| 1. |
- Ceccato, Vania
(författare)
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Integrating geographical information into urban safety research and planning
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institute of Civil Engineers. - : Thomas Telford Ltd.. - 1755-0793 .- 1755-0807. ; 166:1, s. 15-23
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this paper is to discuss the use of geographical information and spatial analytical methodologies in urban safety research and planning. Based on previous empirical examples, the paper investigates the advances and challenges of studying crime and perceived safety using geographical information and spatial analytical methodologies. Studies of crime and perceived fear at the micro-level in the urban landscape are also reviewed, followed by a discussion of ecological studies, which often search for associations between crime and socio-economic characteristics of small areas. The use of geographical information and visualisation techniques has been incorporated into research and planning in public participation schemes and, more recently, into new methodologies aiming at predicting human movement patterns using real-time data. The paper reviews some of the current challenges for spatial urban safety research and concludes with prospects on the value of this form of analysis in the near future.
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| 2. |
- Chan, Elton, 1988
(författare)
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Public space as commodity: social production of the Hong Kong waterfront
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Urban Design and Planning. - : Thomas Telford Ltd.. - 1755-0807 .- 1755-0793. ; 173:4, s. 146-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although there has been a long tradition of public space-related land speculation and development, the recent success of the High Line in New York has highlighted the transformative effect carefully designed and curated public spaces can have on the local economy. By prioritising exchange value over use value, governments and developers are exploiting the production of public spaces as a means for financial, political and other forms of returns. This paper argues that commodification of public space both transcends and encompasses other processes such as privatisation and commercialisation, and it is essential to study how it is manifested in different urban contexts. This paper sets out to examine how commodification of public space has taken form in Hong Kong, a global city where public spaces have mostly been an afterthought and box-checking exercise in the planning process. By reflecting on the social production of three recently completed waterfront public spaces across the city, this paper suggests that even though the commodification of public space has taken on very different forms in Hong Kong, the public spaces in question all display certain characteristics and features that can be attributed to the decline of publicness and inclusivity in public space.
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| 3. |
- Danenberg, Rosa, et al.
(författare)
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Main street plot scale in urban design for inclusive economies : Stockholm case studies
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institute of Civil Engineers. - : ICE Publishing. - 1755-0793 .- 1755-0807. ; 171:6, s. 258-267
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores evidence that entrepreneurial opportunities for migrants and other lower-income populations can be expanded in part through increasing the presence of fine-grained scales of plots and plates along main streets, as part of a systematic urban design strategy. It describes that systematic strategy herein. The paper encompasses the study of three main streets with varying plot sizes in the inner city of Stockholm, Sweden, and examines the outcomes for different types and scales of businesses. After presenting the findings, analysis and conclusions, larger questions of urban design for more inclusive economies are discussed.
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| 4. |
- Femenias, Paula, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Retrofitting the city: Re-use of non-domestic buildings
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Urban Design and Planning. - : Thomas Telford Ltd.. - 1755-0807 .- 1755-0793. ; 163:3, s. 117-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper has been to identify and understand the commercial framing of retrofitting activities of existing buildings in the UK, the mediation of these issues in current regeneration processes and their relation to objectives for sustainable development. A case study has been carried out in Bristol focusing on the dynamics and retrofitting of non-domestic buildings. Results show that commercial objectives and local community regeneration are more present in practice than are objectives for environmental protection and carbon reduction. This situation is supported by current regeneration policy and commercial interests. Sustainability issues have had an impact on current building practices and we might be experiencing a shift where the UK property sector is gaining an understanding of the risk of having ‘unsustainable’ property. Still, the study indicates that more radical changes are needed in current practice in order to reach contemporary objectives for carbon reduction in the existing building stock and to meet anticipated stronger policy and regulation. The study was carried out in 2008 but before the global financial crisis impacted on the development activity in Bristol.
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| 5. |
- Shahrad, Azadeh
(författare)
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Visual representation of safety in urban spaces: a tale of two neighbourhoods
- 2024
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers. Urban design and planning. - 1755-0793 .- 1755-0807. ; 177, s. 4-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urban studies have addressed the role of media with regard to the ways in which the production of news affects the practicing of urban life. Media promotes urban growth, but also plays a role in the creation of negative images ascribed to places and neighbourhoods. This paper explores discourses of safety and security, illustrated in Swedish newspaper representations of two neighbourhoods in Malmö, Sweden, with different social status. Content analysis and discourse analysis methods were used to contribute to the understanding of potentiality as well as hindrances for a just urban planning. The overall result shows a negative image of Bellevuegården as a problematic area, whereas Västra Hamnen is presented as an attractive and safe neighbourhood. The study also identifies the interrelations and intertextuality between each neighbourhood and the city of Malmö as a whole. It is highlighted how Malmö has struggled with its negative reputation as a dangerous city. To favour one and disfavour another area does not contribute to equality and integration, which is the vision involved in the comprehensive planning of Malmö city. It has been concluded that the news media’s representation of neighbourhoods has influenced how they are perceived, both by inhabitants and by society at large.
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| 6. |
- Sochor, Jana, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Vulnerable users' perceptions of transport technologies
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Urban Design and Planning. - : Thomas Telford Ltd.. - 1755-0807 .- 1755-0793. ; 169:3, s. 154-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the global population continues to grow, age and urbanise, it is vital to provide accessible transport so that neither ageing nor disability constitutes barriers to social inclusion. While technology can enhance urban access, there is a need to study the ways by which transport technologies – real-time information, pedestrian navigation, surveillance and road pricing – could be more effectively adopted by users. The reason for this is that some people, and particularly vulnerable populations, are still likely to be reluctant to use (or even avoid using) technologies perceived as ‘unknown’ and ‘complicated’. On the basis of evidence from British and Swedish case studies on older people's perceptions of the aforementioned transport technologies, as well as of a Swedish case study of visually impaired people's perceptions, this paper makes the case that technology is only one tool in a complex sociotechnical system, and one that brings challenges. The authors also suggest that although vulnerable populations are not homogeneous when expressing their attitudes towards transport technologies, their assessment criteria tend to be ‘prosocial’ as they usually consider that the societal benefits of the assessed technologies outweigh the personal benefits. Emphasising aspects linked to the technologies' prosocial potential or relevance to the individual user could therefore increase acceptance.
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| 7. |
- Wamsler, Christine
(författare)
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Achieving Urban Resilience: Understanding and Tackling Disasters from a Local Perspective
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Urban Design and Planning. - : Thomas Telford Ltd.. - 1755-0793 .- 1755-0807. ; 161:4, s. 163-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The damage caused by a dramatic worldwide increase in so-called natural disasters is staggering, with the poor in developing countries being most at risk. This paper analyses: (a) the key variables and their causal relations that underlie the complex system of risk and disaster occurrence in slums; (b) the impacts of disasters on slums; (c) the strategies used by local people to cope with risk and disasters; and (d) the reasons for weak coping. The views and knowledge of slum dwellers in El Salvador are the focus of this analysis. On this basis, fi ve complementary ex ante risk-reduction measures have been identifi ed and developed to match local needs, capacities and dimensions of risk—hazard reduction (or prevention), mitigation, preparedness, risk ‘fi nancing’ and stand-by for recovery. The complementary measures provide a frame of reference that allows urban development actors to systematically search for and design potential risk reduction measures. It is concluded that keeping these measures compartmentalised and separate from each other during planning and implementation of urban development programmes helps ensure both sustainable poverty reduction and urban resilience.
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| 8. |
- Ceccato, Vania, 1968-
(författare)
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From ‘defensible space’ to ‘space of flows’: integrating geographical information into urban safety research and planning
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the ICE - Urban Design and Planning. - : ICE publishing. - 1755-0793.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this article is to discuss the use of Geographical Information (GI) and spatial analyticalmethodologies in urban safety research and planning. Based on previous empirical examples, the article discusses advances and challenges of studying crime and perceived safety using GI and spatial analytical methodologies. Thearticles reviews the analysis of crime and perceived fear at the micro-level landscape followed by a discussion of ecological studies often searching for associations between socio-economic characteristics of small areas. The use ofGI and visualisation techniques has also been incorporated into research and planning in public participation schemes and, more recently, into new methodologies aiming at predicting human movement patterns using real-timedata. The paper also reviews some of the current challenges for spatial urban safety research and concludes with prospects on the value of this form of analysis in the near future.
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