| 1. |
- Ahlers, R., et al.
(författare)
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Unleashing Entrepreneurs or Controlling Unruly Providers? : The Formalisation of Small-scale Water Providers in Greater Maputo, Mozambique
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Development Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0022-0388 .- 1743-9140. ; 49:4, s. 470-482
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The existing legal and policy framework regulating water service provision in Greater Maputo, Mozambique appears fixated on the official service areas. In doing so it inadequately addresses the geographically varied service provision modalities which characterise the city. We argue that the predominant legal and policy framework does little to support development of improved services in areas unserved by the formal utility. Although ad hoc measures recognising small-scale providers as a temporary alternative to service provision by a formal utility have been implemented, these measures appear designed to increase control over these providers rather than support the service delivery capacity of small-scale providers.
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| 2. |
- Ahlerup, Pelle, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Gold Mining and Education: A Long-run Resource Curse in Africa?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Development Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0022-0388 .- 1743-9140. ; 56:9, s. 1745-1762
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Combining Afrobarometer survey data with geocoded data on the discovery and shutdown dates of gold mines, we show that individuals who had gold mines within their district when they were in adolescence have significantly lower educational attainment as adults. Exploring mechanisms, we find that this effect is not driven by endogenous migration, nor a higher incidence of conflicts, nor by a lower provision of schools in mining districts. While data limitations prevent us from fully exploring other channels, prior work as well as suggestive evidence point towards a higher incidence of child labour in mining district as the main mechanism.
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| 3. |
- Ahlerup, Pelle, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Tax Innovations and Public Revenues in Africa
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Development Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0022-0388 .- 1743-9140. ; 51:6, s. 689-706
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the effect of two tax innovations – value added taxes (VAT) and autonomous revenue authorities (ARA) – on tax revenues in sub-Saharan Africa. The dataset consists of 47 countries over 1980–2010. We find that VATs have no effect on total tax revenues, neither in the short- nor in the long-run. ARAs lead to higher tax revenues in the short- and medium-run, but the effect dissipates over time. The main conclusion is that tax innovations are not a panacea to overcome the revenue shortages in African countries, but they are helpful in the short- and medium-run.
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| 4. |
- Alobo Loison, Sarah Harriet
(författare)
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Rural Livelihood Diversification in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Literature Review
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Development Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0022-0388 .- 1743-9140. ; 51:9, s. 1125-1138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article provides a comprehensive review of the literature on the nature and evolution of rurallivelihood diversification in sub-Saharan Africa, and the situation regarding smallholders. It reveals mixedfindings about the causes and consequences of livelihood diversification on rural smallholders adopting thisstrategy. A lot of evidence from the literature suggests that it is relatively better-off smallholders with sufficientassets who achieve successful livelihood diversification, mainly by exploiting opportunities and synergies betweenfarm and nonfarm activities. Because of asset constraints, increase in incomes and wealth based on livelihooddiversification has not yet benefitted the large majority of smallholders.
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| 5. |
- Bali Swain, Ranjula, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the Effect of Microfinance on Vulnerability and Poverty among Low Income Households
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Development Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0022-0388 .- 1743-9140. ; 48:5, s. 605-618
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We empirically investigate whether participation in the Indian Self Help Group (SHG) microfinance programme has helped reduced poverty and household vulnerability using cross-sectional SHG rural household survey data. The potential selection bias is eliminated by propensity score matching to estimate the average treatment on treated effect using nearest neighbour matching and a local linear regression algorithm. We find that vulnerability in SHG members is not significantly higher than in non-SHG members, even though the SHG members have a high incidence of poverty. However, vulnerability declines significantly for those that have been SHG members for more than one year. These results are found to be robust using sensitivity analysis and the Rosenbaum bounds method.
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| 6. |
- Bali Swain, Ranjula, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of microfinance on factors empowering women : Differences in regional and delivery mechanisms in India’s SHG programme
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Development Studies. - : Routledge. - 0022-0388 .- 1743-9140. ; 53:5, s. 684-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examine how the impact on women empowerment varies with respect to the location and type of group linkage of the respondent. Using household survey data from five states in India, we correct for selection bias to estimate a structural equation model. Our results reveal that in the southern states of India empowerment of women takes place through economic factors. For the other states, we find a significant correlation between women empowerment and autonomy in women’s decision-making and network, communication and political participation respectively. We do not however find any differential causal impact of different delivery methods (linkage models).
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| 7. |
- Bezabih, Mintewab, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Land Certification in Reducing Gaps in Productivity between Male- and Female-Owned Farms in Rural Ethiopia
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Development Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0022-0388 .- 1743-9140. ; 52:3, s. 360-376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyses the impact of a low-cost land certification programme on the productivity of female-headed households. The hypotheses tested in the paper emphasise on the interaction between the constraints that female-headed households face in terms of insecure land tenure, lack of productive resources and suboptimal land market participation, on the one hand, and the tenure security benefits of certification on the other. Our findings show that land certification has a positive effect on land market participation and productivity. Our analysis also suggests higher marginal effects of certification on female-headed households' productivity, compared to the male ones.
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| 8. |
- Bigsten, Arne, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Tariffs and Firm Performance in Ethiopia
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Development Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0022-0388 .- 1743-9140. ; 52:7, s. 986-1001
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We use data on Ethiopian manufacturing firms and commodity-level data on tariffs to examine the effects of trade liberalisation on firm performance. We distinguish the productivity gains that arise from reducing final goods tariffs from those that arise from reducing tariffs on intermediate inputs. We find no evidence that output tariff reduction improves productivity, but we find large positive effects of input tariff reductions. These are robust to alternative productivity measures, treating tariffs as endogenous, and various generalisations of the model. We conclude that policy measures designed to facilitate access to inputs produced abroad may lead to productivity gains.
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| 9. |
- Björkman Nyqvist, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Community Health Educators and Maternal Health: Experimental Evidence from Northern Nigeria
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Development Studies. - : Taylor and Francis Group. - 1743-9140 .- 0022-0388. ; 59:1, s. 73-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The slow pace of improvement in service delivery and health outcomes for pregnant women and newborns in developing countries has been a major concern for policy makers in recent decades. This paper presents the results from a randomized controlled trial of a community health worker program designed to enhance uptake of child and maternal health services in Northern Nigeria. Three interventions were evaluated: the deployment of community health educators, health educators with the provision of safe birth kits, and health educators with community dramas. The results suggest that the interventions increased utilization of antenatal, postnatal, and infant care. Maternal and newborn health practices improved as well as health knowledge. In addition, the community health worker program was more effective when supplemented with additional program components.
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| 10. |
- Bonnier, Evelina, et al.
(författare)
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Foreign Aid and Female Empowerment
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Development Studies. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1743-9140 .- 0022-0388. ; 60:5, s. 662-684
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We estimate the community-level impact of foreign aid projects on women's empowerment in the country with the most complete recent record of geo-coded aid project placement, Malawi. Our estimates can thus be interpreted as the average impact of aid from many different donors and diverse projects. We find that aid in general has a positive impact, in particular on an index of female agency and women's sexual and fertility preferences. Gender-targeted aid has a further positive impact on women's sexual and fertility preferences , and more tentatively on an index focusing on gender-based violence. However, the positive impact of gender-targeted aid disappears in patrilineal communities, and men's attitudes towards female agency in the areas of sexuality and fertility are even negatively affected. This suggests that donors need to consider that the impact of aid on female empowerment can depend on the community context when they decide on aid project design and placement.
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