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- Bäckman, K, et al.
(författare)
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Microbial-associated oral lichenoid reactions.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Oral diseases. - : Wiley. - 1354-523X .- 1601-0825. ; 13:4, s. 402-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to compare a new type of symptomatic lichenoid reaction, specifically located on the mucosal side of the lips, and associated with microorganisms, with a matched group presenting with reticular oral lichen planus (OLP) of the buccal mucosa. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The mean age for both groups was 66 years with a predominance of women (62%). The lichenoid reaction group (n = 25) presented with a reticular reaction pattern embracing various degrees of erythema. Patients presenting with OLP had similar lesions confined to the buccal mucosa but not on the mucosal side of the lips. RESULTS: In both groups, 80% were on any type of medication. However, 56% of the patients with lichenoid reactions medicated with more than three drugs compared with 29% (P < 0.05) in the OLP group. The former group more often used medicaments prescribed for cardiovascular diseases (48%vs 25%). Twenty-two of the patients with lichenoid reactions were treated with chlorhexidine. In 80% of these patients (n = 18), the lesions improved or completely healed, indicating a microbial association. CONCLUSION: Lichenoid reactions present on the mucosal side of the lips may be initiated by microbial plaque precipitated on the buccal surfaces of the anterior teeth.
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- Dahlén, Gunnar, 1944, et al.
(författare)
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A retrospective study on the microbiology in patients with oral complaints and oral mucosal lesions.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Oral diseases. - : Wiley. - 1601-0825 .- 1354-523X. ; 15:4, s. 265-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to microbiologically analyze oral mucosal samples collected during 2 years from patients with oral mucosal complaints. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mucosal scraping samples were taken from 297 patients and semiquantified by culture for detection of opportunistic microorganisms e.g. Staphylococcus aureus, enterococci, aerobic Gram-negative bacilli (AGNB) and yeasts. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed. RESULTS: Altogether 297 patients were sampled (mean age 56.8 +/- 20.7). Among the 110 patients with known medical condition, 48 were systemically immunocompromised, 35 had systemic diseases, and 27 had only local oral complaints. Opportunists in moderate growth or more were present commonly in all three groups and most frequent in the immunocompromised patients (66.7%). Candida species were the most frequent opportunist (68.8%), however, their level was low and combinations with bacterial opportunists were common (39.6%). All bacterial opportunists tested were antibiotic multiresistant. Follow-up samples were collected in 23 cases out of which seven showed still presence of opportunists in heavy growth despite repeated treatment with ciprofloxacin. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed a frequent presence of bacterial and fungal opportunists in patients with oral mucosal complaints, which were most common in immunocompromised individuals, however, also frequent in patients with local oral complaints only. Systematic evaluation of different treatment strategies is needed.
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- Lundström, Inger, 1943-, et al.
(författare)
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Iron and vitamin deficiencies, endocrine and immune status in patients with primary Sj÷gren's syndrome
- 2001
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Ingår i: Oral Diseases. - : Wiley. - 1354-523X .- 1601-0825. ; 7:3, s. 144-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence of iron and vitamin deficiencies, endocrine disorders and immunological parameters in patients with primary Sj÷gren's syndrome (1░SS). DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: At the time of the establishment of the diagnosis of 1░SS in 43 consecutive patients, a clinical examination including haematological analyses was performed. The patients' medical records were also reviewed. SETTING: Patients referred for diagnosis to The University Hospital, Link÷ping, a secondary or tertiary referral hospital serving the middle part of southern Sweden. RESULTS: In total, current or previously treated iron and vitamin deficiencies were registered for 63% of the 1░SS patients (iron 51%, vitamin B12 25%, folate 9%). Current low ferritin was noted in 24%, low iron saturation in 37%, decreased vitamin B12 in 13% and folate in 9%. Thyroid disease was found in a total of 33% and 30% had autoimmune thyroiditis. Three patients (7%) had verified diabetes mellitus. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was raised in 65% of the patients and 84% had a polyclonal increase of 1g. Rheumatoid factor (RF) was detected in 85%, antinuclear antibody (ANA) in 74%, anti-SS-A in 88% and anti-SS-B in 73% of the patients. CONCLUSION: Iron and vitamin deficiencies and thyroid diseases are common in patients with 1░SS. Since these disorders often are treatable and may affect the patients' distress as well as their immune and exocrine function, an active, recurrent search for deficiencies, endocrine diseases and other frequently recorded disorders is recommended.
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- Ahmad, F., et al.
(författare)
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Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases: important signaling modulators and therapeutic targets
- 2015
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Ingår i: Oral Diseases. - : Wiley. - 1354-523X .- 1601-0825. ; 21:1, s. 25-50
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- By catalyzing hydrolysis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases are critical regulators of their intracellular concentrations and their biological effects. As these intracellular second messengers control many cellular homeostatic processes, dysregulation of their signals and signaling pathways initiate or modulate pathophysiological pathways related to various disease states, including erectile dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, acute refractory cardiac failure, intermittent claudication, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and psoriasis. Alterations in expression of PDEs and PDE-gene mutations (especially mutations in PDE6, PDE8B, PDE11A, and PDE4) have been implicated in various diseases and cancer pathologies. PDEs also play important role in formation and function of multimolecular signaling/regulatory complexes, called signalosomes. At specific intracellular locations, individual PDEs, together with pathway-specific signaling molecules, regulators, and effectors, are incorporated into specific signalosomes, where they facilitate and regulate compartmentalization of cyclic nucleotide signaling pathways and specific cellular functions. Currently, only a limited number of PDE inhibitors (PDE3, PDE4, PDE5 inhibitors) are used in clinical practice. Future paths to novel drug discovery include the crystal structure-based design approach, which has resulted in generation of more effective family-selective inhibitors, as well as burgeoning development of strategies to alter compartmentalized cyclic nucleotide signaling pathways by selectively targeting individual PDEs and their signalosome partners.
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