| 1. |
- Adelfio, Marco, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Social Activity in Gothenburg’s Intermediate City: Mapping Third Places through Social Media Data
- 2020
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Ingår i: Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1874-4621 .- 1874-463X. ; 13:4, s. 985-1017
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research focuses on the intermediate city, composed of urban areas located right outside the city center typically maintaining an in-between urban/suburban character. It aims to explore the degree to which this segment of the city exhibits urban activity and social life through the identification of activity areas in the so-called Third Places. Four intermediate city neighborhoods in Gothenburg, Sweden are adopted as case areas and are analyzed using a twofold approach. First, socio-economic statistics provide a quantitative understanding of the case areas and, second, geolocated Social Media Data (SMD) from Foursquare, Google Places and Twitter makes it possible to identify the intermediate city’s urban activity areas and socially preferred urban spaces. The findings suggest that a) the four analyzed intermediate city areas of Gothenburg all have a degree of social activity, especially where economic activities are clustered together; b) Third Places in more affluent areas tend to be linked to commodified consumption of urban space while neighborhoods with lower income levels and higher ethnic diversity seem to emphasize open public space as Third Places; and c) nowadays the typology of Third Places has evolved from the types identified in previous decades to include additional types of places, such as those you pass on the way to something else (e.g. gas and bus stations). The study has verified the value of SMD for studies of urban social life but also identified a number of topics for further research. Additional sources of SMD should be identified to secure a just representation of Third Places across diverse social groups. Furthermore, new methods for effective cross validation of SMD with other types of data are crucial, including e.g. statistics, on-site observations and surveys/interviews, not least to identify Third Places that are not frequently present (or are misrepresented) in SMD.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Åke E., et al.
(författare)
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Creative cities and the new global hierarchy
- 2015
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Ingår i: Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy. - : Springer. - 1874-463X .- 1874-4621. ; 8:3, s. 181-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The world experienced three major urbanization processes between the eleventh and the twentieth century. All three periods of city growth were associated with revolutionary improvements in the logistical systems. In large parts of the world the third logistical revolution (the Industrial Revolution) has not yet come to an end. In industrializing countries and regions urbanization is thus very rapid. Concurrently, a new and fourth logistical revolution is changing the economic, social and regional structure of the post-industrial parts of the world, leading to the creation of a new Creative Society. A key aspect of this development is the increasing role of creative and innovative city regions with global linkages. These regions now form a new supranational rank-size distribution, which is centred on a few conurbations in Europe, North America and East Asia. Most post-industrial economic development is taking place in a small number of highly ranked creative regions, while other regions are suffering from the “creative destruction” of their traditional industries. One consequence of this restructuring is increasing regional income inequalities in the post-industrial nations.
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| 3. |
- Arribas-Bel, D., et al.
(författare)
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Cyber Cities : Social Media as a Tool for Understanding Cities
- 2015
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Ingår i: Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy. - : Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. - 1874-463X .- 1874-4621. ; 8:1, s. 231-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ‘Big’ urban data are increasingly becoming accessible for scientific research and policy use. They may enhance the intelligence that is needed for understanding and mapping out social connectivity phenomena (in the sense of Jane Jacobs) in modern smart cities. The present paper aims to highlight and demonstrate the rich potential of information based on digital technology in modern cities. As a case study example of the power of social media data as a support tool in smart cities, we consider Twitter data in the municipality of Amsterdam. We use machine learning techniques to identify temporal patterns that we then relate back to their spatial dimension, effectively connecting the digital with physical aspect of cities. We also show that analysis of geo-referenced tweets can shed significant light on physical aspects of the city and on the spatial distribution of urban functions.
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| 4. |
- Ceccato, Vania, Professor, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Short and medium term dynamics and their influence on acquisitive crime rates in the transition States of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
- 2008
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Ingår i: Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy. - : Springer. - 1874-463X .- 1874-4621. ; 1, s. 215-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 1990s saw the three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania change from centrally planned to more market oriented economies with associated societal transformations. Profound changes such as these create uncertainty and social instability that can lead to social problems including increased rates of crime and disorder. We report and comment upon Police recorded crime data that shows numbers of acquisitive and drug related crimes in the three states from 1993 to 2000. However the scale of economic change including the mediating effects of social institutions may vary from place to place within each state. Acquisitive crime is a phenomenon typical of urban or densely populated regions in the Baltic countries. Analysing regional variation in crime rates provides an opportunity to test whether negative socio-economic change impacts on rates for these crimes. Findings show weak evidence of the effect of social change on crime. Spatial statistical techniques and GIS (Geographical Information Systems) underpin the methodology employed.
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| 5. |
- Haandrikman, Karen, 1977-
(författare)
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Explaining spatial homogamy. Compositional, spatial and regional cultural determinants of regional patterns of spatial homogamy in the Netherlands.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy. - : Springer. - 1874-4621 .- 1874-463X. ; 4:2, s. 75-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spatial homogamy, or sharing a similarity in geographical origin, is anunder-researched dimension in homogamy studies. In the Netherlands, people tendto choose spatially homogamous partners. Moreover, there is considerable regionalvariation in spatial homogamy, even when residential location and populationdensity are controlled for. This study aims to explain the regional variation in spatialhomogamy by means of a spatial regression. Three sets of explanations are takeninto account: compositional effects, spatial determinants, and regional culturaldifferences. The data used consists of a unique geo-coded micro dataset on all newcohabiters in the Netherlands in 2004 (N=289,248), combined with other data fromvarying sources. In the spatial regression, the dependent variable is the standardizeddistance coefficient, based on the distance between partners before cohabitation,standardised for the average distance to other inhabitants. We find that especiallyeducational, income and cultural differences contribute to the regional variation inspatial homogamy.
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| 6. |
- Haandrikman, Karen, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Geographical Variation in Local Gender Contracts in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1874-463X .- 1874-4621. ; 14, s. 679-701
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite Sweden’s national gender-neutral family and social policies, local differences in gender contracts exist and have been related to differences in the structure of the labour market and cultural traditions. Existing studies are outdated and used relatively large administratively defined areas, which may lead to several measurement and interpretation errors. This paper examines geographical variation in gender contracts in present-day Sweden using individualized neighbourhoods on different scales. Gender contracts are operationalized using six indicators on the level of family, politics and labour. We identify five types of local gender contracts: the metropolitan gender contract, the progressive gender contract, the suburban gender contract, the commuter gender contract and the traditional gender contract. The most gender equal patterns are found in metropolitan and other urban areas, with high shares of fathers taking parental leave and the highest shares of women with high education and gainful employment, and low shares of young mothers. The analyses give evidence of considerable local variation instead of a dominant gender contract in each region. The findings may stimulate further research and local policies on gender inequality.
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| 7. |
- Klar, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Spatio-Temporal Investigation of Public Transport Demand Using Smart Card Data
- 2024
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Ingår i: Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy. - : Springer Nature. - 1874-463X .- 1874-4621. ; 17:1, s. 241-268
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Policymakers must find efficient public transport solutions to promote sustainability and provide efficient urban mobility in the course of urban growth. A growing number of research papers are applying Geographically weighted regression (GWR) to model the relationship between public transport demand and its influential factors. However, few studies have considered the rapid development of journey inference from ticket transaction data. Similarly, the potential of GWR to analyze spatio-temporal changes that reflect changes in transportation supply and thus provide a measure for evaluating the local success of transport supply changes has yet to be exploited. In this paper, we use inferred journeys from smart card inferences as the dependent variable and analyze how public transport demand responds to a set of explanatory variables, emphasizing transport supply. Consequently, GWR and its successor Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) are applied to analyze the spatially varying impact of transport supply changes for seven consecutive time frames between autumn 2017 and spring 2020, allowing conclusions about local changes in transport demand, as well as the benchmarking of transport supply changes. The (M)GWR framework's predictive power is evaluated by training the model with past transport supply data and testing the model with data from the following consecutive years. The conducted analyses reveal that the (M)GWR model, using inferred journeys and transport supply data, can retrospectively predict the impact of transport supply changes on travel behavior and thus provides conclusions about the success of transport policies.
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| 8. |
- Kourtit, Karima, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges of the New Urban World
- 2015
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Ingår i: Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy. - : Springer Netherlands. - 1874-463X .- 1874-4621. ; 8:3, s. 199-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urban agglomeration will face major challenges in the future, such as demographic change, climate change and other structural megatrends, as well present turbulences of economic insecurity, financial deficits and social disorder, all of which might have long-term effects. Cities will need to improve and to maximize their quality of urban life so as to keep pace with rapidly changing global urban patterns. Such a goal calls not only for new technologies, but also for proactive and open-minded governance models and management techniques that include all actors in order to realize the concept of a sustainable city in a globalized world. The aims of this paper are: to map out the complex force field of urban dynamics; to identify the main drivers of urban evolution; and to explore promising land-use planning, infrastructural, cultural, economic and knowledge-based policy initiatives that may enhance the sustainable growth potential of modern (mega-) cities.
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| 9. |
- Kourtit, Karima, et al.
(författare)
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Urban Futures
- 2015
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Ingår i: Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy. - : Springer Netherlands. - 1874-463X .- 1874-4621. ; 8:3, s. 177-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 10. |
- Shuttleworth, Ian, et al.
(författare)
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Did Liberal Lockdown Policies Change Spatial Behaviour in Sweden? Mapping Daily Mobilities in Stockholm Using Mobile Phone Data During COVID-19
- 2024
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Ingår i: Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy. - : Springer Nature. - 1874-463X .- 1874-4621. ; 17:1, s. 345-369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sweden had the most liberal lockdown policies in Europe during the Covid-19 pandemic. Relying on individual responsibility and behavioural nudges, their effectiveness was questioned from the perspective of others who responded with legal restrictions on behaviour. In this study, using mobile phone data, we therefore examine daily spatial mobilities in Stockholm to understand how they changed during the pandemic from their pre-pandemic baseline given this background. The analysis demonstrates: that mobilities did indeed change but with some variations according to (a) the residential social composition of places and (b) their locations within the city; that the changes were long lasting; and that the average fall in spatial mobility across the whole was not caused by everybody moving less but instead by more people joining the group of those who stayed close to home. It showed, furthermore, that there were seasonal differences in spatial behaviour as well as those associated with major religious or national festivals. The analysis indicates the value of mobile phone data for spatially fine-grained mobility research but also shows its weaknesses, namely the lack of personal information on important covariates such as age, gender, and education.
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