| 1. |
- Bruckman, Viktor J., et al.
(författare)
-
Preface to the special issue of the Division Energy, Resources and the Environment at the EGU General Assembly EGU22
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Advances in Geosciences. - : Copernicus Publications. - 1680-7340 .- 1680-7359. ; 58, s. 87-91
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The European Geosciences Union (EGU) is one of the leading global bottom-up societies that promotes earth, planetary and space sciences. In its annual general assemblies, EGU brings together experts from all over the world to discuss cutting-edge research and implementation of findings in their respective disciplines and beyond via its inter-and transdisciplinary sessions, and thus offers a unique forum for scientific exchange, science-policy interaction, and joint development of strategies for future research endeavours. Within that framework the Energy, Resources and the Environment (ERE) Programme Group provides the platform for discussion about adequate and reliable supplies of affordable energy and other georesources in environmentally sustainable ways. This special issue in Advances in Geosciences comprises a collection of contributions from the ERE Programme Group, which were presented at the General Assembly 2022. It was held in hybrid mode for the first time from 23-27 May 2022, after two virtual assemblies in 2020 and 2021.
|
|
| 2. |
- Bruckman, Viktor J., et al.
(författare)
-
Preface to the special issue of the Division Energy, Resources and the Environment at vEGU2021 : Gather online
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Advances in Geosciences. - : Copernicus Publications. - 1680-7340 .- 1680-7359. ; 56, s. 13-18
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The European Geosciences Union (EGU) is one of the leading global bottom-up societies that promotes earth, planetary and space sciences. In its annual general assemblies, EGU brings together experts from all over the world to discuss cutting-edge research and implementation of findings in its respective disciplines and thus offers a unique forum for scientific exchange, science-policy interaction, and joint development of strategies for future research endeavours.This special issue in Advances in Geosciences comprises a collection of contributions from the Division Energy, Resources and the Environment (ERE) of the EGU, which were presented at the General Assembly 2021, vEGU2021: Gather online. It was held entirely online for the second time after EGU2020 from 19 to 30 April 2021.
|
|
| 3. |
- Exbrayat, J. F., et al.
(författare)
-
Multi-model data fusion as a tool for PUB : example in a Swedish mesoscale catchment
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Advances in Geosciences. - : Copernicus Publications. - 1680-7340 .- 1680-7359. ; 29, s. 43-50
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Post-processing the output of different rainfall-runoff models allows one to pool strengths of each model to produce more reliable predictions. As a new approach in the frame of the "Prediction in Ungauged Basins" initiative, this study investigates the geographical transferability of different parameter sets and data-fusion methods which were applied to 5 different rainfall-runoff models for a low-land catchment in Central Sweden. After usual calibration, we adopted a proxy-basin validation approach between two similar but non-nested sub-catchments in order to simulate ungauged conditions. Many model combinations outperformed the best single model predictions with improvements of efficiencies from 0.70 for the best single model predictions to 0.77 for the best ensemble predictions. However no "best" data-fusion method could be determined as similar performances were obtained with different merging schemes. In general, poorer model performance, i.e. lower efficiency, was less likely to occur for ensembles which included more individual models.
|
|
| 4. |
- Ferrans, Laura, et al.
(författare)
-
Characterization of dredged sediments : a first guide to define potentially valuable compounds - the case of Malmfjärden Bay, Sweden
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Advances in Geosciences. - : Copernicus Publications. - 1680-7340 .- 1680-7359. ; 49, s. 137-147
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Millions of tons of bottom sediments are dredged annually all over the world. Ports and bays need to extract the sediments to guarantee the navigation levels or remediate the aquatic ecosystem. The removed material is commonly disposed of in open oceans or landfills. These disposal methods are not in line with circular-economy goals and additionally are unsuitable due to their legal and environmental compatibility. Recovery of valuables represents a way to eliminate dumping and contributes towards the sustainable extraction of secondary raw materials. Nevertheless, the recovery varies on a case-by-case basis and depends on the sediment components. Therefore, the first step is to analyse and identify the sediment composition and properties. Malmfjärden is a shallow semi-enclosed bay located in Kalmar, Sweden. Dredging of sediments is required to recuperate the water level. This study focuses on characterizing the sediments, pore water and surface water from the bay to uncover possible sediment recovery paths and define the baseline of contamination in the water body. The results showed that the bay had high amounts of nitrogen (170–450 µg L−1 ), leading to eutrophication problems. The sediments mainly comprised small size particle material (silt, clay and sand proportions of 62 %–79 %, 14 %–20 %, 7 %–17 %, respectively) and had a medium–high level of nitrogen (7400–11 000 mg kg−1 ). Additionally, the sediments had little presence of organic pollutants and low–medium concentration of metals or metalloids. The characterization of the sediments displays a potential use in less sensitive lands such as in industrial and commercial areas where the sediments can be employed as construction material or as plant-growing substrate (for ornamental gardens or vegetation beside roads).
|
|
| 5. |
- Ivandic, Monika, et al.
(författare)
-
Subsurface seismic imaging with a hammer drilling source at an exploration drilling test center in Örebro, Sweden
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Advances in Geosciences. - : European Geosciences Union (EGU). - 1680-7340 .- 1680-7359. ; 56, s. 163-169
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seismic imaging while drilling (SWD) technology offers possibilities of imaging ahead of the drill-bit, which could be useful for determining when to go from hammer drilling to core drilling. Also, seismic images of the surrounding rock can improve geological models which could be then used to guide drilling programs.An SWD field test was carried out in August 2020 at an exploration drilling test site in Örebro, Sweden, with the aim to determine if the signals from hammer drilling can be used for seismic imaging around the drill-bit in a hard-rock environment where the strong drill-rig noise interference is one of the main challenges. The test site had previously been investigated with various geophysical methods, geological mapping and diamond core drilling, and it therefore represented an ideal location to perform this feasibility study.After data pre-processing and cross-correlation with the trace from the geophone closest to the rig, the shot-gathers were vertically stacked over the length of a drill pipe to achieve further signal improvement. A comparison with the active seismic data shows reasonable agreement, in spite of the fact that the noise level is significant even after careful processing. However, the lack of clear reflections in the active seismic data, indicating no detectable changes in the bedrock lithology in the near surface, hinders the full assessment of the seismic signal generated with hammer drilling at this site.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Maldonado, Tito, et al.
(författare)
-
Seasonal prediction of extreme precipitation events and frequency of rainy days over Costa Rica, Central America, using Canonical Correlation Analysis
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Advances in Geosciences. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7340 .- 1680-7359. ; 33, s. 41-52
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract. High mountains divide Costa Rica, Central America, into two main climate regions, the Pacific and Caribbean slopes, which are lee and windward, respectively, according to the North Atlantic trade winds – the dominant wind regime. The rain over the Pacific slope has a bimodal annual cycle, having two maxima, one in May–June and the other in August-September-October (ASO), separated by the mid-summer drought in July. A first maximum of deep convection activity, and hence a first maximum of precipitation, is reached when sea surface temperature (SST) exceeds 29 °C (around May). Then, the SST decreases to around 1 °C due to diminished downwelling solar radiation and stronger easterly winds (during July and August), resulting in a decrease in deep convection activity. Such a reduction in deep convection activity allows an increase in down welling solar radiation and a slight increase in SST (about 28.5 °C) by the end of August and early September, resulting once again in an enhanced deep convection activity, and, consequently, in a second maximum of precipitation. Most of the extreme events are found during ASO. Central American National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) have periodic Regional Climate Outlook Fora (RCOF) to elaborate seasonal predictions. Recently, meetings after RCOF with different socioeconomic stakeholders took place to translate the probable climate impacts from predictions. From the feedback processes of these meetings has emerged that extreme event and rainy days seasonal predictions are necessary for different sectors. As is shown in this work, these predictions can be tailored using Canonical Correlation Analysis for rain during ASO, showing that extreme events and rainy days in Central America are influenced by interannual variability related to El Niño-Southern Oscillation and decadal variability associated mainly with Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. Analyzing the geographical distribution of the ASO-2010 disaster reports, we noticed that they did not necessarily agree with the geographical extreme precipitation event distribution, meaning that social variables, like population vulnerability, should be included in the extreme events impact analysis.
|
|
| 8. |
- Mohammadi, Ali, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
Life cycle assessment of combination of anaerobic digestion andpyrolysis : focusing on different options for biogas use
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Advances in Geosciences. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7340 .- 1680-7359. ; 49, s. 57-66
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The combination of anaerobic digestion and pyrolysistechnologies could be a novel energy-biochar productionsystem to maximize energy and nutrient recovery frompulp and paper mill sludge. Herein, the life-cycle energy productionand emissions reduction of sludge treatment from atypical pulp and paper mill were investigated, in which alternativeuses of biogas for industrial or household application,in different regions of the world, were assessed. Thethree scenarios considered for different end-uses of biogasare: (A) biogas for vehicle fuel in the transportation sectorin Sweden, (B) biogas for heat and electricity in the powersector in Brazil, and (C) biogas for cooking in households inChina. The results of Environmental Life-Cycle Assessment(E-LCA) show that for all these three scenarios, the use ofbiogas and pyrolysis gas contributes most to emissions mitigation,while the dewatering and drying processes carriedout on the sludge, contribute the most to the environmentalemissions. Addition of biochar to the soil, contributes significantlyto a reduction in global warming by sequesteringcarbon in the soil. Compared to scenarios B and C, ScenarioA, in which biogas substitutes gasoline in transportation, andheat from combusted pyrolysis gases is used for district heatingin Sweden, demonstrates the highest environmental performancefor all the evaluated impact categories.
|
|
| 9. |
- Röttger, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
-
Radon metrology for use in climate change observation and radiation protection at the environmental level
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Advances in Geosciences. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7340 .- 1680-7359. ; 57, s. 37-47
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radon (222Rn) gas is the largest source of public exposure to naturally occurring radioactivity and the identification of radon priority areas is required by the Council Directive 2013/59/Euratom. Radon is also used as a tracer to improve atmospheric transport models and to indirectly estimate greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes using the Radon Tracer Method (RTM). This method is based on the correlation between atmospheric concentrations of radon and GHG, together with information on the radon flux data. For radiological data, all European countries have installed networks of automatic gamma dose rate monitoring stations and report the real-time information gathered to the European Radiological Data Exchange Platform (EURDEP). So far, atmospheric radon activity concentrations and radon fluxes are not yet reported in EURDEP, nor routinely measured within the European radiological networks although these observations could help to avoid false positives results. Due to above applications, there is a need of building a metrological chain to ensure high quality radon activity concentrations and radon flux measurements. Both climate and radiation protection research communities underline the need for improved traceability in low-level atmospheric radon measurements (Khanbabaee et al., 2021). The EMPIR project 19ENV01 traceRadonThis project 19ENV01 traceRadon has received funding from the EMPIR programme co-financed by the Participating States and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme. 19ENV01 traceRadon denotes the EMPIR project reference. is aimed towards providing the necessary measurement infrastructure and transfer standards to fulfil this need. Results of this project are particularly important for improving independent GHG emission estimates that support national reporting under the Paris Agreement on climate change and for the Council Directive 2013/59/Euratom, thus benefitting two large scientific communities. In this paper, early results, such as new activity standard developments and an overview of commercial and research radon monitors are presented and discussed. These results will feed into the traceRadon project with respect to radionuclide metrology in air and its potential for the improvement of the RTM.
|
|
| 10. |
- Sandahl, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
-
Space education in Kiruna, Northern Sweden
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Advances in Geosciences. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7340 .- 1680-7359. ; 3, s. 35-40
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The town of Kiruna in the north of Sweden has a concentration of space activities and space research with, for example, the Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Esrange, the ESA Salmijärvi satellite station, and EISCAT (European Incoherent Scatter Radar) Scientific Association. The Department of Space Science is a joint department between the two most northern universities in Sweden, Luleå University of Technology and Umeå University in collaboration with the Swedish Institute of Space Physics. It offers a range of education programmes in the space field. There are bachelor and master programmes in space engineering, and a bridging programme for students without a science background from secondary school. The Department also contributes to courses for teachers, Ph.D. courses and secondary school level courses. One master's program and a three week summer course are given entirely in English and welcome international students. Thanks to good cooperation with Esrange students can build and fly experiments on high altitude balloons and sounding rockets and also take a large responsibility for the management of the projects. Close interaction with research and industry is an important part of the education.
|
|
