| 1. |
- Abugessaisa, Imad
(författare)
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Knowledge Discovery in Road Accidents Database Integration of Visual and Automatic Data Mining Methods
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Information Systems. - 1653-4360. ; 1, s. 59-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Road accident statistics are collected and used by a large number of users and this can result in a huge volume of data which requires to be explored in order to ascertain the hidden knowledge. Potential knowledge may be hidden because of the accumulation of data, which limits the exploration task for the road safety expert and, hence, reduces the utilization of the database. In order to assist in solving these problems, this paper explores Automatic and Visual Data Mining (VDM) methods. The main purpose is to study VDM methods and their applicability to knowledge discovery in a road accident databases. The basic feature of VDM is to involve the user in the exploration process. VDM uses direct interactive methods to allow the user to obtain an insight into and recognize different patterns in the dataset. In this paper, I apply a range of methods and techniques, including a paradigm for VDM, exploratory data analysis, and clustering methods, such as K-means algorithms, hierarchical agglomerative clustering (HAC), classification trees, and self-organized-maps (SOM). These methods assist in integrating VDM with automatic data mining algorithms. Open source VDM tools offering visualization techniques were used. The first contribution of this paper lies in the area of discovering clusters and different relationships (such as the relationship between socioeconomic indicators and fatalities, traffic risk and population, personal risk and car per capita, etc.) in the road safety database. The methods used were very useful and valuable for detecting clusters of countries that share similar traffic situations. The second contribution was the exploratory data analysis where the user can explore the contents and the structure of the data set at an early stage of the analysis. This is supported by the filtering components of VDM. This assists expert users with a strong background in traffic safety analysis to be able to intimate assumptions and hypotheses concerning future situations. The third contribution involved interactive explorations based on brushing and linking methods; this novel approach assists both the experienced and inexperienced users to detect and recognize interesting patterns in the available database. The results obtained showed that this approach offers a better understanding of the contents of road safety databases, with respect to current statistical techniques and approaches used for analyzing road safety situations.
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| 2. |
- Abugessaisa, Imad, et al.
(författare)
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Testing-SDI : E-government Prospective, Requirements, and Challenges
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Information Systems. - Sundsvall : Mid University Sweden. - 1653-4360. ; 2011:1, s. 11-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spatial Data Infrastructure denotes the collection of technologies, policies and institutional arrangements that facilitate the availability of and access to spatial information. During the last few years the development of spatial data infrastructure in Sweden has been influenced by two actions. The first was the European Directive in spatial data infrastructure namely Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe (INSPIRE), and the second action was the Swedish parliament's directive early in 2008 on e-Government. In a modern society, spatial data play major roles and have different applications such as information support during disaster prevention and management. These two milestones involving Geodata development have created huge demands and represent great challenges for researchers in the area of spatial data infrastructure. One of these challenges concerned the methodologies involved for testing proposed data specifications from INSPIRE. This paper addresses the above challenge and introduces a framework for testing Geodata. The testing of Geodata includes, the testing of the data specifications for different geographical themes and data structure, the performance testing of Opengeospatial Web Services (OWS) and the usability of Geoportals and services. The proposed methods were evaluated during a pilot test for a regional geoportal in Sweden, and the reported results in this paper show the feasibility and applicability of the methods used. The methods used assisted in the identification of the performance related defects and the bottleneck involved in relation to the response time, stress and load. The methods support the detection of different types of errors that occur during the testing time such as http error, timeout error, and socket error. During the pilot test of a geoportal, it was discovered that the response time was 30 seconds which is 6 times higher than the INSPIRE required time (Maximum 5 second), with 500 virtual users accessing the system and performing a specific task. A usability test was conducted which focused on the users' acceptance and the “think aloud” methods. The usability testing enabled the identification of user-interface related problems and the results were quantified to enable comparisons to be made with current results and those from the new test.
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| 3. |
- Angeletou, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Information Systems for e-Government - A Case in the Hellenic Ministry of Education (Informative paper)
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Information Systems. - Sundsvall : Mittuniversitetet. - 1653-4360. ; 2:2, s. 55-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The great strides made towards "information society" are a fact beyond contradiction. Many academic, research and governmental institutions have exploited Information and Communications Technologies in order to perform everyday tasks and activities and have therefore developed information management systems. This has led many public and governmental organisations to adopt these new technologies as a means of internal evolvement and restructuring and to provide more qualitative services to their citizens. This work describes how the Greek Educational Books Publishing Organisation (GEBPO) employed its electronic system for book production and distribution.
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| 4. |
- Asproth, Viveca
(författare)
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Information Technology Challenges for the Long-term Preservation of Electronic Information
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Information Systems. - Sundsvall : Mittuniversitetet. - 1653-4360. ; 1:1, s. 27-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information technology in combination with changes in organizational structures and forms for work has led to an increasing amount of information and also to totally new forms of information and records creation. Furthermore the e-government services, where the whole idea is to exchange information electronically, will speed up this development. A 10-year period is a long time when it comes to preserving electronic records. This is of course due to the rapid technological development, for example the problems with obsolete software and file formats. However, since archives are records of permanent and enduring value, it is essential that methods must be developed to ensure that digital records can be preserved for much longer time. Archival practice has for a long time been intertwined with information technology, dealing with the production, organization, storage, dissemination, and retrieval of records, using the technology at hand. This implies that the responsibility for research and development should lie upon researchers from both domains in collaboration. In this paper some problem domains of long-term preservation and how ongoing research matches these domains is presented. It seems clear that although much of the challenges associated with digital preservation is strategic, organizational, and structural and not only technical, the research concentrates at solving the technical issues.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Communication Analysis of Public Forms : Discovering Multi-functional Purposes in Citizen and Government Communication
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Information Systems. - Sundsvall : MidSweden University. - 1653-4360. ; :3, s. 161-181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper adopts a communication perspective on forms in public e-services. This perspective emphasizes that the main purpose of such forms is to facilitate communication between citizens and government agencies. The form is perceived as a tool for performing communicative actions. A communication analysis (CA) method, originally developed for systems requirements engineering, is applied on a public form; i.e. the medical certificate used in connection with a citizen’s application for a provisional driving license in Sweden. The CA method consists of a set of questions related tothree communicative categories; conditions, actions, and consequences. The CA method is used in order to explore the communicative roles of forms in public e-services. As a result of the communication analysis four multi-functional purposes of citizen and government agency communication are discovered. These purposes contribute to the understanding and evaluation of forms in public e-services. The communicative roles, and their multi-functional purposes, are important design features to focus in the development of e-services and electronic forms. Besides these findings, another outcomeis that the CA method has been tested in an e-government context. The communication perspective, as well as the CA method, contribute with useful insights in this context.
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| 7. |
- Axelsson, Karin, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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E-government in Sweden: New Directions : Editorial
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Information Systems. - Sundsvall : MidSweden University. - 1653-4360. ; 5:2, s. 31-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In January 2008, the Swedish Government launched a new eGovernment action plan which was formulated to serve as “a new basis for IT-based organisational development in public administration”. The main objective in the plan was formulated as “as simple as possible for as many as possible”. The definition of eGovernment used in the action plan is the one agreed upon by many other European countries: “eGovernment is organisational development in public administrations that takes advantage of information and communication technologies (ICT) combined with organisational changes and new skills”. Behind the suggested course of actions there is a rhetoric that Sweden was now entering a new path regarding eGovernment development. Taken together the declarations in the plan made it and the expressed expectations of profound changes in public administration an interesting target for critical review. Having identified the importance in critically discussing and analysing the action plan, the Swedish Researchers Network in eGovernment (www.egov.nu) arranged a network meeting at the national conference for public sector in Sweden June 2008. The theme for the meeting was “Reflections on the Swedish action plan for eGovernment”. Several researchers and practitioners shared and debated their reflections during this meeting. In order to continue this very interesting discussion after the conference, we then invited authors to submit an article on the same theme, i.e. analysing different aspects of the Swedish action plan for eGovernment. This call for papers was directed both to participants at the network meeting and others, who wanted to contribute to this on-going debate. The call was to encourage authors to communicate and share their insights and opinions regarding the action plan in order to provide knowledge to decision-makers and other practitioners.
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| 8. |
- Axelsson, Lars-Erik
(författare)
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Identify User Profiles in Information Systems with Unknown Users : A database modelling approach
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Information Systems. - Sundsvall : Mittuniversitetet. ; 2:2, s. 19-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most traditional models for system development presuppose that users of the system are known and possible to communicate with. If this is not achievable traditional design methods are less usable in order to analyze and describe the requirements of the users. This paper proposes to complement view design with ideas based on interaction design and semiotics and aims to describe the requirements and wishes of potential and unknown users in information systems supported by image or multimedia databases. In the paper the activity steps of view modelling are brought together with persona techniques from interaction design. The outcome of the proposed method reduces the amount of work considerably and, in addition, reduces the problems associated with involving users in the design process. In addition it forms the basis for the specification of a more informative study to increase the acceptability of databases in public environments
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| 9. |
- Caldwell, Rachel
(författare)
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Web-Accessibility, E-learning, and Academic Libraries
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Information Systems. - Sundsvall : Mittuniversitetet. - 1653-4360. ; 2:1, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Awareness of accessibility issues alone is the first step for potentially providing accessible resources to all online users, disabled or not. In addition to providing an overview of what encompasses the definition of disability in North America, common web barriers associated with accessibility, and the tools available for evaluating the accessibility of web resources, this review focuses on the available research studies applicable to the accessibility of specific remote-accessed, web-based products provided by academic institutions that that are directly, and indirectly, used for e-learning. Literature discussing how (academic) libraries and organizations can help in the provision of accessible web resources is also presented.
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| 10. |
- Charas, Philippe, et al.
(författare)
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A Philosophy of Public Service - Architectural Principles for Digital Democracy
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Information Systems. - Sundsvall : Mittuniversitetet. - 1653-4360. ; 3:2, s. 89-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper sets down architectural principles as seen from the perspective of a Public Service being part of a constitutional framework and aims at defining Public Service from the viewpoint of IT Architecture. The key features are the concepts of Policy and Policy Enforcement, which are integral parts of the Architecture while also introducing a hitherto missing component, namely the Legal Dimension.
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