| 1. |
- Andersen, Lars Pynt, et al.
(författare)
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Unpacking Nordic branding : the value regimes of Nordicness
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Place Management and Development. - 1753-8335 .- 1753-8343. ; 14:3, s. 362-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThis paper aims to develop place branding theory toward the accommodation of a multifaceted understanding of value and value negotiation by Nordic branding actors by way of answering the following question: How is Nordicness appropriated by Nordic branding actors and what value regimes are drawn on in the process?Design/methodology/approachUsing field data from a selection of branding actors and sectors in Norway, Sweden and Denmark, a qualitative analysis of Nordic branding performances is used to unpack the negotiations of valuation of worth.FindingsThe analysis identified three principle orders of worth behind Nordicness (civic, green and inspired) that are negotiated through compromises between orders of industry and domestic and by contesting the orders of fame and market. The findings indicate how Nordicness is performed as principle worths and tensions and how these are rendered meaningful as propositions of “value as difference” as they are performed in practice by brand actors.Originality/valueSeveral studies focus on how place branding “adds value;” however, few studies have been aimed at unpacking how a “value universe” is negotiated as a more complex understanding of worth or “value.” This study thus opens up for branding heterogeneity, which signifies awareness of competing notions and orders of worth among small- and medium-sized enterprises and other central stakeholders; this could further inspire interdisciplinary, value-based research into the potential contingencies of (product) branding and place branding in other contexts and regions.
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| 2. |
- Bassols Gardella, Narcís, et al.
(författare)
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Place attributes and company names : an empirical and conceptual study into public branding and business strategies
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Place Management and Development. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1753-8335 .- 1753-8343.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThis research finds out to what extent companies’ names are influenced by the place’s attributes versus the official branding policies of a place and, consequently, whether and how local companies “buy into” the place’s strategies put forth by official bodies.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is both conceptual and empirical, as a mixed quantitative and interpretive approach is used. The companies’ names of a tourist industry (the tour and guiding companies) in three destinations are compared and pitched against the branding of these cities. The companies' names are classified into categories to ascertain whether they reflect (or diverge from) the official strategies. Finally, a conceptual model is developed to explain the findings: the strategic naming model (SNM).FindingsOur main finding is that the overall business features of a place being stronger determinants to the naming strategies than tourist destination branding initiatives. The intrinsic features of a place seem thus to be “above” destination branding policies. The researched features account for different naming strategies, such as highly original names, flat names or non-strategic names.Research limitations/implicationsAs the work is based on a convenience sample, it cannot claim strong representativity. The fact that each of the three data sets was processed by a different researcher might bring up personal biases.Practical implicationsThis work is a call for a more intensive use of naming strategies to the companies’ advantages, as naming is found out to be strategy used to a very low degree. Thanks to this research, companies will understand the different naming possibilities and be able to apply them to their strategies by choosing names which express “uniqueness” or “belonging”. Practitioners will also be aware of whether they are communicating towards the industry or towards the market.Originality/valueNo works were found that empirically pursue our research goals. Therefore, this research might be considered as a novelty. The proposed SNM model explains and relates the most usual company naming techniques, which were unrelated up to date.
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| 3. |
- Bassols, Narcís, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring destination brand disengagement in a top-down policy context : Lessons learned from Cartagena, Colombia
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Place Management and Development. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1753-8335 .- 1753-8343. ; 13:3, s. 347-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThis paper aims to analyze the case of Cartagena, Colombia, as a case of a failed destination branding. It also broadens the findings by connecting them to the extant literature about place branding, thus making this paper more explanatory. It tries to fit the fieldwork’s findings into the two main streams of branding research (bottom-up vs top-down). This paper also gives practical insights into the destination’s network of stakeholders and discusses ways to improve the destination’s management and branding.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a mixed methodology approach. Field work consisted of online questionnaire to hospitality employees in the city plus semi-structured interviews conducted with 18 “expert” stakeholders in the destination. This paper is of empirical nature.FindingsThe main cause of the destination’s brand failure is found to be the top-down approach to the place brand strategy. The literature shows that cases such as this one are more common than assumed, and a possible way out of the problem is the application of bottom-up or “mixed” approaches, as these may circumvent the problems found.Research limitations/implicationsCases like this one illustrate very well a local context but might be difficult to transfer to other contexts, so the generalization power of this paper is limited to similar places in the sociopolitical sense of the term.Practical implicationsFor place branding practitioners and destination management organizations , this paper is a call for participative approaches which include all of the stakeholders of a place.Originality/valueThis paper offers an in-depth study of a branding case in Latin America, a part of the world relatively unexplored in the branding literature. On the basis of the presented case, this paper pitches top-down versus bottom-up approaches. Finally, it explains the findings by connecting the place to its broad geographical context.
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| 4. |
- Björner, Emma
(författare)
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International positioning through online city branding: the case of Chengdu
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Place Management and Development. - 1753-8335 .- 1753-8343. ; 6:3, s. 203-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of the present study is to add to the existing research on online city branding by studying how metropolitan cities are internationally positioned using the Internet and online branding. The focus is on objectives and strategies, method and expression (including five illustrations), and challenges in online city branding.Design/methodology/approach: The article relies on a single-case study approach, using the Chinese city of Chengdu as a case and illustration. Methods used are interviews, observations and documentation (including online material).Findings: The study illustrates how Chengdu uses online city branding in its international positioning. Chengdu’s online branding is influenced by certain imagery, as well as challenges. Collaboration and endorsement crystalize as central elements in Chengdu’s online city branding.Implications: This article and study can be seen as an important element in broadening the understanding for online city branding to international audiences. The study offers insights to practitioners on how online city branding is carried out in a Chinese context and in the city of Chengdu.Originality/value: The study can be regarded as an important contribution to an area of practice and research which still is fairly new and unexplored, and an area that hitherto has not been well covered in the international literature.
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| 5. |
- Caprioli, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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The inevitability of essentializing culture in destination branding : the cases of fika and hygge
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Place Management and Development. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1753-8335 .- 1753-8343. ; :3, s. 346-361
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose This paper aims to focus on the re-presentation of the cultural phenomena hygge in Denmark and fika in Sweden in destination branding and address the inevitability of their essentialization through the branding process. Design/methodology/approach Three relevant semi-structured interviews with destination marketing organisation's employees were conducted, as well as a content-based analysis of three social media channels (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram). A total of 465 posts in total were analysed (140 Facebook posts, 109 Twitter posts, 216 Instagram posts). Findings This study demonstrates how, when communicated through social media, intangible cultural assets are transformed into tangible elements. It explains why the re-presentation and place branding processes necessarily simplify and essentialize the destination. Originality/value Destination branding scholars have traditionally criticised the flattening and essentialization of culture in destination branding and have called for a more nuanced approach to presenting a destination. This paper situates destination branding as a process that necessitates the manipulation of the presentation of the destination, which inevitably essentializes the place; this is intended. Critical destination branding researchers need to rethink their criticisms and acknowledge the inherent essentialization goal of destination branding.
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| 6. |
- Eronen, Minna
(författare)
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Aesthetic atmospheres and their affordances in urban squares
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Place Management and Development. - : Emerald Publishing. - 1753-8335 .- 1753-8343.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study aims to explore aesthetic atmospheres and their affordances in urban squares to advance knowledge on the research and design of attractive living environments.Design/methodology/approach: Descriptions of pleasant and unpleasant experiences of urban squares were collected using qualitative questionnaires with open-ended questions. The theoretical framework and the lens of aesthetic affordances were applied to pinpoint and understand the connections between the place attributes and experiences.Findings: This study found four distinct aesthetic atmospheres formed by perceived synergies of both the material and immaterial aspects of the environment. It was also found that the atmospheres may shift. A model that shows the aesthetic atmospheres and their potential affordances as layered and emerging is presented.Research limitations/implications: Everyday aesthetics considered as affordances open new research perspectives for the understanding of what generates attractive living environments – or not.Practical implications: Aesthetics affordances may provide the design professionals and alike means on how to design places that engender specific aesthetic atmosphere.Social implications: Gathering and discussing commonplace aesthetic experiences in everyday life may enhance democratic participation in place development among people with different levels of design expertise.Originality/value: This study combines theories of place with a novel concept of aesthetic affordances to identify distinct aesthetic atmospheres. A holistic overview structure of how the various constituents of aesthetic atmospheres relate to each other provides new ways of studying and understanding urban aesthetic atmospheres.
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| 7. |
- Feng, Songming, et al.
(författare)
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Residents and the place branding process : socio-spatial construction of a locked-down city's brand identity
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Place Management and Development. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1753-8335 .- 1753-8343. ; 16:3, s. 440-462
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeBuilding on Kavaratzis and Hatch's (2013) identity-based place branding model, this paper aims to explore the spatial and social dimensions of the place brand identity formation process and how residents used social media to participate in the process of shaping a city brand during a crisis. Design/methodology/approachAdopting an interpretive and social constructionist approach, this study analyses a sample of 187 short videos created and posted by Wuhan residents on the social media app Douyin during a COVID-19 lockdown. The authors read the videos as cultural texts and analysed underlying social processes in the construction of place brand identity by residents. FindingsThis study develops an adapted conceptual model of place identity formation unfolding in four sub-processes: expressing, impressing, mirroring and reflecting, and each sub-process subsumes two dimensions: the social and the spatial. In addition, this study empirically describes how residents participated in place branding processes in two ways, namely, their construction of city brand identity via communicative practice and their exertion of changes to a city brand during a crisis. The model reveals how place brands emerge and can be transformed. Originality/valueThis paper amplifies Kavaratzis and Hatch's (2013) identity-based place branding model by testing it in an empirical study and highlighting the social and spatial dimensions. This paper contributes to research about participatory place branding by exploring how residents participated in the place branding process. This study analysed short videos on social media, a new communication format, rather than textual narratives dominating past studies.
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| 8. |
- Hall, C. Michael, et al.
(författare)
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The 2015 Cricket World Cup in Christchurch Using an event for post-disaster reimagine and regeneration
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Place Management and Development. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1753-8335 .- 1753-8343. ; 13:1, s. 4-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose This study aims to focus on the development and upgrading of the Hagley Park cricket oval in Christchurch for the 2015 Cricket World Cup and how this hallmark event was used a catalyst to rebrand the city following the 2010 and 2011 earthquakes. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on the findings from research conducted between 2012 and 2016. Data for the analysis were collected from mainstream media, sport organisations websites and government archives. In addition, a two-round series of semi-structured interviews with relevant stakeholders was undertaken in the aftermath of the Cricket World Cup. Findings In the case of Christchurch, the earthquakes and the destruction of much of the downtown provided a recovery opportunity, with the 2015 Cricket World Cup used to expedite the development of a new sporting venue in the city centre and rebrand the city to international tourists and sport enthusiasts. Originality/value This research provides further evidence on the logics of disaster capitalism and how cities embark on costly redevelopment projects for sports and events whilst overlooking exacerbating vulnerabilities among the local community.
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| 9. |
- Källström, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Place branding in the eyes of the place stakeholders – paradoxes in the perceptions of the meaning and scope of place branding
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Place Management and Development. - : Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.. - 1753-8335 .- 1753-8343. ; , s. 16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Although the place stakeholders play a key role in participatory place branding, surprisingly little interest has been shown in the people involved in participatory place branding initiatives. The purpose of this study is to explore place stakeholders’ perceptions of the meaning and scope of place branding. Design/methodology/approach: This paper is based on two cases of participatory place branding, and the research design is inspired by participatory action research. The empirical material comprises observations, qualitative questionnaires and interviews. Findings: This study identifies and describes four paradoxes in place stakeholders’ perceptions of the meaning and scope of place branding, embracing the target group (internal vs external), the objective (explore vs exploit), the stakeholders’ role (active vs passive) and the main value of place branding initiatives (process vs outcome). Furthermore, in this study, the place stakeholders’ paradoxical perceptions of place branding meant that, during the participatory processes, the authors encountered and needed to manage various opinions and behaviours, for example, “critics”, “innovators” and “relators”. Originality/value: This paper contributes with a new perspective on participatory place branding. By capturing place stakeholders’ perceptions and understanding of place branding, this paper develops our knowledge and understanding of the starting point of participatory processes.
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| 10. |
- Källström, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Place satisfaction revisited : residents’ perceptions of “a good place to live”
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Place Management and Development. - : Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.. - 1753-8335 .- 1753-8343. ; 12:3, s. 274-290
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Using service-based logic as its theoretical lens, this study aims to approach residents’ place satisfaction in a novel way. The purpose is to explore residents’ perception of the place in which they live and to shed new light on their place satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is based on explorative qualitative focus group research. Data were collected in two typical municipalities in southern Sweden. The sampling procedure was purposive, resulting in six focus groups, consisting of a total of 33 residents. The empirical material was transcribed and analyzed using a structured content analysis inspired by grounded theory. Findings: A model for understanding residents’ perceptions of what constitutes a good place to live is introduced. The model shows that many value propositions are produced in the provider sphere, independent of the user, for example by the municipality or the business sector. Other value propositions are co-created in a joint sphere, meaning that the user is actively involved in the production of these value propositions. The resident then uses different value propositions to create value-in-use in the resident sphere, independent of the provider, and to co-create value-in-use in the joint sphere. Originality/value: The study creates a bridge between the stream of research on place satisfaction and studies that take stakeholders and co-creation into consideration; it shifts from the prevalent provider perspective on place branding and static place attributes to a focus on the relationship between users and providers.
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