| 1. |
- Ahlstrand, Tuuli, et al.
(författare)
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Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans LPS binds human interleukin-8
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Oral Microbiology. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 2000-2297. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Various gram-negative species sequester host cytokines using outer membrane proteins or surface modulation by sulfated polysaccharides. An outer membrane lipoprotein (BilRI) of the periodontal pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans binds several cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-8. Because IL-8 is positively charged at physiological pH, we aimed to determine whether IL-8 interacts with negatively charged lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Binding was investigated using electrophoretic mobility shift assays and microwell-based time-resolved fluorometric immunoassay. LPS from each tested strain of A. actinomycetemcomitans (N = 13), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (N = 1) and Escherichia coli (N = 1) bound IL-8. The K-d value of the A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS-IL-8 interaction varied between 1.2-17 mu M irrespective of the serotype and the amount of phosphorus in LPS and was significantly lower than that of the BilRI-IL-8 interaction. Moreover, IL-8 interacted with whole A. actinomycetemcomitans cells and outer membrane vesicles. Hence, LPS might be involved in binding of IL-8 to the outer membrane of A. actinomycetemcomitans. This raises an interesting question regarding whether other gram-negative periodontal pathogens use LPS for IL-8 sequestering in vivo.
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| 2. |
- Angarita-Diaz, Maria P., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of possible biomarkers for caries risk in children 6 to 12 years of age
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Oral Microbiology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2000-2297. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Electrolytes, proteins, and other salivary molecules play an important role in tooth integrity and can serve as biomarkers associated with caries.Objective: To determine the concentration of potential biomarkers in children without caries (CF) and children with caries (CA).Methods: Unstimulated saliva was collected, and the biomarkers quantified in duplicate, using commercial Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kits to determine IgA, fibronectin, cathelicidin LL-37, and statherin levels, as well as colorimetric tests to detect formate and phosphate.Results: Significantly higher concentrations of statherin was detected in the CF group (Median: 94,734.6; IQR: 92,934.6-95,113.7) compared to the CA2 group (90,875.0; IQR: 83,580.2-94,633.4) (p = 0.03). Slightly higher median IgA (48,250.0; IQR: 31,461.9-67,418.8) and LL-37 levels (56.1; IQR 43.6-116.2) and a lower concentration of formate were detected in the CF group (0.02; IQR 0.0034-0.15) compared to the group with caries (IgA: 37,776.42; IQR: 33,383.9-44,128.5; LL-37: 46.3; IQR: 40.1011-67.7; formate: 0.10; IQR: 0.01-0.18), but these differences were not statistically significant.Conclusion: The fact that these compounds have been identified as good markers for caries among European adults highlights the difficulty of identifying universal biomarkers that are applicable to all ages or to different populations.
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| 3. |
- Bankvall, M., et al.
(författare)
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Metataxonomic and metaproteomic profiling of the oral microbiome in oral lichen planus - a pilot study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Oral Microbiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-2297. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A growing body of evidence demonstrates a different bacterial composition in the oral cavity of patients with oral lichen planus (OLP). Patients and methods: Buccal swab samples were collected from affected and non-affected sites of six patients with reticular OLP and the healthy oral mucosa of six control subjects. 16S rRNA gene MiSeq sequencing and mass spectrometry-based proteomics were utilised to identify the metataxonomic and metaproteomic profiles of the oral microbiome in both groups. Results: From the metataxonomic analysis, the most abundant species in the three subgroups were Streptococcus oralis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, accounting for up to 70% of the total population. Principal Coordinates Analysis showed differential clustering of samples from the healthy and OLP groups. ANCOM-BC compositional analysis revealed multiple species (including P. aeruginosa and several species of Veillonella, Prevotella, Streptococcus and Neisseria) significantly over-represented in the control group and several (including Granulicatella elegans, Gemella haemolysans and G. parahaemolysans) in patients with OLP. The metaproteomic data were generally congruent and revealed that several Gemella haemolysans-belonging peptidases and other proteins with inflammatory and virulence potential were present in OLP lesions. Conclusion: Our data suggest that several bacterial species are associated with OLP. Future studies with larger cohorts should be conducted to determine their role in the aetiology of OLP and evaluate their potential as disease biomarkers.
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| 4. |
- Bankvall, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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The oral microbiota of patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of oral microbiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-2297. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Specific pathogenic bacteria have been implicated in recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), a chronic inflammatory condition characterised by ulcerations in the oral mucosa. However, the aetiology behind this condition still remains unclear.
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| 5. |
- Basic, Amina, et al.
(författare)
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Estimation of bacterial hydrogen sulfide production in vitro.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of oral microbiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-2297. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oral bacterial hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production was estimated comparing two different colorimetric methods in microtiter plate format. High H2S production was seen for Fusobacterium spp., Treponema denticola, and Prevotella tannerae, associated with periodontal disease. The production differed between the methods indicating that H2S production may follow different pathways.
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| 6. |
- Basic, Amina, et al.
(författare)
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H2S mediates increased interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 production in leukocytes from patients with periodontitis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Oral Microbiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-2297. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- - Background: The mechanisms involved in the interplay between the bacteria and the host cells in periodontitis are not fully understood. Aim: To investigate the effect of the bacterial metabolite H2S on the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 from periodontitis patients and healthy controls, and to evaluate the composition of the subgingival microbiota with its capacity to produce H2S. Methods: Subgingival bacterial samples from patients with periodontitis (N=32) and healthy controls (N=32) were investigated for H2S production and bacterial composition. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured in the presence/absence of 1mM H2S for 24h and cytokine concentrations were measured. Results: Subgingival plaque from periodontitis patients had more H2S producing bacteria and produced more H2S, than healthy controls. PBMCs exposed to H2S secreted significantly more IL-1ß and IL-18 (p<0.0001) than untreated control PBMCs from both groups. PBMCs from the periodontitis patients secreted higher levels of the cytokines, both spontaneously (IL-1ß p=0.0001; IL-18 p=0.09) and after exposure to H2S (IL-1ß p=0.03; IL-18 p=0.04), which is a new finding not previously reported. Conclusions: H2S, from the subgingival microbiota, can contribute to a host inflammatory response through secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Since this response differs between individuals, it may also reflect the susceptibility of the host to develop periodontitis. © 2019, © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Basic, Amina, et al.
(författare)
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The secretion of cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with periodontitis and healthy controls when exposed to H2S
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Oral Microbiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-2297. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Hydrogen sulfide(H2S) is a bacterial metabolite produced as a result of bacterial growth in subgingival pockets, suggested to partake in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. H2S has previously been shown to induce the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta and IL-18 via the NLRP3 inflammasome in monocytes. Objective: To investigate the non-NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent immunological response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of periodontitis patients and healthy controls exposed to H2S in vitro. Methods: PBMCs of periodontitis patients(N = 31) and healthy controls(N = 32) were exposed to 1 mM sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) at 37 degrees C for 24 h and the secretion of cytokines was compared to resting cells. TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IL-17, MCP-1, and IL-1Ra secretions were measured with Bio-Plex Pro (TM) Human Cytokine Assay. Results: H2S triggered the secretion of the pro-inflammatory IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-alpha, IL-12p40, and IL-12p70, while the reverse was seen for IL-1Ra. In addition, a higher basal secretion of IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-17 and MCP-1 was seen from PBMCs of periodontitis patients compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: The bacterial metabolite H2S triggers the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines from PBMCs and may thus have a prominent role in the host-bacteria interplay in periodontitis.
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| 9. |
- Batista, A. M., et al.
(författare)
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Quantification of torque teno virus (TTV) DNA in saliva and plasma samples in patients at short time before and after kidney transplantation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Oral Microbiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-2297. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Several reports have proposed that the viral load of torque teno virus (TTV) in plasma is a biomarker of immune function in solid organ transplantation (SOT) and in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Additionally, for the latter one, TTV-DNA quantification in saliva has also been suggested. Aim to investigate the correlation between the TTV viral load and immune function in paired saliva and plasma samples in patients on kidney transplantation. Materials and Methods TTV-DNA viral load was quantified in paired samples of saliva and plasma from 71 patients before and a short-time after renal-transplantation by real-time PCR. Results The data obtained from 213 paired samples showed a slight consistency in the comparison between saliva and plasma, with prevalence of TTV-DNA being 58%, 52% and 60% in saliva samples and 60%, 73% and 90% in plasma samples before and at 15-20 and 45-60 days after transplantation, respectively. Additionally, a high TTV viral load was observed in plasma at 15-20 and 45-60 days after transplantation compared to that observed in saliva at the same time. Conclusions Overall, monitoring TTV-DNA in saliva samples could be an additional fast non-invasive option to assess the immune functionality in SOT populations.
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| 10. |
- Blomqvist, Susanne, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Phenotype, genotype, and antibiotic susceptibility of Swedish and Thai oral isolates of Staphylococcus aureus
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Oral Microbiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-2297. ; 7:1, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The present study investigated phenotypes, virulence genotypes, and antibiotic susceptibility of oral Staphylococcus aureus strains in order to get more information on whether oral infections with this bacterium are associated with certain subtypes or related to an over-growth of the S. aureus variants normally found in the oral cavity of healthy carriers. Materials and methods: A total number of 157 S. aureus strains were investigated. Sixty-two strains were isolated from Swedish adults with oral infections, 25 strains were from saliva of healthy Swedish dental students, and 45 strains were from tongue scrapings of HIV-positive subjects in Thailand, and 25 Thai strains from non-HIV controls. The isolates were tested for coagulase, nitrate, arginine, and hemolysin, and for the presence of the virulence genes: hlg, clfA, can, sdrC, sdrD, sdrE, map/eap (adhesins) and sea, seb, sec, tst, eta, etb, pvl (toxins). MIC90 and MIC50 were determined by E-test against penicillin V, oxacillin, amoxicillin, clindamycin, vancomycin, fusidic acid, and cefoxitin. Results: While the hemolytic phenotype was significantly (p<0.001) more common among the Thai strains compared to Swedish strains, the virulence genes were found in a similar frequency in the S. aureus strains isolated from all four subject groups. The Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genotype was found in 73-100% of the strains. More than 10% of the strains from Swedish oral infections and from Thai HIVpositives showed low antibiotic susceptibility, most commonly for clindamycin. Only three methicillinresistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains were identified, two from oral infections and one from a Thai HIV patient. Conclusions: S. aureus is occasionally occurring in the oral cavity in both health and disease in Sweden and Thailand. It is therefore most likely that S. aureus in opportunistic oral infections originate from the oral microbiota. S. aureus should be considered in case of oral infections and complaints and the antibiotic susceptibility (including MRSA) should regularly be checked. The frequent presence of S. aureus, although in low numbers among students and staff, emphasizes the importance of standard infection control precautions and of using diagnostic test in the dental clinic. © 2015 Susanne Blomqvist et al.
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