| 1. |
- Berglund, M., et al.
(författare)
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On Human Terms – A First Evaluation of a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) in Ergonomics
- 2019
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Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5365 .- 2194-5357. - 9783319960791 ; 821, s. 530-538
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) ‘Work and Technology on Human Terms’ (www.onhumanterms.org ) was launched in July 2017 with the aim to contribute to safer and healthier workplaces by increasing the knowledge about how products, systems, and work organizations can be designed on human terms. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a first evaluation of the MOOC. The online course was used in four different university courses in Ergonomics in Sweden, two given at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg and two given at Linköping University. The MOOC material was used in different ways in the courses: (1) suggested voluntary, alternative material for the students’ self-studies, (2) scheduled activity for self-studies with appointed chapters, and (3) mandatory, selected course material being discussed in follow-up seminars. Data for the evaluation was collected through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with students and teachers. The results showed that the MOOC served as a repetition of lectured material and gave increased understanding of the theories. The recorded interviews with practitioners and researchers in the MOOC highlighted the importance of the subject in real working life. The knowledge tests were appreciated as rehearsal of understanding. However, the MOOC in parallel with the other course material was also considered to be too much work by some students. A recommendation is to carefully consider how to use and integrate the MOOC as a meaningful, individual, theoretical learning activity for the students. Thereby the lectures in classroom could focus more on discussions and problem-solving regarding the topics and less on basic theory.
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| 2. |
- Osvalder, Anna-Lisa, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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On Human Terms – Integration of a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) in Ergonomics in University Courses
- 2019
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Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5365 .- 2194-5357. - 9783319960791 ; 821, s. 595-601
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) ‘Work and Technology on Human Terms’ was to be a modern, highly accessible study material in Ergonomics/Work science to contribute to safer and healthier workplaces. The course targets engineering students, but also students in economics, human relations, physiotherapy, occupational health, as well as professionals. The purpose of this paper is to describe the course and how it has been integrated in six Swedish university courses dealing with various ergonomic issues, and reviewing how the lecturers and students experienced the outcome. The MOOC covers the subjects: Human-Technology-System, Psychosocial and organisational environment, Physical environment, Information and interaction in technical systems, Methods/design processes, and Economic/legal conditions. Theory and models are presented in in photos, illustrations, animations, documentary clips, expert interviews etc. It contains four workplace cases, knowledge tests and a textbook. The course material was integrated in three ways; as voluntary, alternative material for the students’ self-studies, as a scheduled activity for self-studies with appointed chapters, and as compulsory, selected course material discussed in seminars. The type of integration that is most beneficial depends on the content and organization of the course and type of students. It opens up the possibility for flexible and blended learning based on the student’s individual conditions. It also saves lecturer time by excluding some traditional theoretical lectures in favor for supervised discussions, problem-solving in workshops, and practical projects.
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| 3. |
- Österman, Cecilia, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Conceptual and Practical Strategy Work to Promote Ergonomics/Human Factors in Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5365 .- 2194-5357. - 9783319960791 ; 821, s. 320-329
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes the results of the conceptual and practical strategy work performed by the Swedish Ergonomics and Human Factors Society (EHSS) today. The rationale of EHSS is to strengthen the quality of ergonomics/human factors knowledge and practice in Sweden and form a multidisciplinary platform across disciplines and professions for collaboration and for knowledge sharing. EHSS gathers about 350 members, representing different occupations in industry, academia and the public sector. Together, EHSS members hold knowledge and experience in physical, cognitive and organizational ergonomics and its application in working life and society. The overall aim of this paper is to inspire related societies and stakeholders to initiate discussions about strategies and future projects that allow for collaboration and knowledge sharing. Proposedly follow the EHSS model where we have formed a multidisciplinary platform for collaboration across disciplines and professions. The activities initiated and supported by EHSS are one step towards broadening the knowledge and application of HFE in Sweden, and to comprise new arenas of specialization. By participating in the key areas in society such as teaching, standardization, product development and occupational safety and health, the work of EHSS is one piece of the puzzle to improve human activities in the future. The vision is that together, we can improve safety, efficiency and well-being for all.
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| 4. |
- Leth, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Enablers and Barriers for Implementing Crisis Preparedness on Local and Regional Levels in Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018) - Volume IV : Organizational Design and Management ODAM, Professional Affairs, Forensic - Organizational Design and Management ODAM, Professional Affairs, Forensic. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5357. - 9783319960791 ; 821, s. 406-412
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Crisis preparedness planning work can be characterized as complex and challenging being performed in large public organizations requiring communication and cooperation with many people. This paper reports on a bottom-up study investigating the pre-requisites for efficient crisis preparedness work, as well as motivational factors for implementing crisis preparedness decisions, which might be studied and understood in terms of sense-making, communication, and cooperation. As focus was on the crisis preparedness planners’ need to understand their roles, assignments, and authorities in the crisis preparedness planning process, ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with local and regional crisis preparedness planners at a county council in southern Sweden. Enablers and barriers for implementing crisis preparedness were identified and concerned area such as: assuming the role of expert in crisis preparedness planning in one’s organization and understanding what crisis preparedness is about in relation to the organization’s core tasks; power and attaining enough mandate to be able to perform one’s designated work by, e.g. seeking and finding different networks, stakeholders and partners that can legitimate the planner’s work and enable trust and action; communicating demands and benefits of the planners’ tasks realizing that members and working areas in the organization have different needs, cultures, and use different languages; and managing and delivering risk analysis information from the local to the regional level. For a attaining a comprehensive view of enablers and barriers in the crisis preparedness planning processes and implementation, an organizational top-down perspective will also be needed.
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| 5. |
- Almeida Costa, Nicole, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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A case study of user adherence and software project performance barriers from a sociotechnical viewpoint
- 2019
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Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5365 .- 2194-5357. ; 787, s. 12-23
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A marine propeller company and a technical university collaborated to optimize the company’s existing propeller design software. This paper reviews the project based on a sociotechnical perspective to organizational change on (a) how the university-company project and user involvement were organized, and (b) what the main management barriers were and why they may have occurred. Fieldwork included interviews and observations with university and company stakeholders over thirteen months. The data was analyzed and sorted into themes describing the barriers, such as lack of a planned strategy for deliverables or resource use in the project; the users exhibited low adherence towards the optimized software, as well as there was limited time and training allocated for them to test it. Lessons learned suggest clarifying stakeholder roles and contributions, and engaging the users earlier and beyond testing the software for malfunctions to enhance knowledge mobilization, involve them in the change and increase acceptance.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Sofie, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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All Doors Lead to the Kitchen – Sustainability and Wellbeing Challenges in a Shared Centrepiece of Living
- 2019
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Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5365 .- 2194-5357. ; 876, s. 111-116
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The kitchen figures a central place in the home where a significant share of a household’s resource consumption takes place. Sharing the kitchen between multiple households has potential to bring positive sustainability effects due to more efficient use of both material resources and energy. The concept of shared kitchens has, however, thus far had a limited diffusion. This paper explores the potential of shared kitchens as a future sustainable living environment by studying user experiences from a Living Lab setting. It builds the base for an overarching larger European collaboration on how future shared kitchens should be designed in order to support everyday practices while optimising the conditions for achieving positive impact on both sustainability and wellbeing. Findings are presented from five focus areas concerning different use contexts: (1) accessing, (2) cooking, (3) living and socialising, (4) storing, and (5) cleaning.
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| 7. |
- Aremyr, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Anthropomorphism: an investigation of its effect on trust in human-machine interfaces for highly automated vehicles
- 2019
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Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5365 .- 2194-5357. ; 823, s. 343-352
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trust has been identified as a major factor in relation to user acceptance of Highly Automated Vehicles (HAV). A positive correlation has been suggested between increased trust and the use of anthropomorphic features in interfaces. However, more research is necessary to establish whether this is true in an HAV context. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate how trust in HAVs is influenced by HMI design with different degrees of anthropomorphism: baseline, caricature, and human. Ten subjects participated in an in-vehicle trial to test the designs. The results showed no significant difference in levels of trust between conditions. Instead, it was found that anthropomorphism may affect user acceptance indirectly through its effect on perceived ease of use and usefulness. The findings imply that designers must be cautious when using anthropomorphism and consider adaptability and customisability to incorporate new and diverse user needs associated with the use of HAV.
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| 8. |
- Aromaa, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Digital Tools to Support Knowledge Sharing and Cooperation in High-Investment Product-Services
- 2017
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Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5365 .- 2194-5357. ; 606:Advances in Ergonomics of Manufacturing: Managing the Enterprise of the Future, s. 235-246
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The manufacturing industry needs to adapt their product-services to meet customer requirements in today’s rapidly changing markets. This paper presents how technologies can support knowledge sharing and collaboration during product-service processes. This work was part of the European Union Use-it-Wisely project and summaries demonstration results from the project. Six cluster cases from different industry sectors (energy, machinery, space, office workplace, vehicles, and shipbuilding) were developing their tools and processes during the project. Based on the demonstration evaluations, it seems that the Use-it-Wisely project has enabled companies to improve their product-services by using interactive collaborative environments and new business models. Participants that took part in the demonstrations felt that the new approach makes users’ work easier, provides competitive advantage, facilitates knowledge sharing and decision making, extends the efficient lifecycle of existing machinery and supports sustainable development.
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| 9. |
- Aylward, Katie A, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Preventing Unruly Technologies in Maritime Navigation: A Systems Approach
- 2020
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Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5365 .- 2194-5357. ; 1212 AISC, s. 421-428
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rapid development of artificial intelligence, big data, and automation have the potential to transform the maritime industry. While change is inevitable, automated solutions do not guarantee navigational safety, efficiency or improved seaway traffic management. This paper describes lessons learned throughout the Sea Traffic Management (STM) Validation project. The STM project tested low-level automation functions intended to enhance navigational safety and efficiency. The results indicate that although the additional information was useful, there may be a disruption in current working practices, and potential gaps in the existing regulatory framework, and training and skill development of future mariners. The aim of this paper is to argue for a systems approach to better understand and prevent technologies from becoming “unruly” in the maritime context. This approach will consider how the technologies impact various system elements to support a more safe and sustainable shipping industry.
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| 10. |
- Bagheri, Elahe, et al.
(författare)
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A Novel Model for Emotion Detection from Facial Muscles Activity
- 2020
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Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5365 .- 2194-5357. ; 1093 AISC, s. 237-249
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Considering human’s emotion in different applications and systems has received substantial attention over the last three decades. The traditional approach for emotion detection is to first extract different features and then apply a classifier, like SVM, to find the true class. However, recently proposed Deep Learning based models outperform traditional machine learning approaches without requirement of a separate feature extraction phase. This paper proposes a novel deep learning based facial emotion detection model, which uses facial muscles activities as raw input to recognize the type of the expressed emotion in the real time. To this end, we first use OpenFace to extract the activation values of the facial muscles, which are then presented to a Stacked Auto Encoder (SAE) as feature set. Afterward, the SAE returns the best combination of muscles in describing a particular emotion, these extracted features at the end are applied to a Softmax layer in order to fulfill multi classification task. The proposed model has been applied to the CK+, MMI and RADVESS datasets and achieved respectively average accuracies of 95.63%, 95.58%, and 84.91% for emotion type detection in six classes, which outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms.
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