| 1. |
- Anders, SM, et al.
(författare)
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Visualization of the renal artery in kidney transplant patients using time-resolved computed tomography angiography
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta radiologica open. - : SAGE Publications. - 2058-4601. ; 10:9, s. 20584601211046334-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) is a post-operative complication which most often occurs between 3 months and 2 years after transplantation. TRAS is associated with kidney failure and hypertension and, thereby, with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Purpose The purpose of this retrospective study was to report our experience of perfusion computed tomography angiography (P-CTA) to identify a 50% lumen reduction (as compared to digital subtraction angiography, DSA), assess its subjective image quality and evaluate if contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) occurred. Material and Methods All 13 patients who had undergone P-CTA for suspected TRAS at our institution were retrospectively evaluated. At P-CTA, eight or 12 g of iodine were administered intravenously, and five to seven scan sequences were merged into time-resolved images after motion correction. Eight patients underwent subsequent DSA. Results The average patient weight was 76 kg (range 55–97 kg). Image quality was rated as good or excellent for all patients, and pathological changes were shown in 10 of 13 patients undergoing P-CTA. Two patients had a serum creatinine increase of >26 μmol/L during the first 3 days, but serum creatinine was significantly lower in all patients 1 month after P-CTA (165+/−69 μmol/L versus 232+/−66 μmol/L, P < .01). The diagnosis at P-CTA was verified in all eight patients who underwent DSA. However, in two cases with suspected stenosis, renal function was restored without angioplasty. Conclusion Anatomy and blood flow of the transplant renal artery can be visualized using less than a third of the standard contrast media dose by using P-CTA technique.
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| 2. |
- Asztely, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Is ultrasonography useful for population studies on schistosomiasis mansoni? An evaluation based on a survey on a population from Kome Island, Tanzania
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica Open. - : SAGE Publications. - 2058-4601. ; 5:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundObservation of characteristic alterations at liver ultrasonography in clinical schistosomiasis mansoni cases has initiated utilization of this examination method in population surveys in areas where this disease is endemic.PurposeTo present results of liver ultrasonography and their relation to epidemiological data of a population in an area endemic for S. mansoni, to estimate the precision of classification of periportal anatomy changes known as periportal fibrosis (PPF), and to evaluate the relevance of ultrasonography in epidemiological studies on S. mansoni.Material and MethodsA total of 459 inhabitants on Kome Island, Lake Victoria, Tanzania were examined by ultrasound with image documentation by locally trained personnel. A subsample of this population, 116 individuals, was subject to ultrasonography by two examiners independently. Separately, the images were classified for PPF according to the Managil protocol, twice for the subsample.ResultsPPF could be classified for 458 individuals; 64% and 36% were classified as I or II, respectively; none was classified as 0; only one as III. Results were similar for the subsample examined twice. Comparing the two separate classifications of all 232 sets of images of the subsample gave a Kappa (K) value of 0.50. When comparing the classifications of each of the two different examinations of the same individuals of the subsample, K values of 0.29 and 0.34 for the first and second classification, respectively, were obtained.ConclusionUltrasonography does not appear to correlate well with disease stage. Presently, it should not be utilized for staging of schistosoma mansoni-related liver damage in population surveys.
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| 3. |
- Bense, László, et al.
(författare)
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Pulmonary gas conducting interstitial pathway.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica Open. - : SAGE Publications. - 2058-4601. ; 4:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In spite of the growing efforts oriented towards revealing different aspects of emphysema, the persistence of the emphysematous or emphysema-like changes (ELCs) is not explored yet in the open literature. In this study we demonstrate the persistence of an ELC for 22 years in a spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) patient which indicates a hitherto unknown gas supply to the ELC. For this purpose we used high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images processed into three-dimensional (3D) geometry. By the same token, not only a long persistence but also the volume increase of this ELC between 2002 and 2010 was demonstrated. The 3D geometry visualized an aerated interstitial structure between the sites of supposed gas leakage at the wall of the third generation airways and the ELC. This potential gas conducting interstitial pathway is not a continuation and has neither the form nor the structure of a bronchus. The finding suggests that in this patient the intrabronchial gas passes through the bronchial wall and via a gas conducting interstitial pathway reaches the ELC. Despite the availability of the presently employed techniques for at least 15 years, such case and phenomenon have not been described previously. The retrieval of the patient suggests that the findings could be relevant for a considerable proportion of the population.
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| 4. |
- Björkman, Ann-Sofi, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Mobile learning device increased study efficiency for radiology residents but with risk of temporary novelty effect
- 2019
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica Open. - : Sage Publications. - 2058-4601. ; 8:11, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Digital resources in learning are increasingly available and offer new possibilities in education. Mobile learning devices (MLD) such as tablets provide easy and flexible access for users.Purpose: To investigate whether the introduction of MLDs in radiology education affected time spent on studies over a longer time frame and whether learning behavior and attitudes changed.Material and Methods: The radiology residents employed during 2015–2016 were invited to participate in this 12-month MLD intervention study. Results were evaluated using online questionnaires at six months (6 m) and 12 months (12 m).Results: Thirty-one residents were included, of whom half were in the early stages of residency (<2 years). After the MLD introduction, most participants (91% [6 m] and 83% [12 m]) estimated increased time spent on studies. Of these, 32% stated “a lot more” at 6 m but only 8% at 12 m (P ¼ 0.12). The MLDs showed positive effects on the experience of radiology studies, as a majority of participants stated better quality and effectiveness in their studies (100% [6 m]–92% [12 m]), that MLD facilitated access to educational materials to a high degree (83% [6 m]–75% [12 m]), and that studies had become better and more fun (96% [6 m]–100% [12 m]).Conclusion: The use of MLDs seems to facilitate learning effectively for radiologic residents. However, a larger scale study is required as a trend of decreasing figures in the longer term was seen, but our results did not show a significant reduction of time spent on radiology studies.
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| 5. |
- Björkman, Ann-Sofi, et al.
(författare)
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Sensitivity of DECT in ACL tears. A prospective study with arthroscopy as reference method
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica Open. - : Sage Publications. - 2058-4601. ; 11:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: CT is often used for fracture evaluation following knee trauma and to diagnose ACL injuries would also be valuable. Purpose: To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of dual energy CT (DECT) for detection of ACL tears in acute and subacute knee injuries. Material and Methods: Patients with suspected ACL injury were imaged with DECT and MRI. Clinically blinded DECT images were independently read twice by two radiologists. ACL was classified as normal or abnormal. Arthroscopy served as reference method. Sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) were calculated, and diagnostic performance between DECT and MRI was assessed. Results: 48 patients (26 M, 22 F, mean age 23 years, range 15-37 years) were imaged with a mean of 25 days following trauma. Of these, 21 patients underwent arthroscopy with a mean of 195 days after trauma. Arthroscopy revealed 19 ACL tears and 2 ACLs with no tear. The combined sensitivity was 76.3% (95% CI 66.8-85.9) and 86.8 (95% CI 71.9-95.6) for DECT and MRI, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between these two methods (p = .223). The positive predictive value (PPV) was 93.5 (95% CI 84.3-98.2) and 91.7 (95% CI 77.5-98.3) for DECT and MRI, respectively. Conclusion: DECT has lower sensitivity to detect an ACL rupture than MRI, but the difference is not statistically significant. The PPV is high in both methods.
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| 6. |
- Bohlin, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Longer colonic transit time is associated with laxative and drug use, Lifestyle factors and symptoms of constipation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica Open. - : SAGE Publications. - 2058-4601. ; 7:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Gastrointestinal symptoms and changes in colonic transit time (CTT) are common in the population. Purpose To evaluate consecutive patients who had been examined for CTT, along with completion of a diary about laxative and drug use, lifestyle factors, and gastrointestinal symptoms, to identify possible associations with longer or prolonged CTT. Material and Methods A total of 610 consecutive patients had undergone the radiopaque marker method with an abdominal X-ray for clinical purposes. The patients had completed a diary regarding medical treatment, lifestyle factors, stool habits, and their perceived constipation and abdominal pain during the examination period. The associations between CTT and laxative use, lifestyle factors, stool habits, and symptoms were calculated by logistic regression. Results Women had longer CTT (2.5 [1.6–3.9] vs. 1.7 [1.1–3.0] days, P < 0.001), lower weekly stool frequency (6 [3–10] vs. 8 [5–12], P = 0.001), and perceived more constipation (P = 0.025) and abdominal pain (P = 0.001) than men. High coffee consumption (P = 0.045), bulk-forming (P = 0.007) and osmotic (P = 0.001) laxatives, and lower stool frequency, shaped stool, and perceived constipation (P for trend < 0.001) were associated with longer CTT. In total, 382 patients (63%) were treated with drugs affecting motility. In the 228 patients without drug treatment, longer CTT was associated with female sex and smoking, and lower frequency of symptoms and prolonged CTT were observed compared to patients using drugs. Tea, alcohol, and abdominal pain did not associate with CTT. Conclusions Female sex, coffee, smoking, drug use, infrequent stools, shaped stool, and perception of constipation are associated with longer or prolonged CTT.
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| 7. |
- Bozovic, Gracijela, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of donor chest radiography on clinical outcome after lung transplantation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica Open. - : SAGE Publications. - 2058-4601. ; 7:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundOrgan donation guidelines recommend a “clear” conventional bedside chest radiograph before lung transplantation despite only moderate accuracy for cardiopulmonary abnormalities.PurposeTo evaluate the influence of donor image interpretation on lung transplantation outcome in recipients by following early and late complications, one-year survival, and to correlate imaging findings and blood gas analysis with lung transplantation outcome in recipients.Material and MethodsIn 35 lung donors from a single institution clinical reports and study reviews of imaging findings of the mandatory bedside chest radiographs and blood gas analyses were compared with clinical outcome in 38 recipients. Hospitalization time, peri- and postoperative complications, early complications (primary graft dysfunction, infection), 30-day and one-year survival, and forced expiratory volume in 1 s percentage of predicted normal value (FEV1%) at one-year follow-up were analyzed.ResultsFindings in clinical reports and study reviews differed substantially, e.g. regarding reported decompensation, edema, infection, and atelectasis. No correlation was shown between imaging findings in clinical report or study review and blood gas analyses in the lung donors compared to postoperative outcome in recipients.ConclusionThe interpretation of the mandatory chest radiograph in its present form does not influence one-year outcome in lung transplantation. Larger imaging studies or a change in clinical routine including computed tomography may provide evidence for future guidelines.
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| 8. |
- Cederlund, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetic resonance imaging in the second trimester as a complement to ultrasound for diagnosis of fetal anomalies
- 2024
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica Open. - : Sage Publications. - 2058-4601. ; 13:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundFetal ultrasound has limitations, especially if the patient is obese or in cases with oligohydramnios. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can then be used as a complement, but only few studies have focused on examinations in the second trimester.PurposeTo validate MRI as a complement to diagnose fetal anomalies in the second trimester.Material and MethodsThis retrospective study retrieved data from January 2008 to July 2012 from the Fetal Medicine Unit and Department of Radiology at Uppsala University Hospital. Ultrasound and MRI findings were reviewed in 121 fetuses in relation to the final diagnosis, including postpartum follow-up and autopsy results.ResultsOf the 121 fetuses, 51 (42%) had a CNS anomaly and 70 (58%) a non-CNS anomaly diagnosed or suspected. MRI provided additional information in 21% of all cases without changing the management and revealed information that changed the management of the pregnancy in 13%. When a CNS anomaly was detected or suspected, the MRI provided additional information in 22% and changed the management in 10%. The corresponding figures for non-CNS cases were 21% and 16%, respectively. The proportion of cases with additional information that changed the management was especially high in patients with a BMI >30 kg/m2 (25%) and in patients with oligohydramnios (38%). In five cases in category III, false-positive ultrasound findings were identified.ConclusionsMRI in the second trimester complements ultrasound and improves diagnosis of fetal CNS- and non-CNS anomalies especially when oligohydramnios or maternal obesity is present.
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| 9. |
- Christensen, RH, et al.
(författare)
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Renal volumetry with magnetic resonance imaging
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta radiologica open. - : SAGE Publications. - 2058-4601. ; 6:9, s. 2058460117731120-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- No gold standard exists for renal volumetry in vivo. Purpose To devise and evaluate segmentation methods on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) datasets. Material and Methods Five combinations of MRI pulse sequences and measuring methods were used to measure the renal volumes of five men aged 54–72 years scanned before autologous renal stem cell transplantation and three, six, and 12 months post transplantation. Results Renal volume did not change after stem cell transplantation. The results varied considerably: the reproducibility (coefficient of variation) was 4.0–6.0% and measurements took 1–13 min per kidney. Manual segmentation of images from the volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) without fat saturation sequence provided best reproducibility but was time-consuming. Use of the ellipsoid formula from half Fourier acquisition single shot turbo spin echo (HASTE) provided the fastest measurement, but resulted in lower reproducibility. Conclusion Renal volumetry based on images from the pulse sequence VIBE without fat saturation acquired using an out-of-phase TE may be investigated further, possibly in combination with the quick ellipsoid formula.
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| 10. |
- Correia de Verdier, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetic resonance imaging detected radiation-induced changes in patients with proton radiation-treated arteriovenous malformations
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica Open. - : Sage Publications. - 2058-4601. ; 10:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundTreatment of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) includes surgery, radiation therapy, endovascular occlusion, or a combination. Proton radiation therapy enables very focused radiation, minimizing dose to the surrounding brain.PurposeTo evaluate the presence of radiation-induced changes on post-treatment MRI in patients with AVMs treated with proton radiation and to compare these with development of symptoms and nidus obliteration.Material and MethodsRetrospective review of pre- and post-treatment digital subtraction angiography and MRI and medical records in 30 patients with AVMs treated with proton radiation. Patients were treated with two or five fractions; total radiation dose was 20–35 physical Gy. Vasogenic edema (minimal, perinidal, or severe), contrast enhancement (minimal or annular), cavitation and nidus obliteration (total, partial, or none) were assessed.Results26 of 30 patients (87%) developed MRI changes. Vasogenic edema was seen in 25 of 30 (83%), abnormal contrast enhancement in 18 of 26 (69%) and cavitation in 5 of 30 (17%). Time from treatment to appearance of MRI changes varied between 5 and 25 months (median 7, mean 10). Seven patients developed new or deteriorating symptoms that required treatment with corticosteroids; all these patients had extensive MRI changes (severe vasogenic edema and annular contrast enhancement). Not all patients with extensive MRI changes developed symptoms. We found no relation between MRI changes and nidus obliteration.ConclusionRadiation-induced MRI changes are seen in a majority of patients after proton radiation treatment of AVMs. Extensive MRI changes are associated with new or deteriorating symptoms.
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