| 1. |
- Kerr, D., et al.
(författare)
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A creative and useful tension? Large companies using “bring your own device”
- 2014
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Ingår i: IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 1868-4238 .- 1868-422X. - 9783662434581 ; 429, s. 166-178
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper looks at processes of embedding of computer systems in four organisational case studies in three different countries. A selective literature study of implementation of computer systems leads the authors to suggest that seen from a top down managerial perspective employees may be assumed to accept and use new computer systems, for example an ERP system but what happens deep down in the organisation are a reshaping, domestication or appropriation of the software for example through developing workarounds. The authors further suggest that traditional implementation models may incorrectly assume that the computer systems has been embedded in the organisation because things appear to be running smoothly when in fact software and/or processes have been reshaped by employees to suit their local needs. These social shapings appear to be done for a multitude of reasons. However, from the qualitative case studies it appears that most workarounds are done to make work easier and/or to overcome perceived inflexibilities in existing enterprise mandated systems. The ubiquitous access to cloud technologies and an increasing workforce of tech savy “digital natives” using their own devices (BYOD) has exacerbated the situation. © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2014.
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| 2. |
- Bednar, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Personalized Support with ‘Little’ Data
- 2014
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Ingår i: Creating Value for All Through IT. IFIP WG 8.6 International Conference on Transfer and Diffusion of IT, TDIT 2014, Aalborg, Denmark, June 2-4, 2014. Proceedings. - 1868-4238. - 9783662434581 ; 429, s. 355-358
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we look at opportunities to support the creation of value for all through the use of end-user-owned Virtual Personal Assistant. We use a chat-bot as example of technology with a possibility for transferring and diffusing new functionality, features and capabilities. This category of software can create potential value through its AI and natural language processing combined with emulation and imitation of emotional engagement which is personal, private and as such allows for intimate contextual relevance to be developed.
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| 3. |
- Abdulwahhab, Sinan, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Local Open Source Communities in the Development of Open Source Projects
- 2016
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Ingår i: Open Source Systems: Integrating Communities, Oss 2016. - Berlin : Springer-Verlag Berlin. - 1868-4238 .- 1868-422X. - 9783319392257
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the position of local open source communities (LOSCs) in the development of open source projects (OSPs). We have conducted an empirical study to examine the role of LOSCs, their way of working, and the benefits/challenges they experience compared to the overall global community. The qualitative investigation consisted of ten semi-structured interviews with members within different LOSCs. The results confirm the importance of LOSCs and the pivotal role they play in the development of OSPs. In many cases, they act as the middleman between individual members and the project's global community. However, LOSCs have their own kinds of challenges.
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| 4. |
- Acerbi, Federica, et al.
(författare)
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Exploiting Information Systems for Circular Manufacturing Transition: A Guiding Tool
- 2023
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Ingår i: IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. - 1868-4238 .- 1868-422X. ; 692 AICT, s. 129-143
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The diffusion of the circular economy (CE) paradigm in manufacturing companies, also known as Circular Manufacturing (CM), has been triggered by the intensive exploitation of natural resources and the associated negative environmental impacts generated. According to CM, natural resources consumption should be minimized, and their life cycle should be extended or reintegrated into new life cycles after usage. In this context, the digital transformation of manufacturing companies, exploiting both Industry 4.0 technologies and information systems (IS), may support them not only in their process management but also in embracing CM strategies. To take this digital and circular transformative path, the synergic exploitation of IS for CE adoption is essential. The extant literature presents scattered knowledge about the potential to exploit data collected from IS to implement CM strategies. Therefore, the research objective is to support companies in using IS to implement CM strategies, by integrating into a unique CM-IS framework. First, a systematic literature review was conducted to identify the direct correlation between specific IS and CM strategies, and also the related parameters influencing a good synergy among them. Subsequently, a maturity model has been developed to provide a practical framework to assess the current state of a manufacturing company in adopting IS for CM strategies implementation. The maturity model has also been integrated with a SWOT analysis module to define a roadmap to improve the current state of the company assessed. Last, the maturity model has been applied to an industrial use case showing the benefits from IS exploitation for CM purposes.
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| 5. |
- Agrawal, Tarun, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Automating Loading and Unloading for Autonomous Transport: Identifying Challenges and Requirements with a Systems Approach
- 2023
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Ingår i: IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. - 1868-4238 .- 1868-422X. - 9783031436697 ; 691 AICT, s. 332-345
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The logistics industry has undergone significant changes due to high demand, competition, cost pressures, interruptions, and labor market limitations affecting supply chains. As a result, there has been a significant adoption of automation in internal logistics such as warehousing, stock control, and material handling, leading to increased organizational competitiveness by reducing manual labor costs and time spent on these operations. The use of autonomous road transport holds potential to improve transport performance within areas of safety, sustainability, and efficiency. However, for autonomous transport to be fully ealized, loading and unloading processes at shipping and receiving facilities must also be automated. This paper takes a systems approach to identify the challenges and requirements for automated loading and unloading in a setting of autonomous truck transport potentially within a production setting. By addressing these challenges and meeting the necessary requirements, it may be possible to fully realize the benefits of autonomous transport and improve overall transport performance.
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| 6. |
- Agrawal, Tarun Kumar, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding Supply Chain Visibility Through Experts’ Perspective: A Delphi Based Approach
- 2021
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Ingår i: Advances in Production Management Systems. Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable and Resilient Production Systems. - Cham : Springer Nature. ; 633 IFIP, s. 189-196
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Visibility in production logistics and across the supply chain has become a key concern for organizations. Its need has been further emphasized due to the current COVID 19 crisis. Organizations find it challenging to prepare the internal logistics and supply chain, and quickly respond to such unexpected events, due to low visibility. Against this backdrop, the paper, which is a work-in-progress, systematically documents different factors influencing supply chain visibility and crucial information that should be collected and shared among supply chain partners for better visibility. A Delphi analysis is being conducted with twenty-six supply chain experts from various globally recognized enterprises with manufacturing units located worldwide. The study starts with a short open-ended questioner to collect a comprehensive list of antecedents, drivers, barriers, effects, and visibility information based on the qualitative response from the experts. The preliminary results from the first round of the Delphi analysis indicate that risk management, environmental sustainability, and supply chain control are some of the key drivers. Lack of IT infrastructure and maturity are some of the barriers, integrated systems, and technology maturity are among the key antecedents and gaining planning capability and better customer service are some of the positive effects of supply chain visibility as per the experts’ opinion. In addition, information related to planning, supplier location, and deviation are among the crucial ones that require the collection and sharing for better supply chain visibility. This research study is among the few that empirically explores factors influencing supply chain visibility and generates new insights as to why the barriers can be difficult to overcome in complex supply chain settings.
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| 7. |
- Almström, Peter, 1972
(författare)
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Productivity measurement and improvements: A theoretical model and applications from the manufacturing industry
- 2013
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Ingår i: IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 1868-4238 .- 1868-422X. ; 398
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article concerns productivity improvement at factory floor level, i.e. at station, cell, or line level. At many companies, workers associate productivity or efficiency increase with something negative, it is interpreted as an increase in speed and the “sweat factor”. These misconceptions and lack of knowledge tend to put “a wet blanket” on all attempts to increase productivity in good times and productivity improvements are only discussed when the company is bleeding and at that time it’s often too late. For these reasons it’s important to clarify what productivity is and especially how it can be improved.In general, the productivity at shop-floor level can be improved through im-proving the method, increasing the performance, and increasing the utilization. The design of the products and the amount of scraped products also affects the productivity in both manual tasks as well as work performed by machines. These aspects of productivity will be elaborated in the theoretical model and the industrial applications presented in this article.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Joakim, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Spare Parts Demand Prediction by Using a Random Forest Approach
- 2023
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Ingår i: IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. - 1868-4238 .- 1868-422X. ; 691 AICT, s. 793-804
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spare parts forecasting, in general, is a complex task, due to its intermittent and erratic demand patterns. Furthermore, the underlying reason for the demand is usually not considered since most forecasting methods are based on demand history, merely. Spare parts demand is dependent on the need for replacement of components due to repair or maintenance reasons, which varies due to, e.g., life cycle, utilization of the finished product, and the number of finished products. Although machine learning methods have been more prevalent for spare parts forecasting in recent years, the prediction of initial demand, i.e., what to be stocked before the breakdowns and maintenance needs occur is understudied. So, the purpose of this paper is to investigate if the spare part need can be predicted before the demand occurs and, by that, increase the availability to the customers and decrease the cost of unavailability, e.g., expediting costs and lost sales. By adopting a machine learning model based on decision trees, called Random Forest, we predicted the probability of initial sales based on the installed base, and categorical variables such as product group, vital code, function, and weight, for spare parts at an automotive company. The analysis was made for three different markets in the Asia-pacific region and predictions were made for three different time horizons, 1, 3, and 6 months and the model performance shows potentially good results with an accuracy of around 70%. We also analyzed the business impact concerning availability and supply chain-related costs where, for example, we obtained a substantially lower total supply chain cost.
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| 9. |
- Angioletti, Cecilia Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Product circularity assessment methodology
- 2017
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Ingår i: IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1868-4238 .- 1868-422X. ; 514, s. 411-418
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In today’s dynamic economic environment, industry is facing global challenges such as meeting the needs of a growing population, resource scarcity and landfill space shortage. These issues highlight the need for a dramatically more efficient use of natural resources to create social and economic value for society while respecting the carrying capacity limits of the planet. Additive manufacturing technologies provide opportunities to support sustainable manufacturing and the circular economy paradigm. These opportunities can be leveraged throughout the product lifecycle: energy and material consumption reduction in manufacturing, lower material use through maintenance, reuse, remanufacturing and recycling. Despite these benefits being more broadly recognised in recent years, industrial applications are still scarce. This work proposes a quantitative methodology to assess the circularities arising along the lifecycle of a product fabricated with additive manufacturing technologies, thereby supporting the shift to more circular industrial systems and sustainability.
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| 10. |
- Antignac, Thibaud, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Data minimisation: A language-based approach
- 2017
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Ingår i: IFIP Information Security & Privacy Conference (IFIP SEC'17), volume 502 of IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. pages 442-456. - Cham : Springer Science and Business Media. - 1868-4238 .- 1868-422X. - 9783319584683
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data minimisation is a privacy-enhancing principle considered as one of the pillars of personal data regulations. This principle dictates that personal data collected should be no more than necessary for the specific purpose consented by the user. In this paper we study data minimisation from a programming language perspective. We define a data minimiser as a pre-processor for the input which reduces the amount of information available to the program without compromising its functionality. We give its formal definition and provide a procedure to synthesise a correct data minimiser for a given program.
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