| 1. |
- Acevedo, Reinaldo, et al.
(författare)
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The Global Meningococcal Initiative meeting on prevention of meningococcal disease worldwide : Epidemiology, surveillance, hypervirulent strains, antibiotic resistance and high-risk populations
- 2019
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Ingår i: Expert Review of Vaccines. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1476-0584 .- 1744-8395. ; 18:1, s. 15-30
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The 2018 Global Meningococcal Initiative (GMI) meeting focused on evolving invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) epidemiology, surveillance, and protection strategies worldwide, with emphasis on emerging antibiotic resistance and protection of high-risk populations. The GMI is comprised of a multidisciplinary group of scientists and clinicians representing institutions from several continents.Areas covered: Given that the incidence and prevalence of IMD continually varies both geographically and temporally, and surveillance systems differ worldwide, the true burden of IMD remains unknown. Genomic alterations may increase the epidemic potential of meningococcal strains. Vaccination and (to a lesser extent) antimicrobial prophylaxis are the mainstays of IMD prevention. Experiences from across the globe advocate the use of conjugate vaccines, with promising evidence growing for protein vaccines. Multivalent vaccines can broaden protection against IMD. Application of protection strategies to high-risk groups, including individuals with asplenia, complement deficiencies and human immunodeficiency virus, laboratory workers, persons receiving eculizumab, and men who have sex with men, as well as attendees at mass gatherings, may prevent outbreaks. There was, however, evidence that reduced susceptibility to antibiotics was increasing worldwide. Expert commentary: The current GMI global recommendations were reinforced, with several other global initiatives underway to support IMD protection and prevention.
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| 3. |
- Boberg, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Murine models for HIV vaccination and challenge
- 2008
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Ingår i: Expert Review of Vaccines. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1476-0584 .- 1744-8395. ; 7:1, s. 117-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- HIV-1 only infects humans and chimpanzees. SIV or SHIV are, therefore, used as models for HIV in rhesus, cynomologus and pigtail macaques. Since conducting experiments in primate models does not fully mimic infection or vaccination against HIV-1 and is expensive, there is a great need for small-animal models in which it is possible to study HIV-1 infection, immunity and vaccine efficacy. This review summarizes the available murine models for studying HIV-1 infection with an emphasis on our experience of the HIV-1-infected-cell challenge as a model for evaluating candidate HIV-1 vaccines. In the cell-based challenge model, several important factors that, hopefully, can be related to vaccine efficacy in humans were discovered: the efficiency of combining plasmid DNA representing several of the viral genes originating from multiple clades of HIV-1, the importance of adjuvants activating innate and induced immunity and the enhanced HIV eradication by drug-conjugated antibody. © 2008 Future Drugs Ltd.
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| 5. |
- Casswall, TH, et al.
(författare)
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Vaccination of the immunocompromised child
- 2005
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Ingår i: Expert review of vaccines. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1744-8395 .- 1476-0584. ; 4:5, s. 725-738
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Chen, Lin H, et al.
(författare)
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Vaccination of travelers : how far have we come and where are we going?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Expert review of vaccines. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1744-8395 .- 1476-0584. ; 10:11, s. 1609-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vaccine recommendations are a prominent part of health preparations before international travel. We review progress made in the past decade regarding vaccines used primarily by persons traveling from high-income countries to low- and middle-income countries. The combined hepatitis A-B vaccine, the recently licensed Vero cell-derived Japanese encephalitis vaccine and conjugated quadrivalent meningococcal vaccines are discussed. This article provides updates on yellow fever vaccine-associated visceral and neurologic adverse events, indications for influenza vaccine in travelers, the rapid immunization schedule for tick-borne encephalitis vaccine, schedules for postexposure rabies prophylaxis, and new insights about oral cholera vaccines following the outbreak in Haiti. The future should bring vaccines for serogroup B Neiserria meningitidis, dengue and malaria, as well as an inactivated yellow fever vaccine.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Durbin, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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An update on Zika vaccine developments
- 2017
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Ingår i: Expert Review of Vaccines. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1476-0584 .- 1744-8395. ; 16:8, s. 781-787
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The devastating consequences of congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) infection led to a global response directed toward a better understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of ZIKV and to efforts at vaccine development. As a result, there are currently 45 ZIKV vaccine candidates in development. Areas covered: Both traditional (purified inactivated, live attenuated, viral-vectored, recombinant sub-unit) and novel (DNA, self-replicating RNA, mRNA) vaccine platforms are being utilized. For emergency use, vaccines that are appropriate for women of child-bearing age (including pregnant women) are being developed. Live vaccines that may be contraindicated in pregnancy are also in development for potential inclusion in national immunization programmes in childhood or pre-teenage age groups. WHO developed a target product profile for Zika vaccines for use in an emergency. Expert commentary: Although ZIKV vaccine development had a quick head start, further development may be hampered because of the inability to conduct large efficacy trials with the decline in cases globally and unpredictability of new outbreaks. Furthermore, there are complex ethical issues involved in conducting efficacy trials in pregnant women.
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