| 1. |
- Sutton, Peter, et al.
(författare)
-
Reduced shoulder proprioception due to fatigue after repeated handball throws and evaluation of test–retest reliability of a clinical shoulder joint position test
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Shoulder & Elbow. - : Sage Publications. - 1758-5732 .- 1758-5740. ; 16:1, s. 100-109
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Proprioception is vital for motor control and can be disturbed, for example, due to fatigue or injury. Clinical feasible, reliable and valid tests of shoulder proprioception are warranted. The aim was to investigate the effects of local fatigue on shoulder proprioception and the reliability of a feasible joint position sense test using an experimental repeated measures design.Method: Forty participants repeated a shoulder joint position sense test to assess test–retest reliability. The test was then utilized on a subgroup of handball players who were subjected to five bouts of a repeated throwing task with the dominant hand. The effect of local fatigue was investigated by comparing the fatigued with the non-fatigued shoulder.Results: There was a significant interaction for the arm × bout (p = 0.028, ηp2 = 0.20) and a significant effect for the arm (p = 0.034, ηp2 = 0.35) with a significant decrease in joint position sense for the throwing arm compared to the non-throwing arm. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.78 (95% CI = [0.57; 0.89]). The standard error of measurement between trials was 0.70° (range: 0.57°–0.90°).Discussion: The results indicate that repeated throwing to fatigue disturbs shoulder joint position sense. Assessment with the modified test showed acceptable reliability and can be a valuable assessment tool in the clinic.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Adolfsson, Lars, 1955-
(författare)
-
What keeps a shoulder stable - Is there an ideal method for anterior stabilisation?
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Shoulder & Elbow. - : Sage Publications. - 1758-5732 .- 1758-5740. ; 16:1, s. 4-7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The gleno-humeral joint is by far the most mobile in the human body but also afflicted by dislocations, predominantly anterior. Surgical stabilisation is often successful but failures not uncommon. The following review describes potential causes of failure and highlights the need of adapting surgical methods to pathomorphology.
|
|
| 4. |
- Berghuijs, Wouter R., et al.
(författare)
-
Groundwater recharge is sensitive to changing long-term aridity
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Nature Climate Change. - 1758-678X .- 1758-6798. ; 14, s. 357-363
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainable groundwater use relies on adequate rates of groundwater recharge, which are expected to change with climate change. However, climate impacts on recharge remain uncertain due to a paucity of measurements of recharge trends globally. Here we leverage the relationship between climatic aridity and long-term recharge measurements at 5,237 locations globally to identify regions where recharge is most sensitive to changes in climatic aridity. Recharge is most sensitive to climate changes in regions where potential evapotranspiration slightly exceeds precipitation, meaning even modest aridification can substantially decrease groundwater recharge. Future climate-induced recharge changes are expected to be dominated by precipitation changes, whereby changes in groundwater recharge will be amplified relative to precipitation changes. Recharge is more sensitive to changes in aridity than global hydrological models suggest. Consequently, the effects of climatic changes on groundwater replenishment and their impacts on the sustainability of groundwater use by humans and ecosystems probably exceed previous predictions.
|
|
| 5. |
- Cotovicz Jr, Luiz C., et al.
(författare)
-
Methane oxidation minimizes emissions and offsets to carbon burial in mangroves
- 2024
-
Ingår i: NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE. - 1758-678X .- 1758-6798.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maximizing carbon sequestration in mangroves is part of the global effort to combat the climate crisis. However, methane (CH4) emissions can partially offset carbon sequestration in mangroves. Previous estimates have suggested that CH4 emissions offset organic carbon burial by 20% in mangroves with substantial freshwater inputs and/or in highly impacted mangroves. Here we resolve the magnitude and drivers of the mangrove CH4 offset using multiple isotopic tracers across a latitudinal gradient. CH4 emission offsets were smaller in high-salinity (similar to 7%) than in freshwater-influenced (similar to 27%) mangroves. Carbon sequestration was disproportionally high compared with CH4 emissions in understudied tropical areas. Low CH4 emissions were explained by minor freshwater inputs minimizing CH4 production in saline, high-sulfate conditions and intense CH4 oxidation in porewaters and surface waters. CH4 oxidation in mangrove surface waters reduced potential aquatic CH4 emissions by 10-33%. Overall, carbon sequestration through mangrove preservation and restoration is less affected by CH4 emissions than previously thought.
|
|
| 6. |
- Di Santo, Valentina
(författare)
-
Sharks at risk from climate-driven coastal upwelling
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Nature Climate Change. - 1758-678X .- 1758-6798.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As climate change redirects migration patterns of marine species towards the extremes of their geographic range, sharks find themselves stunned by rising cold upwelling currents.
|
|
| 7. |
- Jiretorn, Linda, et al.
(författare)
-
'My goal was to become normal'-A qualitative investigation of coping with stigma, body image and self-esteem long-term after bariatric surgery
- 2024
-
Ingår i: CLINICAL OBESITY. - 1758-8103 .- 1758-8111.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Improved self-esteem and body image, as well as reduced experiences of weight stigma are important patient-reported obesity treatment outcomes. However, more knowledge is needed about how individuals who have undergone metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) perceive themselves and their bodies and use different coping strategies in relation to body image and self-esteem long-term after MBS. In this qualitative study body image, self-esteem, weight stigma and coping strategies were explored among 18 individuals who underwent MBS more than 10 years ago when interviewed. Using reflexive thematic analysis, two primary themes were identified: 'Experiences of living with a stigmatised body' and 'Coping with weight stigma, body image and self-esteem', and eight sub-themes. Findings capture frequent experiences of weight stigma before bariatric surgery, the need for coping with stigma and body dissatisfaction before and after MBS, and how different coping strategies are related to participants' perceptions of their bodies and self-concepts. More adaptive coping strategies, such as confrontation and cognitive restructuring may facilitate more positive body image outcomes, than more ruminative and avoidant strategies. Understanding adaptive coping strategies can be useful to develop interventions to reduce negative consequences of weight stigma on body image and self-esteem.
|
|
| 8. |
- Nasiritousi, Naghmeh, et al.
(författare)
-
Making the UNFCCC fit for purpose: A research agenda on vested interests and green spiralling
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Global Policy. - : WILEY. - 1758-5880 .- 1758-5899.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How can the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) be made more effective? This paper argues that in order to make the UNFCCC fit for purpose, there is a need to identify the specific institutional reforms that can create ripple effects to accelerate climate action across governance levels and relevant organisations. Longstanding calls to reform the UNFCCC have targeted inefficient procedures with the intent to promote effective outcomes and - after entry into force of the Paris Agreement - to transform the UNFCCC towards holding more implementation-focused deliberations. Despite such calls, UNFCCC reform has been modest, at best. Central to the failure of reform proposals are vested interests with conflicts of interest that seek to obstruct climate action. Without addressing these elephants in the room, reform proposals will make modest contributions to overcoming key challenges. It is due time to start retargeting institutional reform from addressing procedural inefficiencies at the UNFCCC towards addressing vested interests. We propose a new research agenda to understand ways to undermine incumbent actors seeking to preserve business as usual and support new entrants that facilitate climate action through green spiralling. A reform process addressing vested interests could improve both procedural efficiency and implementation.
|
|
| 9. |
- Rasti Boroojeni, Fatemeh, et al.
(författare)
-
Proteolytic remodeling of 3D bioprinted tumor microenvironments
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Biofabrication. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 1758-5082 .- 1758-5090. ; 16:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In native tissue, remodeling of the pericellular space is essential for cellular activities and is mediated by tightly regulated proteases. Protease activity is dysregulated in many diseases, including many forms of cancer. Increased proteolytic activity is directly linked to tumor invasion into stroma, metastasis, and angiogenesis as well as all other hallmarks of cancer. Here we show a strategy for 3D bioprinting of breast cancer models using well-defined protease degradable hydrogels that can facilitate exploration of the multifaceted roles of proteolytic extracellular matrix remodeling in tumor progression. We designed a set of bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne functionalized hyaluronan (HA)-based bioinks cross-linked by azide-modified poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) or matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) degradable azide-functionalized peptides. Bioprinted structures combining PEG and peptide-based hydrogels were proteolytically degraded with spatial selectivity, leaving non-degradable features intact. Bioprinting of tumor-mimicking microenvironments using bioinks comprising human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and fibroblast in hydrogels with different susceptibilities to proteolytic degradation shows that MCF-7 proliferation and spheroid size were significantly increased in protease degradable hydrogel compartments, but only in the presence of fibroblasts. In the absence of fibroblasts in the stromal compartment, cancer cell proliferation was reduced and did not differ between degradable and nondegradable hydrogels. The interactions between spatially separated fibroblasts and MCF-7 cells consequently resulted in protease-mediated remodeling of the bioprinted structures and a significant increase in cancer cell spheroid size, highlighting the close interplay between cancer cells and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment and the influence of proteases in tumor progression.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
