| 1. |
- Augustinsson, Sören, et al.
(författare)
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On the organisation of sustainable prerequisites for the subjective well-being and growth of individuals
- 2012
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Ingår i: Vulnerable Groups & Inclusion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8023. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects that work has on individuals are not unknown. The importance of work in terms of the subjective well-being and growth of individuals through their work, however, is not as extensively discussed and documented. Risk factors and unhealthy factors have long been discussed at the expense of positive conditions for well-being and personal growth. We like to call work with that type of potential regenerative work. Hence, that is the type of work that we have chosen to focus on in this study. The following research objectives have guided us through the study: Which everyday work processes may contribute to sustainable prerequisites for the subjective well-being and growth of individuals? The study takes an explorative approach to two workplaces - a care unit at a hospital and a manufacturing company. Our aim is to increase the understanding of prerequisites for the well-being and growth of individuals through their work. Three themes emerged in this type of regenerative work: performance, general overview and participation, and dialogue. These themes are problemised by looking at their potential in relation to the organisation of the work. Prerequisites for performance, general overview and participation, and finally dialogue prove to be more efficient in contexts where the complexity of the work and organisation is acknowledged and where there is room for inter-subjective sense-making and self-organising.
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| 2. |
- Bahner, Julia
(författare)
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The power of discretion and the discretion of power: personal assistants and sexual facilitation in disability services
- 2013
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Ingår i: Vulnerable Groups & Inclusion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8023. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The purpose of this article is to explore how personal assistants, working in state-funded services for mobility-disabled people in Sweden, perceive and experience their work, with special focus on sexual facilitation (assistance with sexual activities). Background: Personal assistance services are a legal right, aiming to give certain disabled people the possibility to live on equal terms in society with non-disabled citizens. The services are to be grounded on the principles of self-determination, autonomy, integrity, and user influence according to independent-living ideology. However, the legislation does not mention sexuality, and in addition, there are often no local policies; hence, it is unclear what service users can demand in terms of sexual facilitation, and on the assistants’ part, what is and what is not acceptable to assist with. Methods: The methods used to gather data were interviews with 15 personal assistants as well as observations in an online discussion forum for personal assistants. Findings: The analysis suggests that personal assistants may experience that there is a taboo against discussing sexual facilitation in the workplace. There are no predetermined policies, regulations, or ethical codes of conduct regarding sexual facilitation, and the personal assistants’ discretion is therefore strong. Different strategies for managing this discretion were identified, greatly influenced by personal values, as well as societal norms. Conclusion: The normative context of discretion is highly visible, suggesting the importance of uncovering the interplay between the power dimensions of sexuality, disability, gender, and professionalism.
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| 3. |
- Ericsson, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Housing support workers as equilibrists between instrumentality and situation : a qualitative study in congregated housings for people with smi
- 2014
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Ingår i: Vulnerable Groups & Inclusion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8023. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Community-based psychiatry as an arena for studying work efforts is relatively unexplored. The professional role of a housing support worker (HSW) in congregated supported housings for people with severe mental illness (SMI) is fairly new. The role has emerged due to major changes in Swedish mental care and services. Our aim was to describe the work experiences of HSWs and to understand the conditions provided when work assignments are being constructed. By doing this we provide an important piece of the puzzle in understanding the processes in contemporary congregated supported housings for people with SMI. Four focus group interviews were conducted and included 25 participants. Four different facilities of congregated supported housings for people with SMI were represented in the material. The interpretation of the material was inspired by a constructionist approach. The work of an HSW is experienced as complex and ambiguous. Together with different significant actors (including objects), the HSWs are negotiating the content of the responsibilities. Thus, different actors help co-construct the work content. Furthermore, the HSWs are caught between two different logics, one that is related to a complex practice and one that is related to instrumental and routine-based ideas. The complex emotional work of an HSW is often not supported by the principles of the organization. The findings can be helpful when organizing the work in congregated supported housings for people with SMI. This paper highlights the importance of bridging the gap between organizational demands and expectations and the individual preconditions and basic needs.
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| 4. |
- Hansen, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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The relative importance of aerobic capacity, physical activity and body mass index in impaired glucose toleranceand Type 2 diabetes
- 2012
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Ingår i: Vulnerable Groups & Inclusion. - : Co-action Publishing. - 2000-8023. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To investigate the relative importance of aerobic capacity, physical activity and body mass index (BMI) for discriminating between people with Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) or Type 2 diabetes and healthy controls. Method: Variables included scores on estimated VO2-max (ml/kg/min) by walking the UKK walking-test, responses to questions on self-reported physical activity and BMI. Design: Participants were recruited into groups of IGT, Type 2 diabetes and healthy controls (N64). Statistical analyses were performed by multifactor ANOVA, bivariate correlations and logistic regression. Result: Obesity, as indicated by BMI, was most evident in the IGT and Type 2 diabetes groups when jointly compared with the healthy controls (p=0.004, OR ≥16.00). However, when separately compared with the healthy controls, BMI scores strongly discriminated between the IGT versus healthy controls but failed to distinguish between Type 2 diabetes and healthy controls. Scores for aerobic capacity and level of physical activity failed to distinguish between healthy controls and IGT as well as Type 2 diabetes status. Conclusion: BMI was significantly associated with IGT whereas aerobic capacity and level of physical activity were not predictive of group status for IGT and Type 2 diabetes. The results indicated that primary health care should focus on all means for weight reduction, including physical activity and other life style changes, in order to prevent individuals from escalating into IGT in order to prevent risk of Type 2 diabetes.
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| 5. |
- Johansson Sevä, Ingemar, et al.
(författare)
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Are the self-employed really that poor? Income poverty and living standard among self-employed in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Vulnerable Groups & Inclusion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8023. ; 6:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Small enterprises are often highlighted by politicians as important engines of economic growth and job creation. However, previous research suggests that self-employment might not be equally beneficial for individuals in terms of their income compared to regular employment. Several studies have in fact found that the self-employed may face a substantially higher poverty risk than do regular employees. The aim of the present study is to investigate to what extent income poverty is a good predictor of actual living standards among the self-employed. Is the relationship between income poverty and living standards different for self-employed compared to the regularly employed? To investigate this question we use a unique Swedish survey dataset including regularly employed (n 2,642) as well as self-employed (over-sampled, n 2,483). Income poverty is defined as living in a household with less than 60% of the median household income. Living standards are measured with a deprivation index based on 29 consumption indicators. The results show that even though income poverty is more prevalent among the self-employed than among the regularly employed, no evidence can be found suggesting that the self-employed have a lower standard of living than the regularly employed. Furthermore, when specifically comparing income poor self-employed with income poor regularly employed, we find that the income poor self-employed score significantly lower on the deprivation index even after the compositional characteristics of both groups are taken into account. The conclusion is that poverty measures based on income data underestimate the actual living standard of the self-employed.
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| 6. |
- Klockmo, Carolina, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Moving toward a recovery-oriented approach in the Swedish mental health system : an interview study of Personligt Ombud in Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Vulnerable Groups & Inclusion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8023. ; 3, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Personligt Ombud (PO) is a Swedish version of case management (CM) which was established with the Swedish Mental Health Reform in 1995. The main purpose of POs is to ensure that people with psychiatric disabilities receive the services needed to live an independent life in the community and to coordinate these services. Studies have shown that POs provide more support than this and it was interesting to investigate this further. Aim: The aim of the study was to explore what supportive strategies Personligt Ombuds (POs) use in their work with the clients who have PO support. Method: To obtain extensive descriptions of strategies that POs use in work, POs from different parts of Sweden were chosen and asked to participate in the study and 22 POs agreed to participate. The interviews were conducted over the telephone. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Findings: The findings of the study were reflected in a main category where PO could be described as a facilitator of an active changing process, where the clients make their personal changes in life, based on personal active choices. POs used several strategies, such as defining goals, acting to push the client forward, acting as mentors, strengthening the client and mobilizing external resources. Conclusion: Many of the strategies POs used are similar to strategies in recovery-oriented services and, in particular, in Strengths Model Case Management. However, there are strategies that POs could develop to be even more recovery-oriented. There is a lack of systematic review of the strengths of a client, and this could be solved by using an already existing assessment instrument like the one in the Strengths Model Case Management.
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| 7. |
- Landstad, Bodil, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Female leaders' experiences of psychosocial working conditions and its health consequences in Swedish public human service organizations
- 2013
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Ingår i: Vulnerable Groups & Inclusion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8023. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Municipal workplaces have high levels of sickness absence, and deterioration of the psychosocial work environment has been most pronounced for women and employees in this sector of Swedish working life. This study explores how female leaders in one rural municipality in Sweden experience their psychosocial working conditions and its health consequences. Interviews were carried out with 20 female leaders. Data were analyzed with a content analysis method using major dimensions of work stress models. These were job demands, job control, job resources, social support, and its health consequences. The analysis shows that the leaders experience high and conflicting job demands, limited possibilities to influence their work situation, insufficient job resources and social support, and limited time for their own health promotion. However, the leaders experience possibilities to develop skills in their jobs and opportunities to participate in educational programs. The analyses confirm the need for improvements in the prerequisites for female leaders in public human service organizations. It is important to improve female leaders' psychosocial working conditions by implementing a more narrow control range, increased personal and economical recourses, leadership support, and leader development programs.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Nordenmark, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Control and demands in work, work-private life balance and wellbeing among male and female self-employed in Europe
- 2012
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Ingår i: Vulnerable Groups & Inclusion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8023. ; 3, s. 1-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Self-employed persons and their enterprises are regarded as important to the economy for their contribution to economic development. However, an understanding of the relationship between the psychosocial working conditions, the work-life balance and outcomes, such as health and wellbeing among the self-employed and micro-enterprise is limited. The main aim of this article is to study the relationships between control and demands at work, the work-life balance and wellbeing among self-employed men and women. Data were obtained from the European Social Survey (ESS) programme 2004, which is an interview survey conducted in 26 European countries (n15 789). Wellbeing is measured by the WHO-Five Wellbeing Index and work-life balance is measured by an index consisting of two questions on work-life balance/conflict. The results show that men and women who are self-employed experience a lower level of work-life balance than those employed and this result is found more in men than women. When job control and demands are held constant for the self-employed and the employed, self-employed women experience a significantly higher level of work-life balance than do employed women, but self-employed men experience a similar level of work-life balance as do employed men. Self-employed women have a slightly higher level of wellbeing than do employed women and the difference between the selfemployed and the employed men is non-significant. When controlling for the level of job control, the relationship between self-employment and wellbeing is non-significant among women and is significantly negative among men. The results of this study confirm that the psychosocial working conditions are important because demands and control in work influence work-life balance and wellbeing among self-employed men and women.
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| 10. |
- Nordenmark, Mikael, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Job control and demands, work-life balance and wellbeing among self-employed men and women in Europe.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Vulnerable Groups & Inclusion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8023. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Self-employed persons and their enterprises are regarded as important to the economy for their contribution to economic development. However, an understanding of the relationship between the psychosocial working conditions, the work-life balance, and outcomes such as health and wellbeing among the self-employed and micro-enterprise is limited. The main aim of this article is to study the relationships between control and demands at work, the work-life balance and wellbeing among self-employed men and women. Data were obtained from the European Social Survey Program (ESS) 2004 which is an interview survey conducted in 26 European countries (n = 15 789). Wellbeing is measured by the WHO-Five Wellbeing Index and work-life balance is measured by an index consisting of two questions asking about work-life balance/conflict. The results show that men and women who are self-employed experience a lower level of work-life balance than the employed and this result is found more in men than women. When job control and demands are held constant for the self-employed and the employed, self-employed women experience a significantly higher level of work-life balance than do employed women, yet self-employed men experience a similar level of work-life balance as do employed men. Self-employed women have a slightly higher level of wellbeing than do employed women and the difference between the self-employed and employed men is non-significant. When controlling for the level of job control the relationship between self-employment and wellbeing is non-significant among women and is significantly negative among men. In sum, the results of this study confirm that the psychosocial working conditions are important because demands and control in work influence work-life balance and well-being among self-employed men and women.
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