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- Kullgren, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Problem drinking among patients attending primary healthcare units in Kampala, Uganda
- 2009
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Ingår i: African journal of psychiatry. - 1994-8220. ; 12:1, s. 52-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have shown that a large a number of primary health care patients have alcohol related problems and very few are detected and treated. Few studies have been done in developing countries on this topic. This study sought to determine the prevalence and detection of alcohol related problems in a Primary Health Care setting (PHC). in Kampala Uganda. METHOD: 768 consecutive PHC patients in two PHC centers in Kampala, Uganda, were screened in a two stage procedure. After being asked if they drink alcohol they were interviewed by means of the CAGE questionnaire and a quantity/frequency questionnaire. Those who scored positive on the CAGE were further diagnosed for alcohol dependence using the DSM- IV diagnostic criteria. RESULTS: Of all patients, 17.4% scored above cut-off on the CAGE, 28.5% had a high risk drinking pattern and 9.5% had alcohol dependence. Among drinkers, drinking beyond safe limit was more common among men. Males and those aged between 35 to 44 years, were more likely to be CAGE positive and to be diagnosed with alcohol dependence. Only 27 out of 366 drinkers were asked about alcohol by the PHC professional. Males and high risk drinkers were more likely to be asked. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of alcohol problems was high and detection rate of alcohol related problems was low in this Ugandan setting. Training of PHC professionals in diagnosing and treating alcohol related problems is required.
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- Lochner, Christine, et al.
(författare)
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Childhood trauma in adults with social anxiety disorder and panic disorder: A cross-national study
- 2010
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Ingår i: African Journal of Psychiatry. - : African Journals Online (AJOL). - 1994-8220. ; 13:5, s. 376-381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The influence of childhood trauma on the development of adult psychopathology is far from being elucidated. As part of a collaborative project between research groups from South Africa (SA) and Sweden focusing on genetic and environmental factors contributing to anxiety disorders, this study specifically investigated rates of childhood trauma in South African and Swedish patients respectively, and whether, in the sample as a whole, different traumatic experiences in childhood is predictive of social anxiety (SAD) or panic disorder (PD) in adulthood.Method: Participants with SAD or PD (85 from SA, 135 from Sweden) completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Logistic regression was performed with data from the two countries separately, and from the sample as a whole, with primary diagnoses as dependent variables, with gender, age, and country as covariates, and the CTQ subscale totals as independent variables. Additionally the study investigated the internal consistency of the CTQ subscales.Results: SA patients showed higher levels of childhood trauma than Swedish patients. When data from both countries were combined, SAD patients reported higher rates of childhood emotional abuse compared to those with PD; moreover, emotional abuse in childhood was found to play a predictive role in SAD/PD in adulthood in the Swedish and the combined samples, and the same trend was found in the SA sample. The psychometric qualities of the CTQ subscales were adequate with the exception of the physical neglect subscale.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that anxiety disorder patients may differ across countries in terms of childhood trauma. Certain forms of childhood abuse may contribute specific vulnerability to different types of psychopathology. Longitudinal studies should focus on the potential sequential development of SAD/PD among individuals with childhood emotional abuse.
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- Owe-Larsson, B, et al.
(författare)
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HIV infection and psychiatric illness
- 2009
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Ingår i: African journal of psychiatry. - : African Journals Online (AJOL). - 1994-8220. ; 12:2, s. 115-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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