| 1. |
- Rakityansky, S. A., et al.
(författare)
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Multi-channel analog of the effective-range expansion
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics A. - : IOP Publishing. - 1751-8113 .- 1751-8121. ; 44:11, s. 115303-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Similar to the standard effective-range expansion that is done near the threshold energy, we obtain a generalized power-series expansion of the multi-channel Jost-matrix that can be done near an arbitrary point on the Riemann surface of the energy within the domain of its analyticity. In order to do this, we analytically factorize its momentum dependences at all the branching points on the Riemann surface. The remaining single-valued matrix functions of the energy are then expanded in the power series near an arbitrary point in the domain of the complex energy plane where it is analytic. A systematic and accurate procedure has been developed for calculating the expansion coefficients. This means that near an arbitrary point in the domain of physically interesting complex energies it is possible to obtain a semi-analytic expression for the Jost-matrix (and therefore for the S-matrix) and use it, for example, to locate the spectral points (bound and resonant states) as the S-matrix poles.
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| 2. |
- Copland, Lotta, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Muscle mass and exercise capacity in cancer patients after major upper gastrointestinal surgery.
- 2010
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Ingår i: e-SPEN, the European e-journal of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. - 1751-4991. ; 5:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & aims Nutritional therapy has traditionally been evaluated by changes in weight and in food intake, while body composition and function may be of greater clinical significance. We investigated relationships between total body skeletal muscle mass (TBSMM), energy balance and exercise capacity in 41 patients before, 6 and 12 months after curatively intended major upper gastrointestinal surgery. Methods TBSMM and body energy content were assessed by DXA. Exercise capacity was measured on a treadmill. Energy balance was defined as the difference in body energy content at two points in time. Results During the first postoperative year average weight loss was 7% although 1 our of 3 patients remained weight stable (WS). Average TBSMM decreased significantly at 6 months (0.9 kg, p < 0.01), but was regained at 12 months, as was exercise capacity. 72% of weight losing patients (WL) lost TBSMM compared to 17% of WS patients, p < 0.01. Both TBSMM and changes in TBSMM, but not changes in energy content, were correlated to exercise capacity, r2 = 0.49, p < 0.001 and r2 = 0.15, p < 0.05 respectively. Conclusions TBSMM and exercise capacity were clearly related in cancer patients after major upper gastrointestinal surgery, as were changes in TBSMM and exercise capacity. Energy balance was not directly correlated to exercise capacity, but more WS than WL patients increased their TBSMM indicating a possible influence by energy balance.
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| 3. |
- Eriksson, Susanne, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Food choice is reflected in serum markers and anthropometric measures in healthy 8-yr old.
- 2010
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Ingår i: e-SPEN, the European e-Journal of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 1751-4991. ; 5:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In healthy 4-yr-olds 17% were overweight/obese and high fat intake was associated with lower body weight and BMI. Aim: The objective was to analyse food intake and the relationship to anthropometry at the age of 8 yrs. Design: One-hundred and fourteen 8-yr-olds were investigated. Questionnaires were used for lifestyle, health and food choice combined with a 24-h dietary recall. Serum concentrations of vitamin D (25(OH)D) and phospholipid fatty acid concentrations were measured in 97 children. Results: Percentage of overweight/obesity was similar to 4-yr-olds. Saturated fat intake was higher than recommended. Consumption of full fat milk was negatively associated to BMI, like protein and fat intake per kg body weight. A moderate intake of fat fish was associated with higher serum concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids. Serum 25(OH)D levels were correlated to the intake. Junk food was mainly restricted to weekends and associated to higher energy, fat and sucrose intake, without association to anthropometry. Conclusion: Food pattern was similar to that at 4 yrs of age suggesting that food habits were established at an early age. High saturated fat intake was not negatively influencing anthropometry. Serum markers reflected the intake of fish, milk and vitamin D.
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| 4. |
- Gunningberg, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Pre- and postoperative nutritional status and predictors for surgical wound infections in elective orthopaedic and thoracic patients
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 3:3, s. e93-e101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To describe pre- and postoperative nutritional status for patients undergoing elective orthopaedic or thoracic surgery, compare different methods for screening and assessment of nutritional status and identify predictors for surgical-wound infection. Method: Ninety-four patients were consecutively included and assessed preoperatively using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), nutritional screening indicators (NSI), nutrition risk index (NRI), and the biochemical indicators serum albumin (S-Albumin) and serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (S-IGF-1). Thirty days postoperatively, a structured infection surveillance questionnaire, weight and blood sampling were conducted. Results: The prevalence of malnutrition preoperatively ranged from 3.2% (PG-SGA) to 17.0–17.1% (S-IGF-1 and NSI). Thirty days postoperatively, the body weight, the body mass index and S-Albumin had decreased, while the S-IGF-1 had increased significantly. The only significant correlation between different methods preoperatively was found between S-Albumin and S-IGF-1. The agreement between NRI and S-Albumin was fair. Six patients (6.4%) developed surgical-wound infections. Preoperative S-Albumin was significantly lower for patients who developed surgical-wound infection compared to those who did not. Conclusion: The prevalence of malnutrition and risk for malnutrition in patients undergoing elective surgery varied depending on which evaluation method was used. Low preoperative S-Albumin was identified as the only significant predictor for surgical-wound infection.
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| 5. |
- Holst, M., et al.
(författare)
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Well-established nutritional structure in Scandinavian hospitals is accompanied by increased quality of nutritional care
- 2009
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Ingår i: e-SPEN. - : Elsevier BV. - 1751-4991. ; 4:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate Scandinavian nurses self-reported attitudes, practice and barriers towards nutrition practice, and to explore whether nurses working in departments with a well defined structure (w-DS) for nutritional aspects, have better nutritional practise. Preventing and treating undernutrition is shown to be complicated. Investigations are needed to priority efforts. The design is a questionnaire-based investigation of Scandinavian hospital nurses attitudes and practise to clinical nutrition. A questionnaire regarding nutritional care process sent to 6000 nurses in Scandinavia. A definition of w-DS and p-DS (less defined structure) was made according to ESPEN Guidelines. Nurses were classified as working at w-DS or p-DS departments, if three or more of five organisational structure markers were met. Overall 2759 responded. Discrepancy was found between attitudes and practise (p less than 0.0001). W-DS was found in 49%. Nurses who worked at departments with w-DS had higher frequency for nutrition actions (p less than 0.0001). Knowledge and time past graduation, were amongst independent factors for good nutritional structure (p less than 0.0001). Differences were seen between countries and specialities (p less than 0.0005). Organisation structure recommended by ESPEN seems important. Knowledge and experience were independent factors for good nutrition structure. The content of nutrition education needs consideration.
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| 6. |
- Sjöholm, Kajsa, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Macronutrient and alcohol intake is associated with intermuscular adipose tissue in a randomly selected group of younger and older men and women
- 2016
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Ingår i: e - SPEN: the European e-journal of clinical nutrition and metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 1751-4991. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Alcohol and macronutrient intake have been found to be related to general and central body fat distribution. Intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is a small ectopic fat depot located within the muscle bundles. IMAT is important for muscle function, mobility and energy homeostasis and also associated with cardiovascular- and diabetes-related risk factors. Aim To test the hypothesis that macronutrient and alcohol intake is associated with IMAT. Methods 50 men and 50 women, randomly selected from the general population formed height- and weight-representative age groups of 50 younger (27–31 years) and 50 older (57–61 years) subjects. A dietary questionnaire was used to estimate habitual intake of foods and beverages. Body composition including IMAT was measured with computed tomography. Results Energy percent (E%) carbohydrates were negatively associated with IMAT in men (β: −0.6234, P < 0.05) and in younger subjects (β: −0.792, P < 0.05). E% alcohol was positively associated with IMAT in women (β: 2.3663, P < 0.01) and in older subjects (β: 1.232, P < 0.01). In younger individuals, E% protein was positively associated with IMAT (β: 1.840, P < 0.05). Centralized and general body fat distributions were positively associated with IMAT. S- (serum) cholesterol was positively associated with IMAT in men (β: 0.05177, P < 0.01) and younger individuals (β: 0.06701, P < 0.01). Conclusions These cross-sectional analyses showed associations between measures of body fat distribution and IMAT as well as associations between macronutrient- and alcohol intake and IMAT. Since IMAT is situated within the energy demanding striated muscles, our data could suggest that changes in dietary energy intake and macronutrient distribution may induce changes in IMAT in both normal weight and obese subjects.
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| 7. |
- Slinde, Frode, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Reproducibility of indirect calorimetry in underweight patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- 2008
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Ingår i: e-SPEN, the European e-Journal of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 1751-4991. ; 3:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & aims Studies have shown that reproducibility of indirect calorimetry in healthy subjects is high, but none have studied this in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The aim was to examine the reproducibility of indirect calorimetry in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and to compare measured resting metabolic rate to prediction equations of resting metabolic rate. Methods Resting metabolic rate was assessed twice the same week and was also predicted using four different equations in 41 (30 women, 11 men) underweight patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Results There was no statistical significant difference between the two measurement occasions. The mean between-day coefficient of variation was 4.1%. The difference between occasions of indirect calorimetry was 50 kJ with limits of agreement −740–640 kJ. The prediction equation assessing the largest part (68.3%) of the patient group within 90%–110% of measured resting metabolic rate was based on fat free mass. Conclusions Reproducibility of indirect calorimetry to assess resting metabolic rate in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is high and prediction of resting metabolic rate shows poor agreement with measured resting metabolic rate. This finding underlines the importance of follow up of nutritional care.
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