| 1. |
- Rha, Brian, et al.
(författare)
-
Performance of Surveillance Case Definitions in Detecting Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Among Young Children Hospitalized With Severe Respiratory Illness : South Africa, 2009-2014
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society. - : Oxford University Press. - 2048-7193 .- 2048-7207. ; 8:4, s. 325-333
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) in young children, but data on surveillance case definition performance in estimating burdens have been limited.Methods: We enrolled children aged <5 years hospitalized for ALRTI (or neonatal sepsis in young infants) through active prospective surveillance at 5 sentinel hospitals in South Africa and collected nasopharyngeal aspirates from them for RSV molecular diagnostic testing between 2009 and 2014. Clinical data were used to characterize RSV disease and retrospectively evaluate the performance of respiratory illness case definitions (including the World Health Organization definition for severe acute respiratory infection [SARI]) in identifying hospitalized children with laboratory-confirmed RSV according to age group (<3, 3-5, 6-11, 12-23, and 24-59 months).Results: Of 9969 hospitalized children, 2723 (27%) tested positive for RSV. Signs and symptoms in RSV-positive children varied according to age; fever was less likely to occur in children aged <3 months (57%; odds ratio [OR], 0.8 [95% CI, 0.7-0.9]) but more likely in those aged >= 12 months (82%; OR, 1.7-1.9) than RSV-negative children. The sensitivity (range, 55%-81%) and specificity (range, 27%-54%) of the SARI case definition to identify hospitalized RSV-positive children varied according to age; the lowest sensitivity was for infants aged <6 months. Using SARI as the case definition would have missed 36% of RSV-positive children aged <5 years and 49% of those aged <3 months; removing the fever requirement from the definition recovered most missed cases.Conclusion: Including fever in the SARI case definition lowers the sensitivity for RSV case detection among young children hospitalized with an ALRTI and likely underestimates its burden.
|
|
| 2. |
- Vesikari, Timo, et al.
(författare)
-
Meningococcal Serogroup B Bivalent rLP2086 Vaccine Elicits Broad and Robust Serum Bactericidal Responses in Healthy Adolescents.
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2048-7207 .- 2048-7193.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (MnB) is a leading cause of invasive meningococcal disease in adolescents and young adults. A recombinant factor H binding protein (fHBP) vaccine (Trumenba(®); bivalent rLP2086) was recently approved in the United States in individuals aged 10-25 years. Immunogenicity and safety of 2- or 3-dose schedules of bivalent rLP2086 were assessed in adolescents.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Coleman, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
-
Upper Respiratory Microbiota in Relation to Ear and Nose Health Among Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society. - : Oxford University Press. - 2048-7207. ; 10:4, s. 468-476
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We explored the nasal microbiota in Indigenous Australian children in relation to ear and nasal health.METHODS: In total, 103 Indigenous Australian children aged 2-7 years (mean 4.7 years) were recruited from 2 Queensland communities. Children's ears, nose, and throats were examined and upper respiratory tract (URT) swabs collected. Clinical histories were obtained from parents/medical records. URT microbiota were characterized using culturomics with Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) identification. Real-time PCR was used to quantify otopathogen (Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Moraxella catarrhalis) loads and detect respiratory viruses. Data were analyzed using beta diversity measures, regression modeling, and a correlation network analysis.RESULTS: Children with historical/current otitis media (OM) or URT infection (URTI) had higher nasal otopathogen detection and loads and rhinovirus detection compared with healthy children (all P < .04). Children with purulent rhinorrhea had higher nasal otopathogen detection and loads and rhinovirus detection (P < .04) compared with healthy children. High otopathogen loads were correlated in children with historical/current OM or URTI, whereas Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum and Dolosigranulum pigrum were correlated in healthy children.CONCLUSIONS: Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum and D. pigrum are associated with URT and ear health. The importance of the main otopathogens in URT disease/OM was confirmed, and their role relates to co-colonization and high otopathogens loads.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
