| 1. |
- Tyson, Ruhi, 1978-
(författare)
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What is Excellence in Practice? Empirical Explorations of Vocational Bildung and Practical Wisdom through Case Narratives
- 2018
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Ingår i: Vocations and Learning. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1874-785X .- 1874-7868. ; 11:1, s. 19-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The approach of vocational Bildung didactics has been developed to investigate practical knowledge in matters of education for Bildung and phronesis (practical wisdom). Case narratives of unusual richness or success are at the core of the approach, each case representing an articulation of someone’s practical knowledge. The concept of a practice as developed by MacIntyre is introduced here as a way of situating the practical knowledge of Bildung and phronesis gained from case narratives. A series of case studies are discussed to examine the practices that surfaced. The result is a differentiation of MacIntyre’s concept in two directions: one more specific called vocational practice and one more general called a cultural practice. This differentiation is then applied to the case studies and it is argued that it helps illuminate aspects of them that previously were difficult to comprehend within the framework of vocational Bildung didactics. The conclusion is that biographical cases where cultural and vocational practices intersect are uniquely positioned to afford knowledge of how such intersections have been achieved through education and what they have meant for the person initiated into such matrixes. This, in turn, contributes to the insight with which we are able to design vocational education and training curricula that support initiation into dynamic vocational practices with a focus on the goods and virtues possible to develop through them.
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| 2. |
- Alalehto, Tage, 1956-
(författare)
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White Collar Criminals : the State of Knowledge
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Open Criminology Journal. - : Bentham Open. - 1874-9178. ; 8, s. 28-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- White collar crime is the least studied and the least understood crime type in comparison to traditional crime types. This review highlights the recent developments in the state of knowledge over the white collar criminals. The review concerns the topics of demography, motivation for offending and career criminality among white collar criminals. It compiles the international results (mainly West-European) so far in the three topics. The review ends with a request on further research that needs to be done in four aspects: what is the main demographic difference between white collar offenders and confirmative non-offenders? How can we explain the difference in the age-crime relationship between street criminals and white collar criminals? Why do we still have the gender divergences by white collar criminals, despite the fact that women increase their participation into the labor market? And why do we know so little about the criminal motivation among white collar criminals?
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| 3. |
- Granhag, Pär-Anders, 1964
(författare)
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On the psycho-legal study of true and false intentions: Dangerous waters and some stepping stones.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Open Criminology Journal. - 1874-9178. ; 3:1, s. 37-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The topic of true and false intent has been more or less ignored within the field of legal psychology. This is remarkable considering the frequency and importance of situations calling for assessments of whether a person is lying or telling the truth about his or her intentions. There were four aims to the present paper. The first aim was to outline a psycho-legal research program on true and false intentions. The second aim was to highlight some conceptual issues which might be relevant for planning and conducting research in this domain. The third aim was to offer some stepping stones which might assist researchers launching investigations on true and false intentions. The fourth and final aim was to briefly summarize the first round of empirical psycho-legal studies on true and false intentions.
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| 4. |
- Hartwig, M, et al.
(författare)
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Impression and information management: On the strategic self-regulation of innocent and guilty suspects.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Open Criminology Journal. - 1874-9178. ; 3:1, s. 10-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to increase understanding of the psychology of deception by mapping the reasoning of guilty and innocent mock suspects who deny a transgression. Based on previous research, we proposed that suspects will engage in two major forms of regulation: impression management, which requires the purposeful control of nonverbal and demeanor cues and information management which involves the regulation and manipulation of speech content to provide a statement of denial. We predicted that truth tellers and liars would both be engaged in impression management, but that that they would differ in the extent to which they will engage in information management. The results supported this prediction: liars and truth tellers reported planning demeanor to the same extent, but differed in the extent to which they reported planning the content of their statement. Self-reported strategies regarding nonverbal behavior were similar for liars and truth tellers, while strategies regarding information differed markedly.
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| 5. |
- Larsson, Daniel, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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The Reaction Towards White Collar Crime : When White Collar Crime Matters
- 2013
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Ingår i: The Open Criminology Journal. - : Bentham Open. - 1874-9178. ; 6, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present article, we analyze socio-demographic profiles regarding wrongful attitudes toward white-collar crime. This is a well-researched area, however where the vast majority of the studies comes from the USA and UK. In this paper we will investigate wrongful attitudes in a different context – Sweden. We will furthermore not only focus on those having a restricted view of white collar crime, but also people with a liberal view, i.e. people who do not consider white collar crime to be seriously wrong. To identify different groups regarding attitudes towards white collar crime we have used Latent Class Analyses, with the result that we can identify four different groups, among which we focus on a large group (containing 35 % of the sample) having the most restricted view of white collar crime, and a small group (4.5 % of the sample) having the most liberal view of white collar crime. The socio-demographic profile of people having a restricted view of white collar crime is quite similar to the previous research. The restricted group consists in general of elderly women that infrequently uses Internet. The liberal group is in great extent an opposite group – containing young men regularly using Internet. We conclude that it is the latter group that is of most interest for future research, not the least be-cause it is a group that may be breeding general distrust, which may strain the society’s social solidarity and trustfulness.
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| 6. |
- Meiling, Liu, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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"Can you remember what was in your pocket when you were stung by the bee?" - Eliciting cues to deception by asking the unanticipated.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Open Criminology Journal. - 1874-9178. ; 3:1, s. 31-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we focused on children’s deception (10-12 years, Experiment 1), and adult’s ability detect deception in children (Experiment 2). The self-presentational perspective (DePaulo, 1992), suggests that both liars and truth tellers will try to act in a convincing manner to be assessed as truth tellers. By asking unanticipated questions we put the liars in the following dilemma: If they did not answer they would risk being considered avoidant and, thus, run the risk of being discredited. On the other hand, if they did answer they would risk failing to act like a truth teller, and thereby run the risk of being discredited. In Experiment 1 we predicted, and found, that liars’ attempt to actively create an honest impression (answer) overruled their attempt to passively imitate truth tellers (not answering). Specifically, liars (vs. truth tellers) were more willing to answer the unanticipated questions. Experiment 2 showed that adult observers had difficulty with discriminating between lying and truth-telling children (overall accuracy rate: 57%). Lie-catchers who had been exposed to children answering unanticipated questions did not outperform lie-catchers who had watched children answering anticipated questions. Our successful attempt to elicit a diagnostic cue to deception (willingness to answer unanticipated questions) is placed within the new line of research aimed at increasing lie-catchers’ ability to detect deception.
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