| 1. |
- Liu, Ju
(författare)
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The roles of emerging multinational companies’ technology-driven FDIs in their learning processes for innovation : A dynamic and contextual perspective
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emerging Markets. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1746-8809 .- 1746-8817. ; 14:1, s. 91-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contextually theorise the different patterns of emerging multinational companies’ (EMNCs’) learning processes for innovation and the different influences of their technology-driven FDIs (TFDIs) on the processes. Design/methodology/approach – A comparative case study method and process tracing technique are employed to investigate how and why firms’ learning processes for innovation took place, how and why the TFDIs emerged and influenced the firms’ learning processes in different ways. Findings – The paper identifies two different patterns of learning process for innovation (Glider model vs Helicopter model) and two different roles of the case firms’ TFDIs (accelerator vs starter) in the different contexts of their learning processes. It is found that the capability building of the domestic wind energy industry has an important influence on the case of EMNCs’ learning processes and thus on the roles of their TFDIs. Research limitations/implications – The limitation of the paper lies in its small number of cases in a specific industry of a specific country. The two contextually identified learning models and roles of TFDIs may not be applied to other industries or other countries. Future research should investigate more cases in broader sectoral and geographic scope to test the models and also to identify new models. Practical implications – For EMNCs, who wants to use the Helicopter model to rapidly gain production and innovation capability, cross-cultural management and integration management are crucial to practitioners. For emerging countries with ambitions to explore the global knowledge and technology pool, besides of the EMNC’s capability building, the capability building in the domestic industries should not be overlooked by policy makers. Originality/value – The paper develops a dynamic and contextual analytical framework which helps to answer the important questions about how and under what context a TFDI emerges and influences firm’s learning process for innovation. It theorises the EMNCs’ learning process and TFDIs in the context of the development of the domestic industry. It strengthens the explanatory power of the learning-based view and adds new knowledge to the current FSA/CSA discourse in the international business literature. Keywords China, Europe, Emerging market multinationals, Foreign direct investment (FDI), Technological innovation, Wind energy
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| 2. |
- Ahamed, A. F. M. Jalal, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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The link between export relationship quality, performance and expectation of continuing the relationship : A South Asia exporters’ perspective
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emerging Markets. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1746-8809 .- 1746-8817. ; 10:1, s. 16-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this study is threefold: to investigate how relationship quality affects export performance; to see if and to what extent export performance affects exporter satisfaction; and to determine whether exporter satisfaction ultimately affects the expectation of continuing the export-import relationship in an emerging market. Design/methodology/approach - The paper reports the findings of a survey of 185 respondents from the ready-made garments industry in Bangladesh chosen from a convenience sample. The responding exporters were located in Dhaka city or nearby areas. The data were analyzed using the partial least squares technique. Findings - The results support four out of five hypotheses, indicating that there is a significant relationship between exporter relationship quality and financial and strategic export performance. Additionally, a positive relationship between financial export performance and exporter satisfaction and between exporter satisfaction and the expectation of continuing the relationship are shown. No significant relationship between strategic export performance and exporter satisfaction is found. Practical implications - The findings have practical implications for managers and policy-makers interested in developing effective strategies for building and maintaining high quality export-import relationships, especially in the context of an emerging market. Originality/value - In order to accomplish the research goal, the main constructs from two influential streams of literature - social exchange theory and the disconfirmation of expectation theory - are utilized. This is new in the context of an emerging economy perspective.
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| 3. |
- Alvstam, Claes G., 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Are multinationals and governments from emerging economies configuring global value chains in new ways?
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emerging Markets. - 1746-8809 .- 1746-8817. ; 15:1, s. 111-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The hallmark of today’s global value chains (GVCs), still dominated bymultinationals fromadvanced economies, is a sophisticated international division of labor based on scale economies and prevailing factor endowment differences between countries. However, GVCs led by multinationals from large emerging economies may be configured on the basis of considerations that supplement factor cost efficiencies, namely, those of societal objectives as formulated by political actors in the home country. In this context, the purpose of this paper is to examine the implications of political and socio-economic factors on GVC configuration of multinational firms. Design/methodology/approach – This paper provides an in-depth case study of a leading Chinese car manufacturer, Zhejiang Geely Holding Group (ZGH) and its value-chain configuration, with a special focus on the acquisition of Volvo Car Corporation. Findings – The authors show how ZGH’s configuration of its GVC, including that of acquired Volvo Car Corporation, takes place in symbiosis with political actors. The advantages and disadvantages of this symbiosis are highlighted. Research limitations/implications – The study focuses on GVC configuration of one company, ZGH, in one industry, the automotive industry, in one emerging economy. The external validity of the study may therefore be limited. Furthermore, the focus is on the geographical/locational configuration of GVCs and ignores the ownership aspects. Originality/value – The paper provides novel empirical evidence to better understand GVC configuration of multinational firms from emerging economies. Paper type Research paper
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| 4. |
- Dadzie, Samuel Ato, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding establishment mode choice of foreign manufacturing firms in Ghana
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emerging Markets. - Bingley, United Kingdom : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1746-8809 .- 1746-8817. ; 10:4, s. 896-920
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the foreign direct investment (FDI) strategies ofmanufacturing firms in Ghana using the eclectic model in order to understand how ownership, location and internalization factors impact FDI to developing countries like Ghana.Design/methodology/approach – The authors use a quantitativemethodology in order to statistically explore the relationships between dependent and independent variables. The data comes from a sample of 75 multinational enterprises that invested in the manufacturing sector between 1994 and 2008.Findings – The results reveal that large firm size, extensive international experience and large market size lead to the choice of acquisition mode of entry, while high cultural distance, high country risk, high proprietary assets and incentives lead to the choice of greenfield mode in the context of Ghana.Research limitations/implications – The results imply that the different economic, businessand legal (locational) conditions of developing countries create different FDI strategies and paths of companies compared to developed markets.Practical implications – Policy makers in developing countries should make efforts to improve market size, the institutional and regulatory environment, as well as the availability of human capital in order to attract FDI.Originality/value – FDI studies have mainly analysed establishment mode strategies of firms in advanced markets. There is an increasing amount of research on FDI in emerging markets but very little on developing countries and African markets. Therefore, this study enables the authors to develop implications for existing theory and generate practical implications for firms and policy makers related to African and developing country markets.
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| 5. |
- Jansson, Hans, 1944-, et al.
(författare)
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A typology of market-seeking investments : Swedish firms in China
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emerging Markets. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1746-8809 .- 1746-8817. ; 14:1, s. 254-262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Regarding globalization trends, it is essential for multinational corporations (MNCs) to operate in China if they are to succeed in the international business environment. It is therefore vital to study how those MNCs investing in China have fared. The purpose of this paper is to devise a robust conceptual framework for the evolvement of market-seeking investments in emerging markets. Design/methodology/approach The typology is based on a network approach to internationalization processes, where a case study is made of Swedish MNCs' experience of the Chinese market. Findings The case study contributes to the mostly static foreign direct investment (FDI) theory as well as the entry mode approach, both of which have paid little attention to the FDI carried out by MNCs in emerging markets 5-15 years after initial entry. Originality/value The case study also contributes to the mostly static FDI theory as well as the entry mode approach, both of which have paid little attention to the various types of FDI carried out by MNCs in emerging markets 5-15 years after initial entry.
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| 6. |
- Jansson, Hans, 1944-, et al.
(författare)
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International Strategic Management Hybrids in China
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emerging Markets. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1746-8809 .- 1746-8817. ; 10:2, s. 209-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to establish a comparative conceptual framework to analyze hybrids of western and Chinese strategic management types, where the foundation is an institutional strategic management theory.Design/methodology/approaeh - This framework is then applied to develop a research instrument that is used in a pilot study of 21 cases in China, primarily Swedish MNCs.Findings - In this study, a complex picture emerges of the various mixes of management types in international firms operating in China. The results demonstrate that the comparative institutional strategic management framework developed seems to work for studying such mixtures of management types.Researeh limitations/implieations - The discussion is based on the assumption of two dominating management types in international firms in China. The authors have found different mixtures among the firms. Besides strategic management, the theory and instrument might also be useful for human resource management issues like recruitment and talent management.Praetieal implieations - Practical implications include a potentially useful measurement tool for strategic management in international firms and for evaluating executives in existing and new positions. Moreover, a contribution is made to global management, since the framework is also useful for comparing strategic management types of international firms in and outside China.Originality/value - This paper contributes to this research in two ways. First, a comparative theory is specified to study the hybrids of strategic management types of international firms, especially for firms in China. Second, an instrument is developed for researching such management mixes and used on a pilot study of international firms operating in China.
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| 7. |
- Jansson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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International strategic management hybrids in China
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emerging Markets. - 1746-8809 .- 1746-8817. ; 10:2, s. 209-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeA comparative conceptual framework is established to analyze hybrids of Western and Chinese strategic management types, where the foundation is an institutional strategic management theory.Design/methodology/approachThis framework is then applied to develop a research instrument that is used in a pilot study of 21 cases in China, primarily Swedish MNCs.FindingsIn this study, a complex picture emerges of the various mixes of management types in international firms operating in China. The results demonstrate that the comparative institutional strategic management framework developed seems to work for studying such mixtures of management types.Research limitations/implicationsOur discussion is based on the assumption of two dominating management types in international firms in China. We have found different mixtures among the firms. Besides strategic management, the theory and instrument might also be useful for human resource management issues like recruitment and talent management.Practical implicationsPractical implications include a potentially useful measurement tool for strategic management in international firms and for evaluating executives in existing and new positions.Moreover, a contribution is made to global management, since the framework is also useful for comparing strategic management types of international firms in and outside China.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to this research in two ways. First, a comparative theory is specified to study the hybrids of strategic management types of international firms, especially for firms in China. Second, an instrument is developed for researching such management mixes and used on a pilot study of international firms operating in China.
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| 8. |
- Oguji, Nnamdi, et al.
(författare)
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Africa as a source location : literature review and implications
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emerging Markets. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1746-8809 .- 1746-8817. ; 9:3, s. 424-438
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the scope of sourcing research in Sub-Sahara African (SSA) from scholarly journals published from 1980 to 2013 on sourcing-related issues. The study identifies what is known about sourcing from this region and the implications for managers and researchers in supply chain management.Design/methodology/approach– Totally, 40 scholarly journals (supply chain journals and other journals publishing on diverse business topics) were found relevant and reviewed. Content (all field) search using the names of each SSA countries (e.g. Nigeria, South Africa, Ghana, etc.) was carried out in the supply chain journals to filter out articles discussing sourcing-related topics. For other business journals, keyword search was performed (procurement, sourcing, purchasing, outsourcing, supplier relations, supplier selection, supplier development, supply management, offshore, supply chain and logistics).Findings– The literature review suggests that studies discussing sourcing issues in SSA have focussed mainly on challenges of sourcing from SSA, and they provide some insights on implementation of supply chain tools such as total quality management, negotiating and selecting suppliers from SSA, and just-in time purchasing. However, the authors found that there is an under-representation of this region in supply chain management literature. More so, the articles discussing sourcing issues in Africa are limited in scope empirically and theoretically in comparison with the large amount of contributions in other emerging economies of Asia and developed economies.Research limitations/implications– The limited amount of publications and contributions does not allow us to provide an integrated framework for sourcing from SSA.Practical implications– There is a need for future research to explore how the SSA context could enhance theorizing in supply chains. Also, there is need for researchers to extend the sourcing debate from the over emphasis on technology sourcing, knowledge intensive service outsourcing and component sourcing to other lower value-added products such as agricultural products and other raw materials sourced in SSA.Originality/value– This paper is one of the first to explore the scope of sourcing in Africa. As the findings suggest, there have been limited amount of papers published about this region. The review provides a perspective for researchers to explore this region and to aid theory development in supply chains. It also provided implications on how to support research publication focussing on this region and how to inform managerial perceptions on sourcing from SSA.
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| 9. |
- Richard, Evelyn, et al.
(författare)
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Credit risk management system of a commercial bank in Tanzania
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Emerging Markets. - : Emerald. - 1746-8809 .- 1746-8817. ; 3:3, s. 323-332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual model to be used further in understanding credit risk management (CRM) system of commercial banks (CBs) in an economy with less developed financial sector. Design/methodology/approach - The paper reviews existing literature that consists mostly evidence from developed countries. A study model is proposed with amendment to fit Tanzania's environment. This is achieved through the use of both secondary (various relevant documents) and primary (interviews) information from a CB and key management officials dealing with credit management. The selected CB is active in lending, has both foreign and local characteristics in its operations and has been in operation for a relatively longer period. Findings - The main finding of this paper is that the components of CRM system differ in CBs operating in a less developed economy from those in a developed economy. This implies that the environment within which the bank operates is an important consideration for a CRM system to be successful. Originality/value - Tanzania, a less developed economy, provides an excellent case for studying how CBs operating in economies with less developed financial sector manage their credit risk. The paper identifies issues to be studied further in order to establish a CRM system by CBs operating in Tanzania.
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| 10. |
- Roininen, Sari
(författare)
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Start-ups' achievement of competitive advantages trough network relations
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of Technoentrepreneurship. - 1746-5370 .- 1746-5389. ; 1:3, s. 278-295
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inter-organisational relations are viewed as sources of essential information, resources, and capabilities, improving the innovativeness and performance of small ventures. There is however a lack of research investigating inter-organizational cooperation among new ventures and its effect on firm competitiveness. This study investigates how new ventures achieve competitive advantages through network relations. The results, targeting a sample of 171 Swedish start-ups, highlight the significance of strong ties for new ventures' competitive advantages, especially among complex new ventures: the less familiar methods and the more task variety a new venture has, the stronger the link is between tie strength and achieved competitiveness.
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