| 1. |
- Andersson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Vehicle Powertrain Test Bench Co-Simulation with a Moving Base Simulator Using a Pedal Robot
- 2013
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Ingår i: SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Electronic and Electrical Systems. - : SAE International. - 1946-4614 .- 1946-4622. ; 6:1, s. 169-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate driver perception of a vehicle powertrain a moving base simulator is a well-established technique. We are connecting the moving base simulator Sim III, at the Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute with a newly built chassis dynamometer at Vehicular Systems, Linköping University.The purpose of the effort is to enhance fidelity of moving base simulators by letting drivers experience an actual powertrain. At the same time technicians are given a new tool for evaluating powertrain solutions in a controlled environment.As a first step the vehicle model from the chassis dynamometer system has been implemented in Sim III. Interfacing software was developed and an optical fiber covering the physical distance of 500 m between the facilities is used to connect the systems. Further, a pedal robot has been developed that uses two linear actuators pressing the accelerator and brake pedals. The pedal robot uses feedback loops on accelerator position or brake cylinder pressure and is controlled via an UDP interface.Results from running the complete setup showed expected functionality and we are successful in performing a driving mission based on real road topography data. Vehicle acceleration and general driving feel was perceived as realistic by the test subjects while braking still needs improvements. The pedal robot construction enables use of a large set of cars available on the market and except for mounting the brake pressure sensor the time to switch vehicle is approximately 30 minutes.
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| 2. |
- Bergenhem, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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V2V Communication Quality : Measurements in a Cooperative Automotive Platooning Application
- 2014
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Ingår i: SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Electronic and Electrical Systems. - : SAE International. - 1946-4614 .- 1946-4622. ; 7:2, s. 462-470
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents measurements on Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication between participants in a platooning application. Platooning, according to the SARTRE concept, implies several vehicles travelling together in tight formation, with a manually driven heavy lead vehicle. The platoon being studied consists of five vehicles; two trucks in the lead and three passenger cars. The V2V-communication node in each vehicle contains an 802.11p radio at 5,9 GHz. It is used to send messages between vehicles to coordinate movements and maintain safety in the platoon. Another cooperative application that relies on V2V-communication is multiple UAVs flying in formation; as investigated in KARYON. This project also investigates cooperative autonomous vehicles. In both applications, V2V-communication is an enabling technology. Two metrics are studied to quantify the V2V-communication quality: system packet error rate and consecutive packet loss. These two metrics characterize the communication quality in the different tests (speed, antenna position and two tracks). The paper draws general conclusions on the performance of V2V-communication. The presented test results supports comparison of the tested antenna placements on the trucks and the communication quality related to speed and track.
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| 3. |
- Lundkvist, André, et al.
(författare)
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3D Auditory Displays for Parking Assistance Systems
- 2017
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Ingår i: SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Electronic and Electrical Systems. - : Society of Automotive Engineers. - 1946-4614 .- 1946-4622. ; 10:1, s. 17-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to investigate if 3D auditory displays could be used to enhance parking assistance systems (PAS). Objective measurements and estimations of workload were used to assess the benefits of different 3D auditory displays. In today’s cars, PAS normally use a visual display together with simple sound signals to inform drivers of obstacles in close proximity. These systems rely heavily on the visual display, as the sound does not provide information about obstacles' location. This may cause the driver to lose focus on the surroundings and reduce situational awareness. Two user studies (during summer and winter) were conducted to compare three different systems. The baseline system corresponded to a system normally found in today’s cars. The other systems were designed with a 3D auditory display, conveying information of where obstacles were located through sound. A visual display was also available. Both normal parking and parallel parking was conducted. Time taken for parking and the number of obstacles/curb hits were recorded. Participants answered a NASA TLX questionnaire after evaluating each PAS for estimation of their experienced workload. Most participants enjoyed the additional information provided by the 3D auditory displays. The winter trial showed a significant reduction in perceived effort when using a 3D auditory display compared to the baseline. The summer trial showed tendencies of higher mental demand and frustration with the baseline compared to the 3D auditory displays. The results suggest that 3D auditory displays can be appreciated and useful in difficult parking situations.
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| 4. |
- Svensson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Vehicle diagnostics method by anomaly detection and fault identification software
- 2009
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Ingår i: SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Electronic and Electrical Systems. - Warrendale, PA : SAE Inc.. - 1946-4614 .- 1946-4622. ; 2:1, s. 352-358
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new approach is proposed for fault detection. It builds on using the relationships between sensor values on vehicles to detect deviating sensor readings and trends in the system performance. However, in contrast to previous approaches based on such sensor relations, our approach uses a fleet of vehicles to define the normal conditions and relations. The relationships between the sensors are also determined automatically in a self-organized way on each vehicle, i.e. no off-line modeling is required. The proposed method is the first step in a remote diagnostics and maintenance service where error detection is done automatically, followed by a download of special purpose diagnostics software for the particular subsystem where the possible fault was detected. © 2009 SAE International.
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| 5. |
- Öberg, Per, et al.
(författare)
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A New Chassis Dynamometer Laboratory for Vehicle Research
- 2013
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Ingår i: SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Electronic and Electrical Systems. - : SAE International. - 1946-4614 .- 1946-4622. ; 6:1, s. 152-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years the need for testing, calibration and certification of automotive components and powertrains have increased, partly due to the development of new hybrid concepts. At the same time, the development within electrical drives enables more versatile chassis dynamometer setups with better accuracy at a reduced cost. We are developing a new chassis dynamometer laboratory for vehicle research, aiming at extending a recently commercially available dynamometer, building a new laboratory around it, and applying the resulting facility to some new challenging vehicle research problems. The projects are enabled on one hand by collaboration with the dynamometer manufacturer, and on the other hand on collaboration with automotive industry allowing access to relevant internal information and equipment. The test modes of the chassis dynamometer are under development in a joint collaboration with the manufacturer. The laboratory has been operational since September 2011 and has already been used for NVH-analysis for a tire pressure indication application, chassis dynamometer road force co-simulation with a moving base simulator, co-surge modeling and control for a 6-cylinder bi-turbo engine, and traditional engine mapping. We are also looking at projects with focus on look-ahead control, as well as clutch and transmission modeling and control, and driving cycle related research.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Ingemar, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a Closed Loop Spark Advance Controller Based on a Torque Sensor
- 2008
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Ingår i: SAE Technical Papers. - : SAE International. - 0148-7191 .- 2688-3627.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A closed loop spark advance control system was evaluated on a Volvo V70 5-cylinder spark ignited engine. The system utilises a crankshaft mounted torque sensor for combustion monitoring which provides individual cylinder combustion phasing information and enables individual cylinder spark advance control. The spark advance control system can compensate for changes in combustion operating conditions and hence limit the need for calibration. The spark advance control system was used in a mode of cylinder balancing where the control target is to keep the combustion phasing in all cylinders at a defined setpoint. This control law was evaluated in vehicle tests in an emission test chamber, running pre-defined driving cycles FTP72 and Highway Fuel Economy Test. Analysis shows that the combustion phasing was kept close to the selected setpoint during both tests and, hence, robustness in that sense was demonstrated. The torque ratio concept is used for combustion phasing monitoring based on crankshaft torque measurements. Analysis of the 50% torque ratio as a measure for combustion phasing shows that it is equivalent to 50% burned mass fraction.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Höckerdal, Erik, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Air mass-flow measurement and estimation in diesel engines equipped with EGR and VGT
- 2008
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Ingår i: SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Electronic and Electrical Systems. - Detroit, USA : SAE. - 1946-4622.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- With stricter emission legislations and customer demands on low fuel consumption, good control strategies are necessary. This may involve control of variables that are hard, or even impossible, to measure with real physical sensors. By applying estimators or observers, these variables can be made available. The quality of a real sensor is determined by e.g. accuracy, drift and aging, but assessing the quality of an estimator is a more subtle task. An estimator is the result of a design work and hence, connected to factors like application, model, control error and robustness.The air mass-flow in a diesel engine is a very important quantity that has a direct impact on many control and diagnosis functions. The quality of the air mass-flow sensor in a diesel engine is analyzed with respect to day-to-day variations, aging, and differences in engine configurations. The investigation highlights the necessity of continuous monitoring and adaption of the air mass-flow. One way to do this is to use an estimator. Nine estimators are designed for estimation of the air mass-flow with the aim of assessing different quality measures. In the study of the estimators and quality measures it is evident that model accuracy is important and that special care has to be taken, regarding what quality measure to use, when the estimator performance is evaluated.
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| 10. |
- Sivencrona, H., et al.
(författare)
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SWAP-design of an AUTOSAR open laboratory test bench
- 2008
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Ingår i: SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Electronic and Electrical Systems. - : SAE International. - 1946-4622.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes an AUTOSAR testbench that will be evaluated by the SWAP (SoftWare Automotive Platform) project. It presents the functionality as well as the expected use of the platform. SWAP is a Swedish research initiative whose goal is to increase AUTOSAR competence throughout the design of an AUTOSAR compliant test bench. The test bench will be provided in an open laboratory where an AUTOSAR Version 3.0 (4.0 is planned)-compliant basic software, including applications, necessary tools and hardware, e.g. ECUs and communication bus, will be made available. The test bench will hopefully be useful for a broad range of applied research and product development projects. Also, SWAP will manage AUTOSAR seminars for increasing the know-how for interested users. SWAP will also provide a basis for establishing and increasing knowledge in the area of adapting AUTOSAR to the emerging functional safety standard ISO WD 26262.
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