| 1. |
- Azar, Jimmy C., et al.
(författare)
-
Image segmentation and identification of paired antibodies in breast tissue
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Computational & Mathematical Methods in Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1748-670X .- 1748-6718. ; , s. 647273:1-11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Comparing staining patterns of paired antibodies designed towards a specific protein but toward different epitopes of the protein provides quality control over the binding and the antibodies' ability to identify the target protein correctly and exclusively. We present a method for automated quantification of immunostaining patterns for antibodies in breast tissue using the Human Protein Atlas database. In such tissue, dark brown dye 3,3'-diaminobenzidine is used as an antibody-specific stain whereas the blue dye hematoxylin is used as a counterstain. The proposed method is based on clustering and relative scaling of features following principal component analysis. Our method is able (1) to accurately segment and identify staining patterns and quantify the amount of staining and (2) to detect paired antibodies by correlating the segmentation results among different cases. Moreover, the method is simple, operating in a low-dimensional feature space, and computationally efficient which makes it suitable for high-throughput processing of tissue microarrays.
|
|
| 2. |
- Bengtsson, Ewert, et al.
(författare)
-
Screening for Cervical Cancer Using Automated Analysis of PAP-Smears
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Computational & Mathematical Methods in Medicine. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1748-670X .- 1748-6718. ; 2014, s. 842037:1-12
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cervical cancer is one of the most deadly and common forms of cancer among women if no action is taken to prevent it, yet it is preventable through a simple screening test, the so-called PAP-smear. This is the most effective cancer prevention measure developed so far. But the visual examination of the smears is time consuming and expensive and there have been numerous attempts at automating the analysis ever since the test was introduced more than 60 years ago. The first commercial systems for automated analysis of the cell samples appeared around the turn of the millennium but they have had limited impact on the screening costs. In this paper we examine the key issues that need to be addressed when an automated analysis system is developed and discuss how these challenges have been met over the years. The lessons learned may be useful in the efforts to create a cost-effective screening system that could make affordable screening for cervical cancer available for all women globally, thus preventing most of the quarter million annual unnecessary deaths still caused by this disease.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Hahn, Robert, et al.
(författare)
-
Plasma Volume Expansion Resulting from Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Computational & Mathematical Methods in Medicine. - : Taylor and Francis / Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1748-670X .- 1748-6718. ; 2011:965075
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To quantify the degree of plasma volume expansion that occurs during an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT). Methods. Twenty healthy volunteers (mean age, 28 years) underwent IVGTTs in which 0.3 g/kg of glucose 30% was injected as a bolus over 1 min. Twelve blood samples were collected over 75 min. The plasma glucose and blood hemoglobin concentrations were used to calculate the volume distribution (??) and the clearance (??) of both the exogenous glucose and the injected fluid volume. Results. The IVGTT caused a virtually instant plasma volume expansion of 10%. The half-life of the glucose averaged 15 min and the plasma volume expansion 16 min. Correction of the fluid kinetic model for osmotic effects after injection reduced ?? for the infused volume by 85%, which illustrates the strength of osmosis in allocating fluid back to the intracellular fluid space. Simulations indicated that plasma volume expansion can be reduced to 60% by increasing the injection time from 1 to 5 min and reducing the glucose load from 0.3 to 0.2 g/kg. Conclusion. A regular IVGTT induced an acute plasma volume expansion that peaked at 10% despite the fact that only 50–80 mL of fluid were administered.
|
|
| 5. |
- Javeed, Ashir, et al.
(författare)
-
Machine Learning-Based Automated Diagnostic Systems Developed for Heart Failure Prediction Using Different Types of Data Modalities : A Systematic Review and Future Directions
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Computational & Mathematical Methods in Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1748-670X .- 1748-6718. ; 2022
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the leading causes of deaths around the globe is heart disease. Heart is an organ that is responsible for the supply of blood to each part of the body. Coronary artery disease (CAD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) often lead to heart attack. Traditional medical procedures (angiography) for the diagnosis of heart disease have higher cost as well as serious health concerns. Therefore, researchers have developed various automated diagnostic systems based on machine learning (ML) and data mining techniques. ML-based automated diagnostic systems provide an affordable, efficient, and reliable solutions for heart disease detection. Various ML, data mining methods, and data modalities have been utilized in the past. Many previous review papers have presented systematic reviews based on one type of data modality. This study, therefore, targets systematic review of automated diagnosis for heart disease prediction based on different types of modalities, i.e., clinical feature-based data modality, images, and ECG. Moreover, this paper critically evaluates the previous methods and presents the limitations in these methods. Finally, the article provides some future research directions in the domain of automated heart disease detection based on machine learning and multiple of data modalities.
|
|
| 6. |
- Julkunen, Petro, et al.
(författare)
-
A Review of the Combination of Experimental Measurements and Fibril-Reinforced Modeling for Investigation of Articular Cartilage and Chondrocyte Response to Loading
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Computational & Mathematical Methods in Medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1748-6718 .- 1748-670X.
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The function of articular cartilage depends on its structure and composition, sensitively impaired in disease (e. g. osteoarthritis, OA). Responses of chondrocytes to tissue loading are modulated by the structure. Altered cell responses as an effect of OA may regulate cartilage mechanotransduction and cell biosynthesis. To be able to evaluate cell responses and factors affecting the onset and progression of OA, local tissue and cell stresses and strains in cartilage need to be characterized. This is extremely challenging with the presently available experimental techniques and therefore computational modeling is required. Modern models of articular cartilage are inhomogeneous and anisotropic, and they include many aspects of the real tissue structure and composition. In this paper, we provide an overview of the computational applications that have been developed for modeling the mechanics of articular cartilage at the tissue and cellular level. We concentrate on the use of fibril-reinforced models of cartilage. Furthermore, we introduce practical considerations for modeling applications, including also experimental tests that can be combined with the modeling approach. At the end, we discuss the prospects for patient-specific models when aiming to use finite element modeling analysis and evaluation of articular cartilage function, cellular responses, failure points, OA progression, and rehabilitation.
|
|
| 7. |
- Kim, Jinhyuk, et al.
(författare)
-
A Practical Guide to Analyzing Time-Varying Associations between Physical Activity and Affect Using Multilevel Modeling
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Computational & Mathematical Methods in Medicine. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1748-670X .- 1748-6718. ; 2018
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is growing interest in within-person associations of objectively measured physical and physiological variables with psychological states in daily life. Here we provide a practical guide with SAS code of multilevel modeling for analyzing physical activity data obtained by accelerometer and self-report data from intensive and repeated measures using ecological momentary assessments (EMA). We review previous applications of EMA in research and clinical settings and the analytical tools that are useful for EMA research. We exemplify the analyses of EMA data with cases on physical activity data and affect and discuss the future challenges in the field.
|
|
| 8. |
- Kim, Tae-Yun, et al.
(författare)
-
3D Texture Analysis in Renal Cell Carcinoma Tissue Image Grading
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Computational & Mathematical Methods in Medicine. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1748-670X .- 1748-6718. ; 2014, s. 536217:1-12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the most significant processes in cancer cell and tissue image analysis is the efficient extraction of features for grading purposes. This research applied two types of three-dimensional texture analysis methods to the extraction of feature values from renal cell carcinoma tissue images, and then evaluated the validity of the methods statistically through grade classification. First, we used a confocal laser scanning microscope to obtain image slices of four grades of renal cell carcinoma, which were then reconstructed into 3D volumes. Next, we extracted quantitative values using a 3D gray level cooccurrence matrix (GLCM) and a 3D wavelet based on two types of basis functions. To evaluate their validity, we predefined 6 different statistical classifiers and applied these to the extracted feature sets. In the grade classification results, 3D Haar wavelet texture features combined with principal component analysis showed the best discrimination results. Classification using 3D wavelet texture features was significantly better than 3D GLCM, suggesting that the former has potential for use in a computer-based grading system.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Nemes, Szilard, 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
Integrative genomics with mediation analysis in a survival context
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Computational and mathematical methods in medicine. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1748-6718 .- 1748-670X. ; 2013, s. 413783-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- DNA copy number aberrations (DCNA) and subsequent altered gene expression profiles may have a major impact on tumor initiation, on development, and eventually on recurrence and cancer-specific mortality. However, most methods employed in integrative genomic analysis of the two biological levels, DNA and RNA, do not consider survival time. In the present note, we propose the adoption of a survival analysis-based framework for the integrative analysis of DCNA and mRNA levels to reveal their implication on patient clinical outcome with the prerequisite that the effect of DCNA on survival is mediated by mRNA levels. The specific aim of the paper is to offer a feasible framework to test the DCNA-mRNA-survival pathway. We provide statistical inference algorithms for mediation based on asymptotic results. Furthermore, we illustrate the applicability of the method in an integrative genomic analysis setting by using a breast cancer data set consisting of 141 invasive breast tumors. In addition, we provide implementation in R.
|
|
