| 1. |
- Kuster, Roman P, et al.
(författare)
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Detecting Prolonged Sitting Bouts with the ActiGraph GT3X.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - Stockholm : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 30:3, s. 572-582
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ActiGraph has a high ability to measure physical activity, however, it lacks an accurate posture classification to measure sedentary behaviour. The aim of the present study was to develop an ActiGraph (waist-worn, 30Hz) posture classification to detect prolonged sitting bouts, and to compare the classification to proprietary ActiGraph data. The activPAL, a highly valid posture classification device, served as reference criterion.1 Both sensors were worn by 38 office workers over a median duration of 9 days. An automated feature selection extracted the relevant signal information for a minute based posture classification. The machine-learning algorithm with optimal feature number to predict the time in prolonged sitting bouts (≥5 and ≥10 minutes) was searched and compared to the activPAL using Bland-Altman statistics. The comparison included optimised and frequently used cut-points (100 and 150 counts-per-minute (cpm), with and without low-frequency-extension (LFE) filtering). The new algorithm predicted the time in prolonged sitting bouts most accurate (bias ≤7 minutes/day). Of all proprietary ActiGraph methods, only 150 cpm without LFE predicted the time in prolonged sitting bouts non-significantly different from the activPAL (bias ≤18 minutes/day). However, the frequently used 100 cpm with LFE accurately predicted total sitting time (bias ≤7 minutes/day). To study the health effects of ActiGraph measured prolonged sitting, we recommend using the new algorithm. In case a cut-point is used, we recommend 150 cpm without LFE to measure prolonged sitting, and 100 cpm with LFE to measure total sitting time. However, both cpm cut-points are not recommended for a detailed bout analysis.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Arterial oxygen saturation and diving response during dynamic apneas in breath-hold divers
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 1600-0838 .- 0905-7188. ; 19:1, s. 87-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Competitive breath-hold divers try to achieve maximum times, depths, or distances underwater, thereby risking hypoxic syncope. In the present study, the cardiorespiratory responses to dynamic apnea (simultaneously initiated apneas and dynamic leg exercise) were investigated in 10 breath-hold divers. The divers performed 60 s dynamic apneas with the face in air (A) or face immersed in cold water (AFI). During apneas, the arterial oxygen saturation was reduced (A: -10%), but to a lesser extent during AFI (-6%, P<0.01), reaching a nadir 10-15 s post-apnea. Also, changes in end-tidal O(2) and CO(2) pressures (P(et)O(2)/P(et)CO(2)) were smaller during AFI than A (DeltaP(et)O(2): 8.2 vs 8.7 kPa, P<0.01; DeltaP(et)CO(2): 3.1 vs 3.2 kPa, P<0.05). The heart rate was lower during AFI than A (66 vs 78 bpm, P<0.01), reflecting an augmented diving response during AFI. The maximum safe breath-hold time under the conditions of the present study was calculated to be 101 and 106 s for A and AFI, respectively, consistent with the dynamic apnea times achieved by world-class apnea divers. It is concluded that the augmented diving response during face immersion apneas is associated with a slower reduction of the pulmonary (and arterial) oxygen store, probably delaying the occurrence of a hypoxic syncope.
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| 3. |
- Frobell, Richard, et al.
(författare)
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Acute rotational trauma to the knee: poor agreement between clinical assessment and magnetic resonance imaging findings.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 1600-0838 .- 0905-7188. ; 17:2, s. 109-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in the general population; the pathology associated with a knee sprain verified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); and the agreement between clinical findings and MRI.Materials and methods: Inclusion criterion was an acute rotational trauma to the knee associated with effusion. One hundred and fifty-nine consecutive patients, mean age 27 years and 36% women, were included after clinical assessment at the orthopedic emergency unit. Patients were referred to an MRI examination (1.0 or 1.5 T) performed within a median of 8 days of the initial visit.Results: The annual incidence of MRI verified ACL injuries was 0.81/1000 inhabitants aged 10-64 years. Fifty-six percent (n=89) of those included had sustained an ACL injury of whom 38% had an associated medial meniscus tear. There was a poor agreement between initial clinical antero-posterior laxity and MRI verified presence of an ACL tear (kappa 0.281). Every second patellar dislocation was diagnosed as a ligament injury. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the incidence of ACL injuries is higher than previously described. We also show that the first clinical examination after an acute knee trauma has a low diagnostic value. Further assessment with MRI improves the chances of a correct diagnosis of intraarticular pathology and is recommended in the early phase after a rotational knee trauma.
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| 4. |
- Sollerhed, Ann-Christin, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Physical benefits of expanded physical education in primary school : findings from a 3-year intervention study in Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 18:1, s. 102-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to assess whether a school-based program with expanded physical education lessons was effective in increasing children's physical capacity and in preventing excessive weight gain in children. The study performed in 2000-2003 comprised 132 children, 73 boys and 59 girls at baseline 6-9 years and in follow-up 9-12 years, attending two different schools with a similar size, appearance and structure in a rural area. The norm school (N-school) followed the stipulated curricular time, one to two physical education lessons a week, while the intervention school (I-school) increased it to four lessons. More positive changes in physical index (the sum of the age-standardized results in 11 physical tests) were found among children in the I-school than in the N-school. The number of children who increased body mass index (BMI) increased in both schools, but a lower increase in BMI could be seen in the I-school. Expanded physical education lessons could increase physical status among both overweight and normal-weight children, in particular aerobic fitness. The weekly dose of physical activity must be higher than 40 min a day and must start earlier in children's life to be more effective in combating BMI increase.
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| 5. |
- Sollerhed, Ann-Christin, et al.
(författare)
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Physical benefits of expanded physical education in primary school: findings from a 3-year intervention study in Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 1600-0838 .- 0905-7188. ; 18:1, s. 102-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to assess whether a school-based program with expanded physical education lessons was effective in increasing children's physical capacity and in preventing excessive weight gain in children. The study performed in 2000-2003 comprised 132 children, 73 boys and 59 girls at baseline 6-9 years and in follow-up 9-12 years, attending two different schools with a similar size, appearance and structure in a rural area. The norm school (N-school) followed the stipulated curricular time, one to two physical education lessons a week, while the intervention school (I-school) increased it to four lessons. More positive changes in physical index (the sum of the age-standardized results in 11 physical tests) were found among children in the I-school than in the N-school. The number of children who increased body mass index (BMI) increased in both schools, but a lower increase in BMI could be seen in the I-school. Expanded physical education lessons could increase physical status among both overweight and normal-weight children, in particular aerobic fitness. The weekly dose of physical activity must be higher than 40 min a day and must start earlier in children's life to be more effective in combating BMI increase.
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| 6. |
- Bremander, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Validity and reliability of functional performance tests in meniscectomized patients with or without knee osteoarthritis
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 17:2, s. 120-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Reduced functional performance and muscular dysfunction after knee injury and in knee osteoarthritis (OA) is suggested to be a factor in OA development. Validated functional performance tests applicable in the clinic and large-scale studies are lacking. The aim was to study the reliability and validity of 10 functional performance tests.METHODS: Two hundred and eighty-five subjects, 15-22 years post-meniscectomy, performed 10 functional performance tests. The mean age was 54 years (SD+/-11.2) and 79% were men; 52% had radiographic OA, and 48% were categorized as symptomatic. The tests were evaluated for test-retest reliability, discriminative ability (younger vs older age, men vs women, symptom-free vs symptomatic) and floor and ceiling effects.RESULTS: Two of the 10 tests, maximum number of knee bendings in 30 s and one-leg hop for distance, had good test-retest reliability (ICC 0.92, 95% CI 0.86-0.96 and 0.93, 95% CI 0.87-0.97) and were able to discriminate with regard to age, gender and symptoms, and had acceptable floor effects (9% and 3%, respectively).CONCLUSION: This study suggests the use of two functional performance tests: knee bendings/30 s and one-leg hop for distance, easy to use for evaluation of interventions due to knee injury and knee OA and when attaining long-term data of natural disease history.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Dencker, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Daily physical activity related to aerobic fitness and body fat in an urban sample of children.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 1600-0838 .- 0905-7188. ; 18, s. 728-735
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study evaluates associations between objectively measured daily physical activity vs aerobic fitness and body fat in children aged 8-11 years. A cross-sectional study of 225 children aged 7.9-11.1 years was performed. Abdominal fat mass (AFM) and total body fat (TBF) were quantified by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. TBF was calculated as percentage of total body mass (BF%). Body fat distribution was calculated as AFM/TBF. Aerobic fitness was measured by indirect calorimetry during a maximal cycle ergometer exercise test. Daily physical activity was assessed by accelerometers for 4 days and daily accumulation of moderate-to-vigorous and vigorous activity was calculated. Significant relationships (P<0.05) existed for vigorous activity vs ln BF% (r=-0.40), ln AFM (r=-0.35), TBF/AFM (r=-0.22) and aerobic fitness (r=0.38), whereas moderate-to-vigorous activity displayed weaker relationships (-0.22, -0.18, -0.12 NS, and 0.25). Multiple regression analyses with inclusion of possible confounders concluded that vigorous activity was independently related to aerobic fitness and ln BF% or ln AFM. Moderate-to-vigorous activity was only independently related to aerobic fitness. In this population, low daily accumulation of vigorous activity was, already in children aged 8-11 years, associated with more body fat and lower aerobic fitness. A similar relation was not found for daily accumulation of moderate-to-vigorous activity.
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| 9. |
- Dencker, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Objectively measured daily physical activity related to cardiac size in young children.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 1600-0838 .- 0905-7188. ; Aug 5, s. 664-668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Training studies in children have suggested that endurance training can give enlargement of cardiac dimensions. This relationship has not been studied on a population-based level in young children with objective methods. A cross-sectional study was made of 248 children (140 boys and 108 girls), aged 8-11 years, from a population-based cohort. Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDD) and left atrial end-systolic diameter (LA) were measured with echocardiography and indexed for body surface area (BSA). Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry, and the duration of vigorous physical activity per day (VPA) was calculated. Acceptable accelerometer and echocardiography measurements were obtained in 228 children (boys=127, girls=101). Univariate correlations between VPA and LVDD were indexed for BSA in boys (r=0.27, P<0.05) and in girls (r=0.10, NS). Multiple regression analysis showed that independent factors for LVDD, indexed for BSA for boys, were age and VPA. LA indexed for BSA was not related to physical activity variables in either gender. No clear relationship exists between cardiac size and daily physical activity in children aged 8-11 years. This suggests that significant cardiac remodelling due to volume exposure secondary to a high amount of physical activity begins later in life.
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| 10. |
- Ericsson, Ingegerd, et al.
(författare)
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Motor skills and school performance in children with daily physical education in school : a 9-year intervention study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 24:2, s. 273-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to study long-term effects on motor skills and school performance of increased Physical Education. All pupils born 1990-92 from one school were included in a longitudinal study during nine years. An intervention group (n=129) achieved daily PE (5x45 minutes/week) and if needed one extra lesson of adapted motor training. The control group (n=91) had PE two lessons/week. Motor skills were evaluated by the MUGI observation checklist and school achievements by marks in Swedish, English, Mathematics, PE and proportion of pupils who qualified for upper secondary school. Findings: In school year 9 there were no motor skills deficits in 93% of pupils in the intervention group compared to 53% in the control group (p<0.001), 96% of the pupils in the intervention group compared to 89% in the control group (p<0.05) qualified for upper secondary school. The sum of evaluated marks was higher among boys in the intervention group than in the control group (p<0.05). Interpretation: Daily PEH and adapted motor skills training during the compulsory school years is a feasible way to improve not only motor skills but also school performance and the proportion of pupils who qualify for upper secondary school. Key words: Compulsory school, grading, learning, Mugi observation checklist, motor training, physical education, pupil, upper secondary school.
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