| 1. |
- Ávila-Zúñiga Nordfjeld, Adriana, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Proposing a Mathematical Dynamic Model to Develop a National Maritime Security Assessment and Build a National Maritime Security Plan
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Maritime Research. - : Universidad de Cantabria. - 1697-4840 .- 1697-9133. ; 20:3, s. 123-132
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A proper assessment of maritime security risks at the national level is crucial to a national maritime security plan (NMSP) in order to secure the concerned country’s ports, vessels and territorial sea. Thus, the importance of implementing a national maritime security assessment (NMSA) to counter security threats and ensure the continuity of national and international trade. The most important set of international regulations concerning maritime security is the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code, which includes revision, approval and control of compliance of the Port Facility Security Plan (PFSP), which shall be based upon the Port Facility Security Assessment (PFSA). This paper proposes a mathematical dynamic model that calculates in real time the residual risk for the whole country and each of its ports by adapting and expanding the formula and procedures established in the Code, which since it has already been implemented around the world, gives the opportunity to take advantage of this quantitative solution to administrate maritime security risks on a nation-wide basis and create an effective national maritime security plan, which would allow the concerned authorities to improve situational awareness and adapt to security changes through a better planning of human, economic and material resources to deter security threats. The model was tested with the use of five encoded categories as countries, each of them with three ports, which encompassed three port facilities. The results indicate that this methodology is easy to implement and widespread use of that model could strength robustness in national security.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Dittmar, Jakob
(författare)
-
Re-enactments of historical seafaring between experimental archaeology and constructions of identity
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Maritime Research. - : Spanish Society of Maritime Research (SEECMAR). - 1697-4840 .- 1697-9133. ; X:1, s. 59-64
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Paper looks into the specific ways of dealing with the past in re-enactments of historical sea-journeys, e.g. journeys of discovery. They, like other forms of re-enactments, are experiments in documenting and reflecting on historic conditions of life. Beyond that, re-enactments generate memories and connect historic topics to the present. There is a poignant difference between re-enactments that try to establish a more precise understanding of specific historic constructions, maintenance, or usages and those that focus on emotional understanding of past events and their meaning for today's culture.
|
|
| 4. |
- Praestegaard Larsen, Björn
(författare)
-
A review of ethical considerations within autonomous maritime cybersecurity research
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Journal of Maritime Research. - : Spanish Society of Maritime Research (SEECMAR). - 1697-4840 .- 1697-9133. ; 21:1, s. 97-100
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper covers some of the ethical considerations and principles that researchers need to consider while conducting research within the field of autonomous maritime cyber security. It starts with a brief introduction to the research area and the cyber security risks associated with this. Then moves on to addresses the ethical considerations that researchers must consider. Basic research principles such as honesty, transparency, objectivity, independence, accountability, and fairness are emphasised. Additionally, the paper briefly explores an important socio-technical consideration, industry-sponsored research, and the potential conflicts of interest that arise when conducting such research. The conclusion highlights the importance of conducting ethical research with a high level of transparency.
|
|
| 5. |
- Styhre, Linda, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Vessel capacity utilisation in ferry services and the bridge substitute dilemma
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Journal of Maritime Research. - 1697-9133 .- 1697-4840. ; 4:3, s. 55-66
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to investigate vessel capacity utilisation in Scandinavian ferry services and describe reasons for the levels of resource utilisation that thestudy reveals.The paper relies upon goods and passenger statistics for a number of ferry services that operate within and to/from Sweden, Denmark and Norway.The empirical outcome shows that the average utilisation of the vessels is 33,4% and proves that there are considerable imbalances and variations in goods and passenger flows. Furthermore there is a relationship between vessel capacity utilisationand frequency: the utilisation is significant lower for routes with high frequency.This relationship between capacity utilisation and requency is further analysed.The paper focuses in particular on ferry services with high frequency that often fulfil the same function as a bridge, and on the understanding of the variables defining this “bridge substitute”.The bridge substitute function requires accessibility, high frequency and excess capacity in order to reduce the total transport time for the goods and the vehicles by minimise the waiting time in port. The five bridge substitutes included in the study showed an average vessel capacity utilisation of25,5%.
|
|
| 6. |
- Tärnholm, Therese, et al.
(författare)
-
Military autonomous underwater vehicles : An implementation perspective on legal and ethical aspects
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Maritime Research. - 1697-4840 .- 1697-9133. ; 19:3, s. 39-46
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The technology development in the areas of uncrewed and autonomous systems is creating many opportunities for use, both in the civil and the military realm. The technology itself has become faster and more precise in the situations it is exposed to compared to a human in the same situation, bringing on the discussion of where and when these systems are acceptable to use. This study investigates how the use of autonomous systems in naval applications are affected by legal, for example UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, and ethical concerns, such as meaningful human control, when performing a mission at sea. The aim is to support development and implementation efforts. Legal and ethical aspects are applied to two hypothetical cases using small autonomous underwater vehicles to illustrate challenges. The challenges are often connected to trust in the system and the accountability for its actions, making it difficult to see the benefits of using such systems, resulting in the benefits being overridden by possible negative effects. Therefore, it is necessary to have a balance between trust and risk and a balance between technology opportunities and governance regulations, where the two opposites must evolve together for a reliable system.
|
|
| 7. |
- Tärnholm, Therese, et al.
(författare)
-
Military autonomous underwater vehicles : An implementation perspective on legal and ethical aspects
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Maritime Research. - : Universidad de Cantabria. - 1697-4840 .- 1697-9133. ; 9:3, s. 39-46
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Technology development in the areas of uncrewed and autonomous systems is creating many opportu-nities, both in the civil and the military realm. The technology itself has become faster and more precisein the situations it is exposed to compared to a human in the same situation, bringing on the discussionof where and when these systems are acceptable to use. This study investigates autonomous systems innaval applications are affected by legal, for example UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, and ethicalconcerns, such as meaningful human control, when performing a mission at sea. The aim is to sup-port development and implementation efforts. Legal and ethical aspects are applied to two hypotheticalcases using small autonomous underwater vehicles to illustrate challenges. The indentified challengesare often connected to trust in the system and the accountability for its actions, making it difficult tosee the benefits of using such systems, resulting in the benefits being overridden by possible negativeeffects. Therefore, it is necessary to have a balance between trust and risk and a balance between tech-nology opportunities and governance regulations, where the two opposites must evolve together for areliable system.
|
|
| 8. |
- Bergström, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
Rule- and Role-Retreat: An Empirical Study of Procedures and Resilience
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Maritime Research. - 1697-9133. ; 6:1, s. 75-90
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To manage complex and dynamic socio-technical systems places demands on teams to deal with a range of more and less foreseeable situations. Three groups of participants with different maritime experiences were studied using the same simulation of a ship to better understand the role of generic competencies (e.g. information management, communication and coordination, decision making, and effect control) play in such high-demand situations. Groups with moderate maritime experience were able to balance contextual knowledge with use of generic competencies to successfully manage unexpected and escalating situations. Novices, lacking contextual knowledge, performed less well. Groups with the most maritime expertise remained committed to presumed procedures and roles and did not perform as well as the other two groups. The results suggest that training to operate complex socio-technical systems safely and effectively should go beyond procedures and include development of generic competencies. This could provide operators with better tools to enhance organizational resilience in unexpected and escalating situations.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
