| 1. |
- Brolin, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptive regression model for prediction of anthropometric data
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1742-5549 .- 1742-5557. ; 5:4, s. 285-305
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents and evaluates an adaptive linear regression model for the prediction of unknown anthropometric data based on a flexible set of known predictive data. The method is based on conditional regression and includes use of principal component analysis to reduce effects of multicollinearity between the predictive variables. Results from the study show that the proposed adaptive regression model produces more accurate predictions compared to a flat regression model based on stature and weight, and also compared to a hierarchical regression model, that uses geometric and statistical relationships between body measurements to create specific linear regression equations in a hierarchical structure. An additional evaluation shows that the accuracy of the adaptive regression model increases logarithmically with the sample size. Apart from the sample size, the accuracy of the regression model is affected by the number of, and on which measurements that are, variables in the predictive dataset.
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| 2. |
- Brolin, Erik, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Development and evaluation of an anthropometric module for digital human modelling systems
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1742-5549 .- 1742-5557. ; 7:1, s. 47-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the development of a software module and a graphical user interface which aims to support the definition of anthropometry of manikins in a digital human modelling (DHM) tool. The module is developed from user interviews and literature studies, as well as mathematical methods for anthropometric diversity consideration. The module has functionality to create both single manikins and manikin families, where it is possible to combine or analyse different population datasets simultaneously. The developed module and its interface have been evaluated via focus group interviews and usability tests by DHM tool users. Results from the studies show that the developed module and its interface has relevant functionality, fits well into industrial work processes, and is easy to use. The study also identifies possibilities to further increase usability.
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| 3. |
- Garcia Rivera, Francisco, 1994-, et al.
(författare)
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DHM supported assessment of the effects of using an exoskeleton during work
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation. - Geneva : InderScience Publishers. - 1742-5549 .- 1742-5557. ; 7:3/4, s. 231-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, exoskeletons have been gaining popularity in many industries, primarily for supporting manual assembly tasks. Due to the relative novelty of exoskeleton technologies, knowledge about the consequences of using these devices at workstations is still developing. Digital human modelling (DHM) and ergonomic evaluation tools may be of particular use in this context. However, there are no standard integrations of DHM and ergonomic assessment tools for assessing exoskeletons. This paper proposes a general method for evaluating the ergonomic effects of introducing an exoskeleton in a production context using DHM simulation tools combined with a modified existing ergonomic assessment framework. More specifically, we propose adapting the Assembly Specific Force Atlas tool to evaluate exoskeletons by increasing the risk level threshold proportionally to the amount of torque that the exoskeleton reduces in the glenohumeral joint. We illustrate this adaptation in a DHM tool. We believe the proposed methodology and the corresponding workflow can be helpful for decision-makers and stakeholders when considering implementing exoskeletons in a production environment.
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| 4. |
- Lämkull, Dan, et al.
(författare)
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Uniformity in manikin posturing : a comparison between posture prediction and manual joint manipulation
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1742-5549 .- 1742-5557. ; 1:2, s. 225-243
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the results of a comparison of manikin posturing within and between simulation engineers. Five simulation engineers were asked to simulate four manual assembly cases. They repeated each task six times, three times with a posture prediction tool and three times with manual adjustment of the body angles. The results show that the posture-prediction-tool was not used in an optimal manner. Although the prediction-tool was quick at suggesting a likely posture, the simulation engineers were reluctant to consider a simulation task completed until the manikin's posture was realistic in all aspects. The comparison indicates that if a posture-prediction-tool is to be beneficial, results with postures containing some non-cosmetic elements must be accepted. It is not until such an acceptance is achieved that the successful use of a posture-prediction-tool will become a reality.
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| 5. |
- Mårdberg, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Using a formal high-level language and an automated manikin to automatically generate assembly instructions
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1742-5549. ; 4:3, s. 233-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an approach to automatically generate predetermined motion time system (PMTS) based assembly instruction lists from simulations within digital human modelling (DHM) software. A formal high-level instruction language is used to instruct an automated manikin to perform assembly operations. The manikin, the language and the assembled objects are composed into a discrete model. In a post-computational step, the model is used to construct PMTS instruction lists by mapping the manikin motions, assembled objects and the language instructions onto a set of PMTS keywords. The described approach is implemented in the DHM software IMMA and tested on industrial cases of manual assembly in the automotive industry.
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| 6. |
- Ore, Fredrik, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Human Industrial Robot Collaboration – development and application of simulation software
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation. - : Inderscience Publishers. - 1742-5557 .- 1742-5549. ; 5:2, s. 164-185
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human industrial robot collaboration (HIRC) aims to combine the benefits of industrial robots with humans in production environments. This is a growing research field where most work focuses on the safety aspects, while little research is performed on simulation and visualisation. The aim of this paper is to present a demonstrator software for simulation, visualisation and evaluation of human industrial robot collaboration.Two simulation software products were combined to reach this goal. The new tool was then applied to two industrial assembly cases where productivity and biomechanical loads on humans were calculated. The resulting demonstrator software simulates and visualises human industrial robot collaboration. The quantitative output from the simulation makes it possible to compare HIRC, manual and robotic assembly stations in terms of productivity and ergonomics.
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| 7. |
- Rhen, Ida-Märta, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Ergonomic risk assessment in DHM tools employing motion data : Exposure calculation and comparison to epidemiological reference data
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation. - Olney : InderScience Publishers. - 1742-5549 .- 1742-5557. ; 6:1, s. 31-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital human modelling (DHM) allows ergonomic risk assessment to be performed at early stages of design and development. Such assessment is typically based on observational methods, which do not take advantage of the potential of DHM tools to provide precise posture and motion data. This paper describes and illustrates an alternative assessment approach employing DHM tools, inspired by risk assessment based on direct measurements. A literature survey established a reference database of epidemiological associations between exposure and wrist-related disorders. This approach is illustrated by a DHM simulation of a car assembly task. Wrist posture and motion were simulated and compared to the database, predicting the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders on the basis of direct measurements.
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| 8. |
- Sanda, Mohammed-Aminu
(författare)
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Relevance of air-traffic controllers' tacit knowledge in enhancing air-traffic control and safety in Ghanaian airspace
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation. - Olney Bucks : InderScience Publishers. - 1742-5549 .- 1742-5557. ; 6:2-3, s. 103-118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explored the cognitive and workload demands of air-traffic control activity and the tacit knowledge used by air-traffic controllers to cope with the stress associated with such demands in ensuring air-traffic safety in Ghana. Guided by the systemic structural theory of activity, it was found that the air-traffic control activity entailed several challenges, whereby variety of tasks demand significant cognitive efforts, requiring use of tacit knowledge by the air-traffic controllers to augment their operational performances in order to enhance air-traffic safety. It is concluded that the functional efficiency and effectiveness of human work in the air-traffic control activity can be enhanced by understanding and integrating air-traffic controllers' tacit knowledge in the job design. By implication, this understanding can be incorporated in designing an operator-efficient and effective work system for air-traffic controllers in order to enhance management capacity of air-traffic safety in Ghana.
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| 9. |
- Berlin, Cecilia, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Time-related ergonomics evaluation for DHMs: a literature review
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation. - 1742-5549. ; 1:4, s. 356-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ergonomics problems in production systems are of a multi-causal nature. It has been established in ergonomics literature that time-related factors, including activity duration, repetitiveness, work-rest distribution and musclereactions to dynamic loads, can influence the occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). In recent years, ergonomic practices have evolved to include the use of digital human models (DHMs) in virtual workstations, resulting in more cost-efficient and proactive evaluations.However, the ergonomic tools provided in DHMs often fail to consider time-related ergonomic factors. This literature review compiles and examines time-related ergonomics terms for the benefit of introducing such concepts intoDHMs. The influence of time-scale perspectives and ambiguities regarding how terms have been used are also discussed. Developers of DHMs can benefit immensely from a literary overview of how to consider time-related factors ofphysical workload. Likewise, the scientific community can benefit from the identification of ambiguities and gaps in ergonomics research.
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| 10. |
- Brolin, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Description of boundary case methodology for anthropometric diversity consideration
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Human Factors Modelling and Simulation. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1742-5549. ; 3:2, s. 204-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes and evaluates the boundary case methodology for the simultaneous consideration of variance for a number of selected anthropometric variables. The methodology includes the calculation of key dimension values for extreme but likely anthropometric measurement combinations. This data can be applied when utilising digital human modelling (DHM) tools for proactive design work and entered as input data when representative manikins are defined. The mathematical procedure is clearly described and exemplified to demonstrate how to use the methodology in design work. The outcome of the method is illustrated and compared using several different cases where the number of measurements is varied and where principal component analysis (PCA) is used to reduce the number of dimensions in one case. The paper demonstrates that the proposed boundary case method is advantageous compared to approaches based on the use of univariate percentile data in design.
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