| 1. |
- Gustavsson, Martina E, et al.
(författare)
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Moral stress among Swedish health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic : a cross-sectional study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Global Public Health. - 2002-2867.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: This study quantifies to what extent Health care workers (HCWs) experienced moral stress and to what extent their experiences of moral stress were related to gender and age as well as to working directly with COVID-19 patients and other work-related factors. Methods: This study consists of a cross-sectional survey that was conducted among 16,044 Swedish HCWs. A total of 153,300 HCWs and support staff who participated in the COVID-19 training offered by the Karolinska Institute were invited by email to participate in a web survey during autumn 2020. Results: This study is the first to quantify the frequency and severity of moral stress in a large group of HCWs. Moral stress was reported to a higher extent by HCWs involved in COVID-19 care and those involved in direct patient care. A lack of resources and the restrictions that hindered the patients’ family and friends from being involved were major causes of moral stress. Informal support was reported as being the most available and useful for dealing with moral stress. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that moral stress is common among HCWs who work with infected patients during a pandemic. The goal should not be to eliminate moral stress, as such stress may be viewed as a normal reaction to moral issues, but organizational structures (sufficient staffing and resources), could decrease the likelihood of morally stressful situations. Finally, to avoid the development of moral distress and its potential consequences, improvements could be made in providing HCWs with support tools for managing moral stress.
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| 2. |
- Abildgaard, Johan Simonsen, et al.
(författare)
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Special issue editorial : new perspectives on workplace interventions
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. - : Stockholm University Press. - 2002-2867. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the current special issue is to promote and foster development, debate, and knowledge of workplace Interventions. It is fitting that SJWOP, being a Scandinavian journal, has taken on the task of foregrounding intervention research. Scandinavian work and organizational psychologists have since the late 1990’s been at the forefront of the development of research into organizational interventions, for example by promoting a focus on not only effect, but also on process evaluation. This tradition has been kept alive by new generations of Scandinavian researcher who share the ideals of increasing our knowledge about the working mechanisms of interventions. But organizational interventions have proven to be much broader than just participatory interventions, and the current special issue contains a range of intervention approaches and methodological approaches. The papers in the special issue each present different areas and approaches in advancing our knowledge about interventions. We are pleased to publish both conceptual papers on evaluation and new forms of intervention as well as evaluations of interventions expanding our methodological toolbox.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Berthelsen, Hanne, et al.
(författare)
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A Qualitative Study on the Content Validity of the Social Capital Scales in the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II)
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. - : Stockholm University Press. - 2002-2867. ; 1:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II) includes scales for measuring workplace social capital. The overall aim of this article is to evaluate the content validity of the following scales: horizontal trust, vertical trust and justice based on data from cognitive interviews using a think-aloud procedure. Informants were selected to achieve variation in gender, age, region of residence, and occupation. A predetermined coding scheme was used to identify: 1) Perspective (reflection on behalf of oneself only or abstraction to a broader perspective), 2) Use of response options, 3) Contexts challenging the process of answering, and 4) Overall reflections included in the retrieval and judgement processes leading to an answer for each item. The results showed that 1) the intended shift from individual to a broader perspective worked for eight out of eleven items. 2) The response option balancing in the middle covered different meanings. Retrieval of information needed to answer constituted a problem in four out of eleven items. 3) Three contextually challenging situations were identified. 4) For most items the reflections corresponded well with the intention of the scales, though the items asking about withheld information caused more problems in answering and lower content validity compared to the other items of the scales. In general, the findings supported the content validity of the COPSOQ II measurement of workplace social capital as a group construct. The study opens for new insight into how concepts and questions are understood and answered among people coming from different occupations and organizational settings.
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| 5. |
- Berthelsen, Hanne, et al.
(författare)
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Validating the Psychosocial Safety Climate Questionnaire : Integration of Findings from Cognitive Interviews in Germany and Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. - Stockholm : Stockholm University Press. - 2002-2867. ; 4:1, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Work-related stress and stress-related ill health are major concerns in modern Western societies. In the European Union, the joint Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) framework obliges employers to ensure the health and safety of workers in every aspect related to work, including psychological safety and health. Against this background, the aim of the present study was to gain a deeper understanding of the cross-cultural validity of the Psychosocial Safety Climate (PSC) instrument as a measure for organizational and managerial commitment to employee psychological health. By integrating findings from cognitive interview studies conducted in Germany and in Sweden, we found participants considered the focus of PSC on managerial and organizational perspectives as an important contribution to workplace surveys. However, we were also able to identify some challenges (e.g., in relation to translation of key concepts, the intended shift of referent, and the use of the intermediate response options) as difficulties in identifying a homogeneous PSC within an organization was also observed to some extent. We can conclude that integrating findings from cognitive interviews conducted in two European countries expands the existing knowledge of the PSC measure. This is achieved by a deeper understanding of problems that might occur when transferring PSC to a different context. The overall findings of the present study corroborate the cross-cultural validity of transferring the PSC measure from an Australian to a European context, and we consider PSC to be a valid and useful framework for targeting psychosocial risks and organizational procedures in a European setting.
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| 6. |
- Björk, Sofia, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Choosing to Work Part-Time – Combinations of Motives and the Role of Preferences and Constraints.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. - : Stockholm University Press. - 2002-2867. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aims to contribute to the understanding of motives for part-time work and discuss the role of preferences and constraints by studying combinations of motives for part-time work in a case where the scope for preferences is great. The data was derived from a survey of full-time employees in a Swedish municipality who have opted to work part-time with lower salary. Eight groups of part-time workers with different combinations of motives were identified using cluster analysis. Although formally all of these employees were voluntarily working part-time, to a greater or lesser extent the preference for part-time can be understood as an accommodation to constraints for all of the eight clusters. Even though the motives were complex, for many, part-time work was a strategy to cope with a high workload in relation to their own health and capacity.
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| 7. |
- Björk, Sofia, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Choosing to Work Part-Time – Combinations of Motives and the Role of Preferences and Constraints
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. - : Stockholm University Press. - 2002-2867. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aims to contribute to the understanding of motives for part-time work and discuss the role of preferences and constraints by studying combinations of motives for part-time work in a case where the scope for preferences is great. The data was derived from a survey of full-time employees in a Swedish municipality who have opted to work part-time with lower salary. Eight groups of part-time workers with different combinations of motives were identified using cluster analysis. Although formally all of these employees were voluntarily working part-time, to a greater or lesser extent the preference for part-time can be understood as an accommodation to constraints for all of the eight clusters. Even though the motives were complex, for many, part-time work was a strategy to cope with a high workload in relation to their own health and capacity.
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| 8. |
- Bäcklander, Gisela, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Navigating the Activity Based Working Environment – Relationships of Self-Leadership, Autonomy and Information Richness with Cognitive Stress and Performance
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. - Stockholm : Stockholm University Press. - 2002-2867.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Activity Based Working Environment (ABWE) offices, employees are allowed increased autonomy and are expected to choose where, when, with whom, and to some degree with what, to work; in other words, employees are expected to self-lead to a higher degree and to coordinate and align with colleagues. Effects of these expectations on employees’ cognitive stress and performance are understudied. In the present study, Swedish ABWE workers (N = 416) are compared with workers in cell offices (N = 30) and landscape offices (N = 64), and relationships of self-leadership, information richness, and autonomy with cognitive stress and performance were examined using regression analysis. Results show no relationship between office type and outcomes. For cognitive stress, information richness had the largest negative relationship, followed by self-leadership: goal-setting and autonomy. For performance, self-leadership: goal-setting had the largest positive relationship, followed by information richness. This suggests that when organizational situations cannot be strongly structured – for example because the best work process is not known, or innovation or different collaboration constellations are needed – they need instead to be enriched so that employee orientation and coordination do not become too much of a burden on the individual employee, disrupting cognitive functioning and performance.
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| 9. |
- Grill, Martin, 1979
(författare)
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On the Road Again – Using Rule-Oriented and Participative Leadership to Reduce Threats and Violence in the Construction Industry
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. - : Stockholm University Press. - 2002-2867. ; 7:1, s. 1-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Threats and violence are acute safety issues in many industries and effect a large proportion of the Swedish workforce. In the construction industry, more than half of constructions workers redirecting traffic at construction sites are subjected to threats or violence at least once a year. To help construction companies to systematically address and handle health and safety issues in accordance with the Provisions of the Swedish Work Environment Authority on Systematic Work Environment Management, an interventions method named Building Health has been developed by Gyllensten and colleagues. The intervention involved rule-oriented and participative leadership practise and was evaluated through a single case effect study in a middle-sized construction company. The results showed significant reductions in the one-year prevalence of threats of violence (pre-intervention = 35.0%; post-intervention = 19.0%; χ2 = 7.047; p =.008), feelings of being threatened (pre-intervention = 42.7%; post-intervention = 23.8%; χ2 = 9.188; p =.002), and conflicts with third parties (pre-intervention = 48.5%; post-intervention = 30.6%; χ2 = 7.913; p =.005). Combining rule-oriented and participative leadership when helping construction companies to improve their systematic work environment management for efficient handling of health and safety issues can have substantial positive effects on employees’ work environment.
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| 10. |
- Halvari, Anne E.M., et al.
(författare)
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A prospective study of knowledge sharing at work based on self-determination theory
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. - Stockholm : Stockholm University Press. - 2002-2867. ; 6:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge sharing involves the provision or receipt of information, know-how, best practices, lessons learned, and/or feedback about a task, product, and/or procedure in order to develop new skills and competencies at work which can improve individual, group, and/or organizational performances. Based on self-determination theory, the study partners hypothesized that people with more self-determined latent profiles will report more knowledge sharing at work over 18 months than people with less self-determined latent profiles. Participants were 299 dental hygienists who completed a national online survey at baseline and at 18 months. Results of a Latent Profile Analysis revealed that dental hygienists with the most self-determined profile (Profile 2) reported a higher level of knowledge sharing at work at 18 months than dental hygienists in: Profile 1, "the controlled profile, " characterized by perceptions of managerial control and relatively high levels of the control orientation - moderate effect size; Profile 3, "the helpless profile, " characterized by the impersonal orientation and an absence of the autonomy orientation - large effect size; and Profile 4, "the mixed profile, " characterized by both the highest levels of fear of failure and control orientation but also by high levels of autonomy orientation and perceived managerial autonomy support - moderate effect size. Applied implications, particularly around ways to maximize managerial autonomy support and minimize managerial control to promote well-being and performance and reduce ill-being and non-effective functioning, are discussed. © 2021 By Author(s).
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