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- Andersson, Ingvar
(författare)
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Breast cancer screening with mammography
- 2007
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Ingår i: Breast Care. - : S. Karger AG. - 1661-3805 .- 1661-3791. ; 2:1, s. 41369-41369
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Catanuto, Giuseppe, et al.
(författare)
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Natural Language Processing to Extract Meaningful Information from a Corpus of Written Knowledge in Breast Cancer : Transforming Books into Data
- 2023
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Ingår i: Breast Care. - : S. Karger AG. - 1661-3791 .- 1661-3805. ; 18:3, s. 209-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Books and papers are the most relevant source of theoretical knowledge for medical education. New technologies of artificial intelligence can be designed to assist in selected educational tasks, such as reading a corpus made up of multiple documents and extracting relevant information in a quantitative way.Methods: Thirty experts were selected transparently using an online public call on the website of the sponsor organization and on its social media. Six books edited or co-edited by members of this panel containing a general knowledge of breast cancer or specific surgical knowledge have been acquired. This collection was used by a team of computer scientists to train an artificial neural network based on a technique called Word2Vec.Results: The corpus of six books contained about 2.2 billion words for 300d vectors. A few tests were performed. We evaluated cosine similarity between different words.Discussion: This work represents an initial attempt to derive formal information from textual corpus. It can be used to perform an augmented reading of the corpus of knowledge available in books and papers as part of a discipline. This can generate new hypothesis and provide an actual estimate of their association within the expert opinions. Word embedding can also be a good tool when used in accruing narrative information from clinical notes, reports, etc., and produce prediction about outcomes. More work is expected in this promising field to generate "real-world evidence." (c) 2023 S. Karger AG, Basel
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| 3. |
- de Boniface, J, et al.
(författare)
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What Is the Best Management of cN0pN1(sn) Breast Cancer Patients?
- 2018
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Ingår i: Breast care (Basel, Switzerland). - : S. Karger AG. - 1661-3791 .- 1661-3805. ; 13:5, s. 331-336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although the majority of breast cancer patients are clinically node-negative (cN0) at diagnosis, 15-20% will have a metastatic sentinel lymph node (SLN, pN1(sn)). While a less radical approach regarding axillary surgery in cN0 patients with a positive SLN biopsy is advocated, the limitations of 5 published trials on axillary management in pN1(sn) are discussed intensely in the literature and support the performance of ongoing validation and extension trials, especially considering the lack of data in the setting of mastectomy. As locoregional radiotherapy has a significant effect on both recurrence and survival, a standardization of locoregional radiotherapy in the situation of SLN biopsy alone in pN1(sn) patients has to be defined in the future, and de-escalation trials should embrace a truly multidisciplinary approach. This is also of utmost importance considering the fact that high-volume nodal disease requires an intensified adjuvant chemotherapy strategy to which patients omitting axillary dissection cannot be stratified. Finally, there is mounting evidence that the therapeutic role of extensive axillary surgery in low-volume nodal disease is negligible, and multidisciplinary and translational efforts must be undertaken to individualize treatment in order to gain a reasonable balance between necessary staging information and unnecessary treatment-related morbidity.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Kappos, EA, et al.
(författare)
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Immediate Breast Reconstruction
- 2020
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Ingår i: Breast care (Basel, Switzerland). - : S. Karger AG. - 1661-3791 .- 1661-3805. ; 15:2, s. 188-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Kuhn, T, et al.
(författare)
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Current Status and Future Perspectives of Axillary Management in the Neoadjuvant Setting
- 2018
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Ingår i: Breast care (Basel, Switzerland). - : S. Karger AG. - 1661-3791 .- 1661-3805. ; 13:5, s. 337-341
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Axillary surgery has undergone considerable changes in recent years, especially in relation to patients who undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Due to constantly decreasing rates of recurrence and death from breast cancer, modern surgical strategies aim at de-escalating the extent of local treatment and avoiding unnecessary procedures. This relates especially to lymph node surgery which is associated with considerable morbidity. In patients who initially present with clinically node-negative disease, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is increasingly performed after NACT. The determination of the post-NACT nodal status does not only spare patients from additional surgery but also allows the assessment of pathologic complete response which is increasingly becoming an important tool for treatment planning. Since more than 70% of these patients have a ypN0 status after NACT, future trials will aim to identify patients who might be spared any axillary surgery after NACT. In patients who initially present with positive lymph nodes, the success rates of SLNB in terms of detection and accuracy are less favorable compared to those in patients who undergo primary surgery. The clinical significance of this is unclear. To reduce unnecessary axillary dissection in patients with cN1ycN0 status, prospective outcome data after SLNB without further lymph node removal are urgently needed. Improvements in surgical technique by localizing positive nodes at the time of diagnosis and removing them in a targeted surgical procedure (targeted axillary dissection) are under evaluation. Risk assessment and patient selection (including gene expression profiles) might be other ways of safely omitting axillary dissection.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Napieralski, R, et al.
(författare)
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PITX2 DNA-Methylation: Predictive versus Prognostic Value for Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients
- 2021
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Ingår i: Breast care (Basel, Switzerland). - : S. Karger AG. - 1661-3791 .- 1661-3805. ; 16:5, s. 523-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Background:</i></b> PITX2 DNA methylation has been shown to predict outcomes in high-risk breast cancer patients after anthracycline-based chemotherapy. To determine its prognostic versus predictive value, the impact of PITX2 DNA methylation on outcomes was studied in an untreated cohort vs. an anthracycline-treated triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cohort. <b><i>Material and Methods:</i></b> The percent DNA methylation ratio (PMR) of paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2 (PITX2) was determined by a validated methylation-specific real-time PCR test. Patient samples of routinely collected archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue and clinical data from 144 TNBC patients of 2 independent cohorts (i.e., 66 untreated patients and 78 patients treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy) were analyzed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The risk of 5- and 10-year overall survival (OS) increased continuously with rising PITX2 DNA methylation in the anthracycline-treated population, but it increased only slightly during 10-year follow-up time in the untreated patient population. PITX2 DNA methylation with a PMR cutoff of 2 did not show significance for poor vs. good outcomes (OS) in the untreated patient cohort (HR = 1.55; <i>p</i> = 0.259). In contrast, the PITX2 PMR cutoff of 2 identified patients with poor (PMR >2) vs. good (PMR ≤2) outcomes (OS) with statistical significance in the anthracycline-treated cohort (HR = 3.96; <i>p</i> = 0.011). The results in the subgroup of patients who did receive anthracyclines only (no taxanes) confirmed this finding (HR = 5.71; <i>p</i> = 0.014). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In this hypothesis-generating study PITX2 DNA methylation demonstrated predominantly predictive value in anthracycline treatment in TNBC patients. The risk of poor outcome (OS) correlates with increasing PITX2 DNA methylation.
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