| 1. |
- Al-Faraj, Furat, et al.
(författare)
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Technical support framework for sustainable management of transboundary water resources
- 2019
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Ingår i: Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. - 1582-9596. ; 18:3, s. 707-718
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainable management of transboundary rivers, especially in water-scarce regions is increasingly becoming more challenging due to the collective adverse impact of upstream development and climate change on transboundary scale. Two major tributaries of the Tigris River, the Diyala (Sīrvān) and the Lesser Zab River basins, are shared between Iraq and Iran. They were adopted as representative basins for a large number of transboundary rivers, where short-sighted perspectives are currently ruling their management policies. Climate change is anticipated to lead to greater frequency and intensity of droughts, and higher tension is likely to emerge. The authors developed a technical support framework (TSF) that helps decision-making to alleviate the combined negative impact of climate change at basin scale and upstream human-induced impairments. The TSF encompasses six key measures: (1) cross-sectoral trade-offs; (2) improved water-use efficiency and reduction of losses; (3) development of a sound groundwater planning policy; (4) cutbacks in demand while maintaining environmental flow in the river; (5) inter-and intra-basin water transfer systems; and (6) quantification of current supply-demand gaps and sizing a future gaps. The framework supports the sustainable management of water resources in both Diyala and Lesser Zab basins as well as others in common river catchments. The recommendation is that a lower riparian country should put in place measures such as increasing water-use efficiency, rehabilitation of damaged and deteriorated irrigation facilities, and inter-and intra-basin water transfer arrangements to reduce the gap between growing water demands and corresponding supplies.
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| 2. |
- Alzeyadi, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Performance investigation of furnace bottom ash as a filter media for phosphate removal
- 2020
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Ingår i: Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. - Romania : "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical Universtiy of Iasi. - 1582-9596 .- 1843-3707. ; 19:4, s. 643-653
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates the capability of furnace bottom ash (FBA) as a filter media for phosphorus removal from wastewater effluents. Lab-scale studies were conducted, in which a mass of FBA was brought into contact with the phosphate solution (a predominant form of phosphorus in wastewater) in batch experiments and lab-scale filter. Intraparticle Diffusion Model (IPD) was applied and revealed that the mechanism of phosphate adsorption onto FBA consist of three phases; film phase occurred in the external surface and intraparticle diffusion phases take place in the wide pores and microspores. A Point Zero Charge (PZC) study was conducted and indicated that the FBA acts as anion exchanger and develops negative charge when the pH more than 9. Based on the PZC outcomes the FBA efficiency was regenerated by two washing methods (continuous and intermittent) with deionized water solution at pH 9.5 and 10. The intermittent washing method gave better results as the FBA regenerate 95% of its efficiency. FBA was achieved the phosphate permissible limit (0.1 mg/L) in synthetic solution at 150 min. While, in real wastewater sample was achieved it in 180 min. The FBA washing method based on PZC can be adopted as a strategy for absorbents efficiency regeneration and phosphorus recovery.
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| 3. |
- Boutin, Jean Philippe, et al.
(författare)
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Alternative energy sources in transition countries. The case of bio-energy in the Ukraine
- 2006
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Ingår i: Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. - 1582-9596. ; 5:3, s. 471-486
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the transition to a market economy, many countries with a planned economy in Central and Eastern Europe face similar challenges when the established socio-economic systems and infrastructures deemed inefficient in a market economy. Also new issues are being raised by the trends of globalization and the vision of sustainable development. In the energy sector the challenges raised by the Kyoto Protocol and its implementation mechanisms are especially interesting, because they are intertwined with other socioeconomic sectors. This paper addresses the challenges in the energy sector for transition countries, taking the case of bio-energy in the Ukraine as a prime example of a country undergoing major changes in its economic structures. Given the large potential for bio-energy development in the Ukraine, the current dependence on imported energy resources which threatens the Ukraine’s energy security, and the economic, social and environmental benefits associated with bio-energy, this paper investigates drivers and barriers to an increased use of bio-energy in the Ukraine. The paper was written by a group of MSc students of the International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics at Lund University during a field trip to Kiev city and the Lviv region in Ukraine. The field trip has been supported by the Swedish Institute.
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| 4. |
- Brandimarte, Luigia, et al.
(författare)
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Bridge pier scour : A review of processes, measurements and estimates
- 2012
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Ingår i: Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. - : OAIMDD - EcoZone Publishing House. - 1582-9596 .- 1843-3707. ; 11:5, s. 975-989
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scouring of piers and abutment has been recognized as the main cause of damage and failure of bridges over waterways. The scientific community has produced a number of studies addressing the complex characteristics of the scour process and has provided engineers with several techniques for the estimate of the maximum expected scour depth at a bridge site. Nevertheless, the prediction of scour depths is affected by many sources of uncertainty, such as observation uncertainty, parameter uncertainty, and structural uncertainty. Only a few studies have recently tried to estimate the uncertainty associated to the scour depth prediction. This paper offers a broad review of the main aspects to be taken into account when analyzing bridge pier scour: 1) processes: to better understand the dynamics triggering pier scour, an analysis of the type of scour occurring at bridge piers, the most influencing factors, failure mechanisms and local pier scour dynamics is carried out; 2) measurements: one of the main difficulties faced in the real world practice is scour data collection; this session reviews the latest techniques available for the measurements of the scour depth at bridge piers; 3) estimates: this session critically reviews different approaches the scientific literature has offered for the estimate of the maximum local scour depth and discusses the difficulty to address uncertainty in the estimates. This review is meant to be a useful reference for scientists and technicians dealing with the bridge pier scour issue.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Budeanu, Adriana, et al.
(författare)
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Voluntary Environmental Reporting in Romania
- 2006
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Ingår i: Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. - 1582-9596. ; 5:3, s. 487-509
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedToday, thousands of leading companies issue voluntary environmental, CSR or sustainability reports with Europe holding more than 50 per cent of all reports published world-wide. It seems like voluntary reporting is here to stay for the time being. In contrast to the development and implementation of such practices in Western Europe, we do not have much knowledge about the situation of reporting in transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe. Furthermore, besides the cultural differences, little is known about how eastern companies perceive the value of environmental and social reporting. Identifying this gap in the literature this paper aims to bring some clarification on the issue, by performing an exploratory investigation of Romanian companies. As findings indicate, despite the incipient stages of public disclosure of environmental information, Romanian enterprises are ready to catch up with Western practices.
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| 7. |
- Gabitsinashvili, George, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of artificial neural network techniques for river flow forecasting
- 2007
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Ingår i: Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. - 1582-9596 .- 1843-3707. ; 6:1, s. 37-43
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- River runoff forecasting is one of the most complex areas of research in hydrology because of the uncertainty of hydrological and meteorological parameters and scarcity of adequate records. Artificial neural networks (ANN) can be an efficient way of modeling stream flow processes as it is capable of controlling and modelling nonlinear and complex systems and does not require describing the complex nature of the hydrological processes. In this study, daily river flow is forecasted using two ANN models: a Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) network and a Radial Basis Function (RBF) Network. The ANN technique was applied to predict runoff in three mountain rivers in Georgia. The results show that ANNs can be successfully applied to forecast runoff using rainfall time series for the studied sub-catchments. A comparative study of both networks indicates that RBF models require little background knowledge of ANNs and need less time for development.
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| 8. |
- Hansson, Lars
(författare)
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Municipal pricing of water considering that water is both an economic and a social good - A pricing reform with implications for Romania
- 2007
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Ingår i: Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. - 1843-3707 .- 1582-9596. ; 6:5, s. 391-400
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the basic principles in the European policy to cope with the growing challenge of water scarcity is that water demand management should be considered before opting for additional water infrastructure. Die implication of this is that water must be treated as an economic good, which means that the "user's pays' principle" has to be implemented, At the same time there is much political consensus that the water price has to be "equitable". Water can be subsidized without violating the most fundamental economic principle, a price which gives the right incentives to economize with water use. That is marginal cost pricing, combined with a block tariff subsidizing the "basic" water needs, or by addressing the poor households directly, with income support such as water stamps or concession cards.
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| 9. |
- Huisingh, Donald
(författare)
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Emerging academic responsibilities and opportunities for promoting regional sustainability
- 2007
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Ingår i: Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. - 1582-9596 .- 1843-3707. ; 6:5, s. 357-361
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Academics have had numerous responsibilities during the centuries. However, now with global climate changes and the attendant, looming crises, it is increasingly crucial that administrators, faculty members, graduate, undergraduate students, staff members and alumni work together with governmental.. non-governmental and industrial members in envisioning, societies that are truly sustainable. The visions must then be effectively and efficiently implemented in numerous locations throughout the world in regionally adapted societal experiments that will help to ensure that our children's, children's, children's children and beyond will enjoy this wonderful planet. The UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (DESD) is an excellent framework within which academics can increasingly work to make the dramatic changes that are urgently needed. The DESD can then be implemented in the context of the The U.N. Millennium Development Goals" (MDG) and the "Earth Charter" as further framing and challenging inputs to guide our education, research and outreach that will help to ensure sustainable cities and regions within the global context.
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| 10. |
- Leire, Charlotte
(författare)
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The application of green purchasing tools in the corporate sector
- 2006
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Ingår i: Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. - 1582-9596. ; 5:5, s. 1159-1179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedAll types of organizations are under increasing pressure to integrate green considerations in their purchasing practices. A number of tools aimed for the practitioners have been developed in response to their new challenges. However, the application of such tools among private firms is not well known, and one important question is how well the tools correspond with practitioners’ needs. This paper discusses the many dimensions of various purchasing activities and the range of environmental requirements that are possible for practitioners to apply in the purchasing process. The paper also provides an initial overview of the current application of available green purchasing tools. The findings point to a lack of a systematic application of different tools among firms.
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