| 1. |
- Church, Tamara L., et al.
(författare)
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Sustainability of microporous polymers and their applications
- 2017
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Ingår i: Science in China Series B. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1674-7291 .- 1869-1870. ; 60:8, s. 1033-1055
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microporous polymers (MPs) are studied for their intriguing chemistry and physics as well as their potential application in catalytic transformations, gas-separation processes, water purification and so on. Here, we critically review MPs with respect to the sustainability aspects of their synthesis as well as their applications that have sustainable character. Some MPs have been synthesized from monomers derived from biomass resources, but there is certainly a large potential for further developments. There are also opportunities to improve the sustainability of MP synthesis in terms of the use of solvents, catalysts, and related aspects. The applications of MPs in processes related to sustainability depend upon multiple properties. A rich and flexible chemistry is important to applications as catalysts for, among other useful reactions, the photoreduction of CO2 and selective oxidation. The (ultra) micropore volume of MPs are crucial in gas-separation applications such as CO2 capture, and the chemisorption of CO2 on MP-tethered alkylamines could offer a means to remove that gas from dilute mixtures. When it comes to the storage of H-2 and CH4 in MPs for onboard use in fuel cell or biogas cars, volumetric capacity is paramount, meaning that the density of the MPs must be considered. Finally, for use in separation and purifications from liquid mixtures (aqueous or hydrocarbon-based), crosslinked MPs are more limited than the solution-processable MPs that can be more easily processed into films and membranes.
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| 2. |
- Fan, Qunping, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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High-performance all-polymer solar cells enabled by a novel low bandgap non-fully conjugated polymer acceptor
- 2021
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Ingår i: Science in China Series B. - : Springer Nature. - 1674-7291 .- 1869-1870. ; 64, s. 1380-1388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anon-fully conjugated polymer as a new class of acceptor materials has shown some advantages over its small molecular counterpart when used in photoactive layers for all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs), despite a low power conversion efficiency (PCE) caused by its narrow absorption spectra. Herein, a novel non-fully conjugated polymer acceptor PFY-2TS with a low bandgap of similar to 1.40 eV was developed, via polymerizing a large pi-fused small molecule acceptor (SMA) building block (namely YBO) with a non-conjugated thioalkyl linkage. Compared with its precursor YBO, PFY-2TS retains a similar low bandgap but a higher LUMO level. Moreover, compared with the structural analog of YBO-based fully conjugated polymer acceptor PFY-DTC, PFY-2TS shows similar absorption spectrum and electron mobility, but significantly different molecular crystallinity and aggregation properties, which results in optimal blend morphology with a polymer donor PBDB-T and better device physical processes in all-PSCs. As a result, PFY-2TS-based all-PSCs achieved a PCE of 12.31% with a small energy loss of 0.56 eV enabled by the reduced non-radiative energy loss (0.24 eV), which is better than that of 11.08% for the PFY-DTC-based ones. Our work clearly demonstrated that non-fully conjugated polymers as a new class of acceptor materials are very promising for the development of high-performance all-PSCs.
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| 3. |
- GuangBo, Qu, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of tris-(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate as a neuronal toxicant in environmental samples using neuronal toxicity-directed analysis
- 2011
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Ingår i: Science in China Series B. - : Science Press. - 1674-7291 .- 1869-1870. ; 54:10, s. 1651-1658
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuronal toxic pollutants in environment possess hazards to human health. It is essential to determine the causative neuronal toxicants in environmental samples. In the present study, viability of primary cultured cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs), combined with sample extraction, chemical fractionation and identification, was applied for screening acid-resistant neuronal toxic substances in environmental samples. River sediments and agricultural soils along the river near a brominated flame retardant (BFR) manufacturing plant in South China were collected to screen the key neuronal toxicants. The results indicated that the manufacturing plant was a source of neuronal toxicity risks. In the sediment and soil near the plant, one of the causative toxicants was identified as tris-(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate (TBC) using HPLC-MS/MS. In addition, an unknown chemical possibly causing significant neuronal toxicity was isolated from all the soil samples in the region.
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| 4. |
- Han, Peigeng, et al.
(författare)
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Size effect of lead-free halide double perovskite on luminescence property
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science China Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1674-7291 .- 1869-1870. ; 62:10, s. 1405-1413
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lead-free halide double perovskites have gathered wide scientific interest since they are environmentally friendly and stable. However, compared to the lead perovskites, their optoelectronic properties are compromised. Herein we report a series of bulk lead-free mixed Bi-In halide double perovskites: Cs2AgBi1−xInxCl6 (0
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| 5. |
- Hao, Zhengming, et al.
(författare)
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From n-alkane to polyacetylene on Cu (110): Linkage modulation in chain growth
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science in China Series B. - : SCIENCE PRESS. - 1674-7291 .- 1869-1870. ; 65:4, s. 733-739
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Direct coupling or transformation of inert alkanes based on the selective C-H activation is of great importance for both chemistry and chemical engineering. Here, we report the coupling of polyenes that are transformed from n-dotriacontane (n-C32H66) through on-surface cascade dehydrogenation on Cu (110) surface, leading to the formation of polyacetylene (PA). Three distinct linkages have been resolved by scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and noncontact atomic force microscope (nc-AFM). Apart from the alpha-type linkage which is the stemless coupling of the terminal C-C double bond in trans-configuration, beta- and gamma-type linkages appear as knots or defects which are, in fact, the C-C couplings in cis-configurations. Interestingly, the "defects" can be effectively suppressed by adjusting the surface coverage, thus making it of general interest for uniform structure modulation.
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| 6. |
- Ji, YuanHui, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling mass transfer of CO2 in brine at high pressures by chemical potential gradient
- 2013
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Ingår i: Science China Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1674-7291 .- 1869-1870. ; 56:6, s. 821-830
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate long-term CO2 behavior in geological formations and quantification of possible CO2 leaks, it is crucial to investigate the potential mobility of CO2 dissolved in brines over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales and density distributions in geological media. In this work, the mass transfer of aqueous CO2 in brines has been investigated by means of a chemical potential gradient model based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics in which the statistical associating fluid theory equation of state was used to calculate the fugacity coefficient of CO2 in brine. The investigation shows that the interfacial concentration of aqueous CO2 and the corresponding density both increase with increasing pressure and decreasing temperature; the effective diffusion coefficients decrease initially and then increase with increasing pressure; and the density of the CO2-disolved brines increases with decreasing CO2 pressure in the CO2 dissolution process. The aqueous CO2 concentration profiles obtained by the chemical potential gradient model are considerably different from those obtained by the concentration gradient model, which shows the importance of considering non-ideality, especially when the pressure is high.
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| 7. |
- Ji, Yuanhui, et al.
(författare)
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Thermodynamic analysis of the theoretical energy consumption in the removal of organic contaminants by physical methods
- 2010
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Ingår i: Science in China Series B. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1006-9291 .- 1862-2771. ; 53:3, s. 671-676
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The essential requirements for evaluating the sustainable development of a system and the thermodynamic framework of the energy conservation mechanism in the waste-removal process are proposed. A thermodynamic method of analysis based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics is suggested as a means to analyze the theoretical energy consumption for the removal of organic contaminants by physical methods. Moreover, the theoretical energy consumption for the removal by physical methods of different kinds of representative organic contaminants with different initial concentrations and amounts is investigated at 298.15 K and 1.01325 × 105 Pa. The results show that the waste treatment process has a high energy consumption and that the theoretical energy consumption for the removal of organic contaminants increases with the decrease of their initial concentrations in aqueous solutions. The theoretical energy consumption for the removal of different organic contaminants varies dramatically. Furthermore, the theoretical energy consumption increases greatly with the increase in the amount to be removed.
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| 8. |
- Jiang, Xiaoqing, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient perovskite solar cells employing a solution-processable copper phthalocyanine as a hole-transporting material
- 2017
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Ingår i: Science China Chemistry. - : Science in China Press. - 1674-7291 .- 1869-1870. ; 60:3, s. 423-430
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of alternative low-cost and high-performing hole-transporting materials (HTMs) is of great significance for the potential large-scale application of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in the future. Here, a facilely synthesized solution-processable copper tetra-(2,4-dimethyl-3-pentoxy) phthalocyanine (CuPc-DMP) via only two simple steps, has been incorporated as a hole-transporting material (HTM) in mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The optimized devices based on such a HTM afford a very competitive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 17.1% measured at 100 mW cm(-2) AM 1.5G irradiation, which is on par with that of the well-known 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N'-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) (16.7%) under equivalent conditions. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the highest value reported so far for metal organic complex-based HTMs in PSCs. The advantages of this HTM observed, such as facile synthetic procedure, superior hole transport characteristic, high photovoltaic performance together with the feasibility of tailoring the molecular structure would make solution-processable copper phthalocyanines as a class of promising HTM that can be further explored in PSCs. The present finding highlights the potential application of solution processed metal organic complexes as HTMs for cost-effective and high-performing PSCs.
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| 9. |
- Li, W., et al.
(författare)
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Promotion of the oxygen evolution performance of Ni-Fe layered hydroxides via the introduction of a proton-transfer mediator anion
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science in China Series B. - : Springer Nature. - 1674-7291 .- 1869-1870. ; 65:2, s. 382-390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing efficient catalysts with high durability and activity for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is imperative for sustainable energy conversion technologies, including hydrogen generation and CO2 reduction, as well as other electrochemical energy storage systems. To this end, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism for the water oxidation reaction is vital. Herein, a surfactant, nonafluoro-1-butanesulfonate (FBS), was introduced into Ni-Fe layered double hydroxide (NiFe-FBS/CFP) via electrochemical deposition on the surface of a carbon fiber paper (CFP) substrate. The as-prepared NiFe-FBS/CFP electrode exhibited excellent catalytic activities for OER compared to the Ni-Fe layered double hydroxide based electrode (NiFe-LDH/CFP), an excellent stability of 15 h, and an ultralow Tafel slope of 25.8 mV dec−1. Furthermore, by combining the results of pH-dependent kinetics investigations, chemical probing, proton inventory studies, and isotopic and atom-protontransfer measurements, it was observed that a proton-transfer process controls the reaction rates of both the NiFe-LDH and NiFe-FBS catalysts, and the residual sulfonate groups serve as proton transfer mediator to accelerate the proton transfer rate.[Figure not available: see fulltext.]
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| 10. |
- Lin, Li, et al.
(författare)
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Electrochemical water oxidation by photo-deposited cobalt-based catalyst on a nano-structured TiO2 electrode
- 2012
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Ingår i: Science China Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1674-7291 .- 1869-1870. ; 55:9, s. 1976-1981
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A cobalt-based catalyst was directly photo-deposited on the surface of a widely used n-type nano-structured semiconductor (TiO2). Different thicknesses of the TiO2 films as well as different time of photo-deposition of the Co-based catalyst on TiO2 films have been optimized. It was found that the electrode with 3 layers of TiO2 film (in 8 mu m thickness) and 1 hour photo-deposition of the cobalt-based catalyst by light irradiation from a 500 W Xenon lamp gave the highest current density (similar to 5 mA/cm(2)). Using this cobalt-modified TiO2 film as a working electrode in an electrochemical device, highly efficient water oxidation has been demonstrated in a pH 7.0 aqueous solution with low overpotential.
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