathway. The same trendwas seen for the TUNEL assay, i.e. SP reduced Anti-Fas-induced apoptosis via NK-1 R. In addition, it was shown that SP reduces Anti-Fas-induced decrease in cell viability as shown with crystal violet assay. Protein analysis using Western blot confirmed that Anti-Fas inducescleavage/activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of PARP; both of which were inhibited by SP via NK-1 R. Finally, SP treatment resulted in phosphorylation/activation of Akt as shown with Western blot, and it was confirmed that the anti-apoptotic effect of SP was, at least partly, inducedthrough the Akt-dependent pathway. In conclusion, we show that SP reduces Anti-Fas-induced apoptosis in human tenocytes and that this antiapoptoticeffect of SP is mediated through NK-1 R and Akt-specific pathways.
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| 6. |
- Baran, M, et al.
(författare)
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SURVIVIN IS AN ESSENTIAL MEDIATOR OF ARTHRITIS INTERACTING WITH UROKINASE SIGNALLING.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of cellular and molecular medicine. - : Wiley. - 1582-4934 .- 1582-1838. ; 13:9B, s. 3797-3808
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT Proto-oncogene survivin has recently been identified as a prognostic marker distinguishing patients with destructive rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the present material of 132 RA patients and 82 controls the levels of survivin correlated to urokinase (uPA) (r=0.46), a plasminogen activator over expressed in inflamed joints and known to exhibit potent arthritogenic properties. Here we evaluate the functional relationship between these proteins using primary synovial fibroblasts and leukocytes of RA patients, human monocytic (THP-1) and fibroblast (MRC-5) cell lines. Using inhibitors of intracellular signalling we show that uPA and survivin share common transduction pathways being in synovial fibroblasts dependent on the activity of tyrosine kinases, PI3-kinase and MEK. Moreover, uPA production is significantly reduced in fibroblasts if survivin synthesis has been silenced by siRNA. Importantly, silencing of survivin in fibroblasts prevented their invasive growth in knee joints of SCID mice. Interaction of uPA with receptor up regulates survivin expression in leukocytes. In turn, survivin is required for the upregulation of uPA receptor on cell surface. These findings indicate that survivin is an essential mediator of arthritogenic properties of uPA regulating its synthesis in synovial fibroblasts and uPAR expression in leukocytes. Close correlation between survivin and uPA levels in patients with RA supports the importance of this connection for the pathogenesis of arthritis.
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| 7. |
- Bari, Muhammad R., et al.
(författare)
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H2O2-induced Ca2+ influx and its inhibition by N-(p-amylcinnamoyl) anthranilic acid in the beta-cells : involvement of TRPM2 channels
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (Print). - : Wiley. - 1582-1838 .- 1582-4934. ; 13:9B, s. 3260-3267
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Type 2 melastatin-related transient receptor potential channel (TRPM2), a member of the melastatin-related TRP (transient receptor potential) subfamily is a Ca(2+)-permeable channel activated by hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). We have investigated the role of TRPM2 channels in mediating the H(2)O(2)-induced increase in the cytoplasmic free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in insulin-secreting cells. In fura-2 loaded INS-1E cells, a widely used model of beta-cells, and in human beta-cells, H(2)O(2) increased [Ca(2+)](i), in the presence of 3 mM glucose, by inducing Ca(2+) influx across the plasma membrane. H(2)O(2)-induced Ca(2+) influx was not blocked by nimodipine, a blocker of the L-type voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels nor by 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, a blocker of several TRP channels and store-operated channels, but it was completely blocked by N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid (ACA), a potent inhibitor of TRPM2. Adenosine diphosphate phosphate ribose, a specific activator of TRPM2 channel and H(2)O(2), induced inward cation currents that were blocked by ACA. Western blot using antibodies directed to the epitopes on the N-terminal and on the C-terminal parts of TRPM2 identified the full length TRPM2 (TRPM2-L), and the C-terminally truncated TRPM2 (TRPM2-S) in human islets. We conclude that functional TRPM2 channels mediate H(2)O(2)-induced Ca(2+) entry in beta-cells, a process potently inhibited by ACA.
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