| 1. |
- Adamsson, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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The Product Developer : Education and Professional Role
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of ICED 2007, the 16th International Conference on Engineering Design. - 9781904670025 - 1904670024
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to present results from a study examining the relation between the educational background and professional roles with engineers engaged in product development. Derived from previous studies, the product development engineer ought to be a multifaceted engineer, knowledgeable and skilled in several fields. This engineer should work interdisciplinary, integrative and with the aim to be creative and innovative. By using a substantial data set consisting of 300 engineers in Swedish product development organizations, we derive some important research propositions. The data shows that there are correlations between organizational responsibilities and educational program, in particular regarding focus on design, system integration, project management and technical coordination. If we want to understand how the engineering education affects the professional role of an engineer; we believe that it is critical to further investigate the developed propositions. One example is mechanical engineers; the data shows that the studied mechanical engineers rarely work with design. Our proposition is therefore to investigate the identity and legitimacy of these programs to further clarify the professional role.
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| 2. |
- Bergsjö, D., et al.
(författare)
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Product lifecycle management for cross-x engineering design
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of ICED 2007, the 16th International Conference on Engineering Design. - 1904670024 - 9781904670025
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper deal with the urgent problem to create integrated PLM solutions in today's European automotive industry. Two European automotive companies have been used as case companies in order to carry out these studies. Configuration management and engineering change management are two information management processes that span throughout the extended company, through engineering domains and through the product lifecycle. This makes them ideal as study objects to create new methods, and to enable PLM for cross-x engineering design. Several guidelines regarding IT system architectures for cross-x PLM are presented, e.g.: modularity, central coordination, standard communication, minimum process redundancy, and general modelling constructs.
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| 3. |
- Eriksson, Joakim, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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EFFICIENT DECISION-MAKING IN PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of ICED 2007, the 16th International Conference on Engineering Design, vol DS 42. - 1904670024 - 9781904670025
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Product development projects need to be managed in a timely and efficient manner in the present competitive business environment. The authors of this work argue that the commonly used product development models do not fully meet this demand, and the decision-making process needs to be made explicit. This work mainly focuses on the product development process. Two companies were studied using case study research. The aim of the case study was to identify key factors affecting the decision-making process in product development. The type of collaboration used in these two companies was also investigated in order to identify the influence it had on the decision-making process of each. The two companies had different views of the decision-making process which were related to their level of development process knowledge. Common factors affecting the decision-making process in product development were divided into ten categories: (1) Handling of requirements, (2) Experience of projects, (3) Organizational aspects, (4) Project management, (5) Top management, (6) Knowledge, (7) Risk management, (8) Information systems, (9) Communication, and (10) Change management.
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| 4. |
- Grimheden, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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PIEp : Product Innovation Engineering Program
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of ICED 2007, the 16th International Conference on Engineering Design. - 9781904670025 - 1904670024
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents the establishment of a large research, education and development program in the area of innovation engineering, the Product Innovation Engineering Program, PIEp. The program is intended as a network of researchers, educators and students in innovation with the purpose of creating a systematic shift toward innovation and entrepreneurship in institutes of higher education and research. The initial PIEp consortium consists of: Faculty of Engineering at Lund University, Umeå Institute of Design at Umeå University, International Business School and School of Engineering at Jönköping University, Center for Technology and Health, Sweden and is coordinated by the School of Industrial Technology and Management at the Royal Institute of Technology. PIEp is organized in five activity fields, ranging from research in innovation to product- and business development through education in innovation. The organization is based on a model where the five fields generate knowledge and feed back knowledge and experiences to the other fields. The program is initially funded by the Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems, VINNOVA, Innovationsbron AB (a Swedish organization that supports business development through incubators and seed capital), the collaborating universities and a number of private sponsors. The program was launched in late 2006 and is intended to run for ten years. The first research projects and educational activities have started, and the PIEp program is now inviting more national and international partners.
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| 5. |
- Janhager, Jenny, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploration of User-Technical Process Scenario Technique in Practice
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of ICED 2007, the 16th International Conference on Engineering Design. - 1904670024 - 9781904670025 ; , s. 1-12
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the research described in this paper is to investigate a scenario technique based on a user-technical process. This means that the scenario is built with the aid of three processes in parallel: the mental activities of the user, the user actions and the technical functions. Four product development teams have tested the technique on products that were under development. The results from the explorations have shown that the technique assists in understanding design problems, prompts discussion within the group, presents no great problems in usage, elicits new thoughts about the design problem and serves a useful purpose in comparing different product concepts with each other.
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| 6. |
- Kreimeyer, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
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Team composition to enhance collaboration between embodiment design and simulation departments
- 2007
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Ingår i: DS 42. - Bristol : The Design Society. - 1904670024
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Efficient collaboration between design and simulation departments is a key factor to efficient product development. There are numerous efforts to systematically “integrate” product development activities using CAD- and CAE-systems.This paper presents a team-based approach to render collaboration, i.e. communication and coordination, between the engineers involved in designing and simulating the product more efficient. It is part of an overall integration strategy to support collaboration between the departments in question in terms of the product architecture and the engineers involved as well as information objects, tools, and the process.The team structures proposed combine the different ways of organization prevailing in design and simulation. Based on a product architecture regarding both functional and geometry-oriented perspectives onto the product, virtual teams attributed to parts of this component-function-structure serve as a basis to enhance communication. This is intended to offer a means of orientation to coordinate common efforts between engineers involved. The paper lines out a method to compose teams that merge the necessary competences and responsibilities involved to foster communication across different engineers involved in a set of functions and components.
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| 7. |
- Matzen, D., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of design research on manufacturing firms moving towards services
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of ICED 2007, the 16th International Conference on Engineering Design. - 1904670024 - 9781904670025
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Corresponding to a steadily advancing integration of products and service operations in the manufacturing industry, a number of research groups within the design community are working with issues of integrated product and service development. Although closely related, the evolving groups focus on different research dimensions, and thus the terminologies and concepts used in research contributions are not fully compatible. This research attempts to promote and support an evolving collaboration between the different research groups within the design community, by analysing and comparing the key contribution areas of three of the existing groups, namely the groups of Integrated Product and Service Engineering, Service/Product Engineering and Product/Service-System development. A review of the groups' research contributions is carried out and the main characteristics' of their research is compared. Furthermore a comparative table of concepts and terms used in the contributions of the three groups in compiled. Based on this comparison, 3 focal research dimensions are identified: the product lifecycle dimension, the customer lifecycle dimension and the provider lifecycle dimension. Finally the research domains' linkages to other related research domains outside the design community are identified.
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| 8. |
- Motte, Damien, et al.
(författare)
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Defining a strategy of integration of packaging development into product development
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Engineering Design - ICED'07. - 1904670024 ; DS 42
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1 INTRODUCTION In a global and highly competitive economy, companies have now adopted an increasingly integrated ap-proach to product development. However, packaging logistics has been left out from this integration trend. The reasons are multiple: first packaging is not considered to be an integral part of the product, so it is not part of the product “culture” of the company. In most companies, packaging is considered only at the production phase or as a logistic matter. Secondly, and as importantly, there are multiple ways of inte-grating packaging into product development – and packaging development is often performed by several external suppliers – but no general decision-making supports are available to develop a thorough policy in favour of this integration [1]. 2 OBJECTIVE This paper presents a support for guiding the strategic activity of integrating packaging development into product development. It consists on a set of factors that will help the manager chosing among, and build-ing on, a set of 4 types of strategies. 3 METHODS First the concept of integration is defined, the packaging issues at a strategic level are developed and the major strategy definition types from the literature are described. The types of strategies presented in the support have been extracted from the literature and cases from a survey by [2]. The factors have been de-termined by a systemic approach and their search has been performed using a functional analysis method-ology and a technical packaging literature review (presented in [1). The factors’ influence levels have been determined by a set of criteria (Impact on amount of work for design development, impact on amount of work for manufacturing development, manufacturing investment, consequence if the factor has not been taken into account). 4 RESULTS As a support for integrating packaging development into product development. The manager has at dis-posal the description of 4 possible strategies integrating packaging development into product development and a set of packaging-specific factors to help him or her in making a more informed choice. The first step is merely to appropriate the different strategy models that can be as much scenarios or sources of inspira-tion the company could adapt. The factors are of 4 types: 1. the functions the product has to fulfil that can be implemented into either the product or the packaging; 2. likewise, a set of working principles types (or modes of operation) corresponding to the functions is defined, 3. the product physical properties and elements that refer to the functions and modes of operations (these factors are thus interrelated and mapped to each other); 4. the product family elements concern the whole family of a product. A level of influence has been also affected to each factor: direct influence (DI); potential influence (PI): the factor can be important for some types of products; minor influence (MI): except for some exceptions, the factor will not influence the degree of integration of packaging development into product development. […] The 4 types of strategies are: 1. Total integration: packaging is considered as a part of a product, on the same level as any other part. 2. Extended enterprise: the product company chooses not to have packaging as one of its core competen-cies, but packaging development is still sufficiently intertwined with product development to need a strong, long-term partnership with the packaging company(ies). 3. Virtual enterprise: similar to the extended enterprise, the partnership concerns here only a peculiar pro-ject. 4. Supplier-buyer: the packaging is treated as a simple component of a product. 5 CONCLUSION Based on 4 integration strategy models and a guideline, this support should help strategy planners define their own integrated product development strategies. Further development should include an empirical database (of case studies for example) to guide further the manager in his/her choice. Instead of 4 sets of strategies, it could be possible to break down them into smaller components the manager could choose. This would make possible to model the strategy definition task as a classification or as a configuration design task, and apply the methods developed in knowledge-based system (see [3]). REFERENCES [1] Motte, D., Bramklev, C., Bjärnemo, R. A method for supporting the integration of packaging devel-opment into product development. In 14th CIRP International Conference on Life Cycle Engineering 2007 - LCE CIRP, Tokyo, 2007, 95-100 (Springer, London). [2] Bramklev, C. Concurrent Development of Product and Packaging. Licentiate Thesis, 2004 (Division of Packaging Logistics, Department of Design Sciences LTH, Lund University, Lund). [3] Schreiber, G. Knowledge engineering and management: the CommonKADS methodology, 2002 (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA).
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