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| 2. |
- Akpalu, Wisdom, et al.
(författare)
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Public disclosure for carbon abatement : African decision-makers in a PROPER public good experiment
- 2017
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Ingår i: Climate and Development. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1756-5529 .- 1756-5537. ; 9:6, s. 548-558
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- linear public good experiment adopted from Holt and Laury [1997. Classroom games: Voluntary provision of a public good. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11(4), 209–215.] has been employed to investigate strategic behaviour in pollution abatement among African climate decision-makers. The experiment consisted of three groups, of which groups 2 and 3 received one and two treatments, respectively. The first treatment entailed publicly disclosing the pollution of each member of a group by placing a corresponding colour-coded card in front of each subject, while the second involved the withdrawal of the public disclosure. Group 2 received the first treatment; Group 3 received both the first and second treatments in succession. We found that the untreated group (baseline) polluted more than the two treated groups, and there was no statistically significant difference between the pollution abatement of the two treated groups. These results suggest that public disclosure potentially drives pollution abatement and that its eventual withdrawal does not obliterate abatement behaviour. We did not observe conditional cooperation but average pollution declined over time. Furthermore, individuals who thought it was unfair for Africa to reduce emissions polluted more. We also found that pollution levels differ significantly between males and females.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Lotta, et al.
(författare)
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Design and test of a model-assisted participatory process for the formulation of a local climate adaptation plan
- 2013
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Ingår i: Climate and Development. - : Taylor and Francis: STM, Behavioural Science and Public Health Titles. - 1756-5529 .- 1756-5537. ; 5:3, s. 217-228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents the design and testing of a model-assisted participatory process for the formulation of a local adaptation plan to climate change. The pilot study focused on small-scale and commercial agriculture, water supply, housing, wildlife, livestock and biodiversity in the Thukela River basin, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The methodology was based on stakeholders identifying and ranking the severity of climate-related challenges, and downscaled stakeholder-identified information provided by modellers, with the aim of addressing possible changes of exposure in the future. The methodology enables the integration of model-based information with experience and visions based on local realities. It includes stakeholders own assessments of their vulnerability to prevailing climate variability and the severity, if specified, of climate-related problems that may occur more often in the future. The methodology made it possible to identify the main issues to focus on in the adaptation plan, including barriers to adaptation. We make recommendations for how to design a model-assisted participatory process, emphasizing the need for transparency, to recognize the interests of the stakeholders, good advance planning, local relevance, involvement of local champions, and adaptation of Information material to each groups previous experience and understanding.
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| 4. |
- Beckman, Malin
(författare)
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Converging and conflicting interests in adaptation to environmental change in central Vietnam
- 2011
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Ingår i: Climate and Development. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1756-5529 .- 1756-5537. ; 3, s. 32-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article is based on qualitative research in the provinces of Quang Tri and Thua Thien Hue in central Vietnam during the years 1996-2009, by the author and colleagues at Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry. The focus of the article is on policies that, while increasing resilience at one scale, may cause increased vulnerability at other scales. Policies on forest protection and construction of hydroelectric dams contribute to regulating flooding of the lowland areas. However, the policies also result in severe constraints in access to land and forest products for the mountain population, which has impacts on their capacity to manage risk and adapt to environmental change. Forest resources have previously functioned as an important buffer for mountain households when coping with crises like serious floods. This reduced adaptive capacity may be a critical issue for equity and social sustainability in adaptation.
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| 5. |
- Beckman, Malin
(författare)
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Upland development, climate-related risk and institutional conditions for adaptation in Vietnam
- 2016
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Ingår i: Climate and Development. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1756-5529 .- 1756-5537. ; 8, s. 413-422
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper argues that policies towards upland communities in Vietnam tend to reinforce land use strategies that increase vulnerability to climate-related risk and undermine adaptive capacity of upland communities. It is argued that the division of land use between intensive agriculture/tree plantation and protected forest is increasing both livelihood- and environmental risk. Qualitative interviews and group discussion with upland villagers and local government staff in two districts of north and central Vietnam suggest that farmers are facing frequent loss and damage due to floods, storms and drought. Changing production patterns, together with the increase in climate-related hazards and stresses, is changing the character of vulnerability of upland communities. The study primarily explores village-level perspectives regarding impacts of hazards and stresses, ideas of how to reduce risk, along with how related policies and institutions influence local possibilities of risk reduction and adaptation. Our fieldwork results suggest that many villagers and local leaders see adaptation and risk reduction in terms of improved irrigation and in terms of access to land and forests for their livelihoods. The findings support arguments for more integration of agriculture and forestry land use, allowing for more flexibility in the development of upland livelihoods, with the aim of facilitating adaptation to climate change.
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| 7. |
- Boda, Chad S., et al.
(författare)
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Framing Loss and Damage from climate change as the failure of Sustainable Development
- 2021
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Ingår i: Climate and Development. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1756-5529 .- 1756-5537. ; 13:8, s. 677-684
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Debates around “Loss and Damage” (L&D) from anthropogenic climate change have expanded rapidly since the adoption of the Warsaw International Mechanism (WIM) in 2013. Despite the urgent need for scientific best practice to inform policies to avoid, minimize and address L&D, the nascent research field faces internal disagreements and lacks a coherent conceptual framing, which hinder scientific progress and practical implementation. We suggest that the most coherent, comprehensive and integrative approach to framing and dealing with L&D is by understanding it as resulting from a chain of failures or inabilities to maintain a Sustainable Development. Available theories of Sustainable Development give meaning and orientation to risk reduction efforts to avoid and minimize L&D, as well as to processes of L&D accounting and compensation; in particular clarifying “what should be sustained” when undertaking efforts to avoid, minimize or address residual L&D. However, different theories of Sustainable Development inevitably lead to different metrics to assess L&D and consequently different governance approaches when dealing with L&D, which has implications for future vulnerability and development. Our approach opens up new avenues for research, and has both conceptual and practical repercussions for the Paris Agreement and the global stocktake.
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| 8. |
- Caretta, Martina Angela, 1986-
(författare)
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“Credit plus” microcredit schemes : a key to women's adaptive capacity
- 2014
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Ingår i: Climate and Development. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1756-5529 .- 1756-5537. ; 6:2, s. 179-184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the provision of “credit plus” training activities, conditionally and jointly with microloans by Equity Bank and by Swedish non-governmental organization Vi-Skogen in the area of Kisumu, Kenya to women's groups as a key to improving women's capacity to adapt to climate change. Groups received training in small business administration and agroforestry, which produced positive outcomes or a virtuous spiral in their families' economy, well-being and in their intra-household bargaining power. In agroforestry and new farming practices, group training enhanced the women's set of planned adaptation strategies. In a context where formal financial institutions are still reluctant to provide credit to subsistence farmers, this case study shows the beneficial effects that credit would generate for women's adaptive capacity.
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| 10. |
- Elrick-Barr, Carmen E., et al.
(författare)
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Third-generation adaptive capacity assessment for climate-resilient development
- 2022
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Ingår i: Climate and Development. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1756-5529 .- 1756-5537. ; 15:6, s. 518-521
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human development seeks to enlarge freedoms by building capacity and is integral to achieving sustainable development, particularly in the era of the Anthropocene. However, the efficiency and effectiveness of capacity building is limited. First-generation adaptive capacity emphasizes a deficit model. Second-generation adaptive capacity focuses on mobilization by individuals. Neither adequately address the issue of scale, nor recognize how stocks of capacity are enhanced or diminished through interactions between individuals and groups. Addressing these shortcomings and realizing climate-resilient development, is contingent upon a next (third) generation of adaptive capacity that incorporates the transfer of capacity.
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