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- Arirachakaran, P., et al.
(författare)
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Non-oral, aerobic, Gram-negative bacilli in the oral cavity of Thai HIV-positive patients on Highly-active anti-retrovirus therapy medication
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry. - : Wiley. - 2041-1618 .- 2041-1626. ; 10:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study, we identified and evaluated the antibiotic susceptibility of 96 independent, aerobic, Gram-negative bacillus isolates from 255 Thai HIV-positive adults who were on Highly-active anti-retrovirus therapy (HAART) medication. Another 46 isolates from HIV non-HAART individuals, vertically transmitted HIV-positive individuals, and non-HIV controls were included for comparison. A total of 103 strains were tested for antibiotic susceptibility using disc diffusion for screening and E-test for minimal inhibitory concentration determination, with special attention on extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) isolates. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas luteola, Burkholderia cepacia, Aeromonas hydrophila, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter species were the most common bacteria. All strains were resistant against penicillin, amoxicillin, clindamycin, and metronidazole. No ESBL isolates were found.
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- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of oral health-related quality of life in Iranian adolescents : A prospective study.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2041-1618 .- 2041-1626. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: In the present study, we evaluated the direct and mediating (indirect) effects of clinical oral conditions, dental anxiety, sense of coherence (SOC), and socioeconomic variables on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and general health-related quality of life (GHRQoL) in Iranian adolescents.METHODS: A longitudinal design was used with a sample of 1052 (694 males, mean age=15.05 years) schoolchildren from Qazvin, Iran. Each participant completed a background information sheet and the following scales at baseline: Modified Dental Anxiety Scale, SOC, PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scale, and PedsQL Oral Health Scale. The PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core and Oral Health scales were recompleted at the 18-mo follow up.RESULTS: Father's education, monthly family income, dental anxiety, Community Periodontal Index (CPI), decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), and SOC significantly and directly predicted OHRQoL at 18 mo. Father's education had indirect effects on OHRQoL through CPI and DMFT, family income had indirect effects through DMFT, and dental anxiety had indirect effects through CPI. OHRQoL at 18 mo (β=0.499) and SOC (β=0.084) had significant and direct and mediating effects through OHRQoL on GHRQoL, while father's education, monthly family income, dental anxiety, CPI, and DMFT only showed mediating effects.CONCLUSIONS: Clinical oral indicators had direct effects on OHRQoL, but mediated the effects of dental anxiety and socioeconomic status on both OHRQoL and GHRQoL.
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- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(författare)
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Validation of Persian rapid estimate of adult literacy in dentistry
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry. - : Wiley. - 2041-1618 .- 2041-1626. ; 7:2, s. 198-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimThe aim of the present study was to establish the psychometric properties of the Rapid Estimate of adult Literacy in Dentistry-99 (REALD-99) in the Persian language for use in an Iranian population (IREALD-99).MethodsA total of 421 participants with a mean age of 28 years (59% male) were included in the study. Participants included those who were 18 years or older and those residing in Quazvin (a city close to Tehran), Iran. A forward–backward translation process was used for the IREALD-99. The Test of Functional Health Literacy in Dentistry (TOFHLiD) was also administrated. The validity of the IREALD-99 was investigated by comparing the IREALD-99 across the categories of education and income levels. To further investigate, the correlation of IREALD-99 with TOFHLiD was computed. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on the data to assess unidimensionality and strong first factor. The Rasch mathematical model was used to evaluate the contribution of each item to the overall measure, and whether the data were invariant to differences in sex. Reliability was estimated with Cronbach's α and test–retest correlation.ResultsCronbach's alpha for the IREALD-99 was 0.98, indicating strong internal consistency. The test–retest correlation was 0.97. IREALD-99 scores differed by education levels. IREALD-99 scores were positively related to TOFHLiD scores (rh = 0.72, P < 0.01). In addition, IREALD-99 showed positive correlation with self-rated oral health status (rh = 0.31, P < 0.01) as evidence of convergent validity. The PCA indicated a strong first component, five times the strength of the second component and nine times the third. The empirical data were a close fit with the Rasch mathematical model. There was not a significant difference in scores with respect to income level (P = 0.09), and only the very lowest income level was significantly different (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe IREALD-99 exhibited excellent reliability on repeated administrations, as well as internal consistency. The IREALD-99 can be used for the basic screening of oral health literacy among the Iranian population.
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