| 1. |
- Goksör, Emma, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Preschool wheeze - impact of early fish introduction and neonatal antibiotics.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the risk factors for preschool wheeze with special reference to the early introduction of fish and early antibiotic treatment. To avoid reverse causation regarding antibiotics, we focused on the influence of broad-spectrum antibiotics given during the first week of life. Methods: Data were obtained from a prospective, longitudinal study of a cohort of children born in western Sweden where 50% of the birth cohort was randomly selected. The parents answered questionnaires at 6 and 12months and at 4.5years of age. The response rate at 4.5years was 83% (4496 of 5398 questionnaires distributed). Results: In the multivariate analysis, broad-spectrum antibiotics in the first week increased the risk of recurrent wheeze (≥3 episodes) during the last 12months at age 4.5years (adjusted OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.3-3.8) and multiple-trigger wheeze (aOR, 2.8; 1.3-6.1). The introduction of fish before the age of 9months reduced the risk of recurrent wheeze (aOR, 0.6; 0.4-0.8). Conclusion: Treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics during the first week of life increased the risk of recurrent wheeze and multiple-trigger wheeze at preschool age. The early introduction of fish reduced the risk of recurrent wheeze.
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| 2. |
- Gustafsson, Peik, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between cerebral blood-flow measured by single photon emission tomography (SPECT), electro-encephalogram (EEG), behaviour symptoms and neurological soft signs in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
- 2000
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Ingår i: Acta Pædiatrica. - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 89:7, s. 830-835
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty-eight children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were examined with SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography). Seven of the children had abnormal distribution of the regional cerebral blood-flow (rCBF) on visual evaluation and 10 had abnormal EEG findings. The only clinical finding that differentiated the group with normal from abnormal rCBF was behaviour symptom load. A factor analysis of the rCBF in different regions of interest yielded one factor with low rCBF in the temporal and cerebellar regions and high rCBF in the subcortical and thalamic regions, which was significantly associated with the degree of motor impairment and results on a cognitive test (WISC). Another factor consisting of high rCBF in frontal and parietal regions had a significant negative correlation with the degree of behaviour symptoms. There was a negative correlation between the rCBF in the right frontal regions and the degree of behaviour symptoms. The number of minor physical anomalies (MPA) was negatively correlated to the rCBF in the frontal lobes bilaterally. These results suggest that there may be at least two functional disturbances in ADHD, one specific neurodevelopmentally determined disturbance of the frontal lobes, especially of the right hemisphere, related to behaviour deviance, and another disturbance of the integration of the temporal lobes, the cerebellum and subcortical structures, related to motor planning and aspects of cognition.
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| 3. |
- Löfqvist, Chatarina, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Low Postnatal Serum IGF-I levels is Associated with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD).
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 101:12, s. 1211-1216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To characterize postnatal changes in serum IGF-I in relation to development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very preterm infants. Methods: Longitudinal study of 108 infants with mean (SD) gestational age 27.2 (2.2) weeks. Weekly serum samples of IGF-I were analyzed from birth until postmenstrual age 36 weeks. Multivariate models were developed to identify independent predictors of BPD. Results: Postnatal mean IGF-I levels at postnatal day 3 to 21 were lower in infants with BPD compared to infants with no BPD (16 vs. 26 ug/L, p<0.001). Longitudinal postnatal change in IGF-I levels (IGF-I regression coefficient (β), postnatal days 3 to 21, was lower in infants with BPD compared to infants with no BPD (0.28 vs. 0.97, p=0.002) and mean IGF-I during postmenstrual age 30-33 weeks was lower in infants with BPD as compared to infants without BPD (22 vs. 29 ug/L, p<0.001). In a binomial multiple regression model lower gestational age, male gender and lower mean serum IGF-I levels during postnatal day 3-21 were the most predictive risk factors associated with BPD (r(2) =0.634, p<0.001). Conclusion: Lower IGF-I concentrations during the first weeks after very preterm birth are associated with later development of BPD. © 2012 The Author(s)/Acta Paediatrica © 2012 Foundation Acta Paediatrica.
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| 4. |
- Wikström, Sverre, et al.
(författare)
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Early single-channel aEEG/EEG predicts outcome in very preterm infants
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 101:7, s. 719-726
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To characterize early amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) and single-channel EEG (aEEG/EEG) in very preterm (VPT) infants for prediction of long-term outcome. Patients: Forty-nine infants with median (range) gestational age of 25 (2230) weeks. Methods: Amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram/EEG recorded during the first 72 h and analysed over 012, 1224, 2448 and 4872 h, for background pattern, sleepwake cycling, seizures, interburst intervals (IBI) and interburst percentage (IB%). In total, 2614 h of single-channel EEG examined for seizures. Survivors were assessed at 2 years corrected age with a neurological examination and Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II. Poor outcome was defined as death or survival with neurodevelopmental impairment. Good outcome was defined as survival without impairment. Results: Thirty infants had good outcome. Poor outcome (n = 19) was associated with depressed aEEG/EEG already during the first 12 h (p = 0.023), and with prolonged IBI and higher IB% at 24 h. Seizures were present in 43% of the infants and associated with intraventricular haemorrhages but not with outcome. Best predictors of poor outcome were burst-suppression pattern [76% correctly predicted; positive predictive value (PPV) 63%, negative predictive value (NPV) 91%], IBI > 6 sec (74% correctly predicted; PPV 67%, NPV 79%) and IB% > 55% at 24 h age (79% correctly predicted; PPV 72%, NPV 80%). In 35 infants with normal cerebral ultrasound during the first 3 days, outcome was correctly predicted in 82% by IB% (PPV 82%, NPV 83%). Conclusion: Long-term outcome can be predicted by aEEG/EEG with 7580% accuracy already at 24 postnatal hours in VPT infants, also in infants with no early indication of brain injury.
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| 5. |
- Aburawi, Elhadi, et al.
(författare)
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Coronary artery stenosis in asymptomatic child after arterial switch operation: detection by transthoracic colour-flow doppler echocardiography.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Pædiatrica. - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 97:3, s. 376-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arterial switch operation (ASO) has become the definitive anatomical correction for transposition of great arteries (TGA). Left coronary artery (LCA) ostial stenosis was detected by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE) as a flame like colour flow diastolic signal and coronary flow reserve (CFR) was low, 1.3. It was treated successfully by a drug-eluted stent. These findings could be diagnostic for coronary ostial stenosis. Conclusion: Coronary artery stenosis can be detected with colour Doppler echocardiography. Assessment of CFR provides information of the physiological significance of the coronary stenosis.
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| 6. |
- Adolfsson, Peter, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Continuous glucose monitoring system during physical exercise in adolescents with type 1 diabetes
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 100:12, s. 1603-1609
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) provides detailed information on glucose fluctuations. The aim was to establish whether CGMS could be used during physical exercise and whether it detects more episodes of hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia than frequent blood glucose measurements. Methods: Adolescents with type 1 diabetes (12 girls and 47 boys) participated in three annual sports camps that lasted for 3-4 days and included different types of exercise: soccer, floorball + cross-country skiing and golf. During the study, blood glucose values, mean 8.7 +/- 3.3 per day, were obtained with Hemocue in parallel with the CGMS. Results: Ninety-eight per cent of the participants used the sensor at all times during the camps. Eighty-seven per cent of the sensors gave adequate signals for 24 h and 66% for 48 h. Median durations of hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia were 1.7 h per day and 3.8 h per day, respectively. The CGMS identified significantly more episodes of hypoglycaemia (p < 0.005) and hyperglycaemia (p < 0.005) during the day and night than frequent blood glucose tests. Conclusion: We demonstrate that, even during days that included episodic strenuous physical exercise, CGMS could provide useful information on glucose fluctuations during day and night, albeit with significant failure rates.
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| 7. |
- Alwis, Gayani, et al.
(författare)
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A 2-year school-based exercise programme in pre-pubertal boys induces skeletal benefits in lumbar spine.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta Pædiatrica. - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 97, s. 1564-1571
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate if a general school-based exercise intervention programme in pre-pubertal boys would render site-specific benefits in bone mineral accrual and gain in femoral neck structure. Methods: Eighty boys aged 7-9 years were included in a curriculum-based exercise intervention programme comprising 40 min of general physical activity per school day (200 min/week) for 2 years. Fifty-seven age-matched boys, assigned to the general Swedish school curriculum of 60 min/week, served as controls. Bone mineral content was measured with dual X-ray absorptiometry of the total body, the third lumbar vertebra and hip. Specific software, the hip structural analyses, evaluated the structural properties of the femoral neck. Annual changes were compared. The level of physical activity was estimated through questionnaires and accelerometers. Results: The mean annual bone mineral content gain in third lumbar vertebra was 3.0 percentage points (p < 0.01) and in width 1.3 percentage points (p < 0.01) greater in the intervention than in the control group. The weekly duration of exercise estimated through the questionnaire correlated with gain in bone mineral content in third lumbar vertebra (r = 0.25, p = 0.005) and vertebra width (r = 0.20, p = 0.02). Conclusion: A school-based exercise intervention programme in pre-pubertal boys enhances the skeletal benefits at lumbar spine.
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| 8. |
- Alwis, Gayani, et al.
(författare)
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Normative dual energy X-ray absorptiometry data in Swedish children and adolescents.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 99, s. 1091-1099
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To present normative dual energy X-ray absorptiometry data in healthy young Swedes. Methods: Included were 710 girls and 759 boys aged 6-30 years from southern Sweden. Bone mineral content, bone mineral density, bone size, lean body and fat mass were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in total body, lumbar spine, hip, arms and legs. Results: Swedish children had similar bone mass to children in the Netherlands but higher than children in Canada and Korea. Height, weight, bone mass, bone size and lean mass increased at a constant rate from age 6 until the rapid increase in all traits at puberty. The pubertal growth spurt started earlier in girls than in boys, while the spurt in boys was larger in magnitude and occurred for a longer period. Around one-quarter of the adult total body and lumbar spine peak bone mineral content was gained during the 2 years with the fastest gain in both genders. Conclusion: This study presents normative bone mass data in Swedish children, data that are similar to that in Dutch children but higher than in Canadian and Korean children. The gain in Swedish children seems to mimic the gain seen in children in other settings.
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| 9. |
- Annerbäck, Eva-Maria, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Severe child abuse: a study of cases reported to the police
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Pædiatrica. - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 96:12, s. 1760-1764
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To investigate the characteristics of severe abuse of children and possible differences in comparison with less severe abuse. Method: Cases of abuse reported to the police within a single police district (n = 142) in Sweden were studied. The severe cases were compared to all the remaining cases. Results: Severe abuse constituted 14% of the total cases and was reported by agencies to a greater degree than minor cases. The suspected perpetrators were socially disadvantaged people in both groups. Half of the most serious cases led to conviction in the courts, compared to 8% in the reference group. The children who had been subjected to abuse were often already known to social services and reports of child abuse had frequently been made. Conclusion: In comparison between cases of severe and minor child abuse reported to the police, the results did not show any crucial differences except the pattern of reporting and a higher occurrence of prosecution/conviction in the severe cases. This finding places a responsibility on agencies outside of the justice system to consider all cases of reported abuse as serious warning signals and to make independent evaluations to identify risks and the possible need for child protection.
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| 10. |
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