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- Caldiz, Mayra S., et al.
(författare)
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Lichen litter decomposition in Nothofagus forest of northern Patagonia: biomass and chemical changes over time
- 2007
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - 1938-4378. ; 110:2, s. 266-273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In northern Patagonia, macrolichens form species-rich and abundant epiphytic communities in southern beech forests. Five of the most abundant lichen species in the litter were selected in order to study mass loss rate and changes in mineral composition over time. The litter bag method was applied to the foliose lichens Pseudocyphellaria faveolata, Pseudocyphellaria flavicans, Nephroma antarcticum, Platismatia glauca and the fruticose Protousnea magellanica. Decomposition was measured over 550- and 600-day periods, starting in early and late summer, respectively. Mass loss after these periods varied from 30 to 82%. The decomposition rate between species differed from a half-life of 2.9 years in Pseudocyphellaria faveolata to 0.8 years in Protousnea magellanica and Plastismatia glauca. Samples deposited in early summer had a higher initial mass loss compared to samples deposited in late summer. After this initial loss, all species showed a similar temporal pattern with higher decomposition rates in winter and spring than in summer and fall. Pseudocyphellaria faveolata, Pseudocyphellaria flavicans and Nephroma antarcticum contain nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria and had a considerably higher N concentration and lower C/N ratio than Platismatia glauca and Protousnea magellanica. However, the latter species had a faster mass loss. Changes in macronutrient concentrations were small apart from a rapid loss of P and K in Pseudocyphellaria spp. and increasing Ca and Mg concentrations in Platismatia glauca and Protousnea magellanica. We conclude that seasonal climatic variations partly control the decomposition pattern but that the time of litterfall strongly influences the initial decay rate.
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| 2. |
- Caruso, Alexandro, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of substrate age and quality on species diversity of lichens and bryophytes on stumps
- 2009
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 0007-2745. ; 112, s. 520-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stumps from the last felling constitute a large proportion of dead wood in young managed forests. Yet, the knowledge of the diversity of stump-inhabiting organisms is poor. We studied the importance of substrate age and quality to lichen and bryophyte diversity on the cut surface of stumps in south-central Sweden. In total, we found 53 lichens and 35 bryophytes on 449 Norway spruce stumps in a forest stand chronosequence of four age classes: 4-5, 8-9, 12-13 and 16-18 years old stands. The influence of substrate age and substrate quality on species diversity differed between lichens and bryophytes. Lichen species richness was higher for age classes 2-4 compared to age class 1, whereas bryophyte richness was higher in age classes 3-4 than in 1. Further, lichen richness increased with increasing stump height and the presence of surface structural components (chairs and levels), which together with decay also influenced lichen species composition. Conversely, increasing stump height and the presence of levels decreased bryophyte richness, which in turn increased with increasing decay, surface area and number of surrounding trees and shrubs. Only decay explained differences in bryophyte species composition. Stumps in this region seem more important to overall lichen diversity, because there were on average more lichen species per stump and we only found common bryophytes but several uncommon lichens. The different responses of lichens and bryophytes to age and substrate variables indicates, however, the importance of including several organism groups in species diversity studies of dead wood.
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| 5. |
- Frisch, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Herpothallon rubroechinatum (Arthoniaceae), a new species from tropical and subtropical America
- 2010
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 0007-2745. ; 113, s. 144-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Herpothallon rubroechinatum is described from the U.S.A. (Florida), Costa Rica and Peru. The new species is characterised by scattered red anthraquinone crystals being attached to hyphae projecting from the thallus, the globose to cylindrical pseudoisidia, a closely adnate thallus, and psoromic acid as the main lichen compound; pycnidia are common at the tips of the pseudoisidia. The medulla of the new species shows a patchily distributed amyloid reaction. Contrary to previous reports, the amyloidity of the medulla was observed in all Herpothallon species re-investigated during this study. H. rubroechinatum is compared to the two other red pigmented species that contain psoromic acid, H. australasicum that lacks pigment crystals on the pseudoisidia, and H. globosum that has a loosely attached thallus and a well developed red hypothallus.
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| 6. |
- Fritz, Örjan, et al.
(författare)
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Interacting effects of tree characteristics on the occurrence of rare epiphytes in a Swedish beech forest area
- 2009
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 0007-2745. ; 112, s. 488-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many epiphytes in Swedish beech forests are associated with old and damaged trees. In this study we examined the impact of bark, soil and stemflow pH, water-holding capacity and bark structures on this association. We also analyzed whether the influence of these factors differed between species of conservation concern (red-listed and indicator species of woodland key habitats) and species not of conservation concern. One hundred and one age-determined living beech trees (range 58-277 yrs) in 13 beech-dominated stands were surveyed in a forest landscape in southern Sweden. We recorded 119 species in total (76 lichens, 43 bryophytes) of which 21 were red-listed and 17 indicator species (26 lichens, 12 bryophytes). NMS ordination showed that the species composition of lichens changed primarily with tree age and along the gradient of smooth bark versus moss cover. Bark pH and tree vitality were the most important gradients for bryophyte composition. The combination of old damaged beech trees and high bark pH resulted in the highest mean number of species of conservation concern for both lichens and bryophytes. The link between these factors is partly explained by a positive effect of tree age on the stemflow pH. Species number of bryophytes not of conservation concern increased with bark pH, whereas the corresponding group of lichens was favored primarily by increased light availability. Neither the water-holding capacity of bark nor soil pH affected patterns of species number. The results from this study show that old beech trees infected by fungi, with a higher bark pH, are the most valuable trees for epiphytes of conservation concern.
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| 7. |
- Frödén, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Josefpoeltia parva, a new combination in Josefpoeltia (Teloschistaceae)
- 2003
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Ingår i: Bryologist. - : American Bryological and Lichenological Society. - 1938-4378. ; 106:3, s. 447-450
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The new combination, Josefpoeltia parva (Ras.) Froden. & L. Lindblom with the basionym Xanthoria parva Ras., is made. The type species of Josefpoelfa, J. boliviensis, is reduced to synonymy with J. parva. The length of the conidia varies in J. parva showing a north-south gradient.
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| 8. |
- Giralt, Mireia, et al.
(författare)
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A new chemotype of Buellia triseptata (Physciaceae)
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Bryologist. - : ABLS. - 0007-2745 .- 1938-4378. ; 113:1, s. 72-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two collections of a chemically distinctive corticolous Buellia species were discovered in the herbarium of Sampaio at the University of Porto (po). A detailed morphological and chemical study of the specimens, as well as of additional material for comparison purposes, showed that they agree with Buellia triseptata, only differing by containing xanthones. They are here provisionally regarded as representing a new chemotype of B. triseptata. Further, the generic assignment of B. triseptata is discussed.
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