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- Chisari, Claudia, et al.
(författare)
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Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for women living with Vulvodynia : A single-case experimental design study of a treatment delivered online
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 23, s. 15-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Vulvodynia is a condition characterised by persistent vulval pain and includes particular impacts on sexual and emotional functioning. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has been successfully applied in persistent pain but has not been tested in this population. This single-case experimental design (SCED) study aimed to evaluate whether an online ACT programme improves clinical outcomes in women with Vulvodynia. We also evaluated whether the intervention led to changes in hypothesised processes of therapeutic change.Methods: This study applied a nonconcurrent multiple baseline SCED method to assess ACT in women with Vulvodynia. During baseline and treatment phases, participants completed daily self-report outcomes of pain severity and interference, sexual functioning and satisfaction, depression, and hypothesised process-variables: pain-acceptance, present-moment-awareness, committed-action, perceived injustice, and body-exposure anxiety during sexual activities. Full-length assessments of these variables were also completed before and after treatment. The intervention comprised a six-week online ACT programme, combined with a Vulvodynia-specific manual. Visual and statistical analyses were conducted.Results: Seven participants, mostly with mixed Vulvodynia, provided baseline and treatment phase data, and completed the intervention and diaries. Based on the visual inspection, and Tau and Tau-U values as effect sizes from the daily data, all participants showed moderate size improvements in two or more outcomes. However, participants had highly individual treatment effects. Limited improvement was found in depression. Pain acceptance, committed-action, and perceived injustice also demonstrated change for some participants.Discussion: The results suggest online ACT may improve pain and sexual outcomes for some women with Vulvodynia. Pain-acceptance, committed-action, and perceived injustice are highlighted as potential processes of change for some participants. In general, responses to treatment appear highly individual. Further application of the SCED approach to ACT for Vulvodynia is recommended.
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- Davey, Amanda, et al.
(författare)
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Psychological flexibility, self-compassion and daily functioning in chronic pain
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-1447. ; 17, s. 79-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psychological flexibility (PF) and self-compassion (SC) are both associated with positive outcomes for people living with chronic pain. Despite conceptual similarities they have mostly been studied independently. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between PF and SC, and investigate their roles in relation to pain interference, work and social adjustment, and depressive symptoms. 420 participants attending a speciality chronic pain service completed the Self-Compassion Scale Short Form along with measures of PF, pain, interference, functioning, and depression, prior to starting treatment. PF and SC variables were significantly correlated (r = 0.38 to 0.56) and demonstrated a degree of independence. Multiple regression models for all three pain outcomes explained 44% of the variance in pain interference, 36% in work and social adjustment, and 32% in depression. SC accounted for significant unique variance in each of the pain outcomes, however this was no longer significant when PF variables were added to the model for pain interference and work and social adjustment. In conclusion, PF and SC appear to include mostly related and some distinct elements in the context of chronic pain. PF processes may encompass the effects of SC on pain interference and work and social adjustment. However, SC appears to play an independent role in depression. Given the high comorbidity of depression, it may be beneficial to further study the potential for SC-based processes and methods to improve overall wellbeing for people with chronic pain.
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- Fogelkvist, Maria, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Live with your body - participants' reflections on an acceptance and commitment therapy group intervention for patients with residual eating disorder symptoms
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 20, s. 184-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is a transdiagnostic approach to human suffering that has been trialed in a range of different contexts. This study aimed to examine participants' view of helpful and hindering aspects of an in person ACT group intervention targeting body image in patients with residual eating disorder (ED) symptoms. Thirteen women who completed the intervention were interviewed, and transcripts were analyzed through thematic analysis. Nine themes were identified and sorted into three main themes. The first main theme, "Taking the plunge", pointed to the importance of participants own effort, and included subthemes of self-efficacy, self as description, and self-exploration. The second main theme, "A push towards valued ends", indicated that content of the intervention was helpful, and included subthemes of commitment and behavioral change processes, mindfulness and acceptance processes, and assignments in and between sessions. The third main theme, "The context matters", described the importance of the contexts of the intervention and life outside of treatment, and included subthemes of the group format, the context outside of treatment, and the timing of the intervention. Through the description of specific content, we conclude that ACT seems to help women with residual ED symptoms and body image issues by fostering motivation to engage in avoided situations and behaviors while striving to live a more valued life.
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- Gentili, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring psychological flexibility as in-treatment behaviour during internet-delivered acceptance and commitment therapy for paediatric chronic pain : Occurrence and relation to outcome
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acceptance and Commitment Therapy has gained preliminary evidence for paediatric chronic pain. Several studies show that psychological flexibility/inflexibility is a process driving treatment change in ACT for chronic pain. The literature supporting psychological flexibility as a change process in ACT is typically based on selfreport. The aim of the present study was to investigate psychological flexibility (i.e. acceptance, defusion, values formulation and committed action) as in-treatment behaviour during internet-delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for paediatric chronic pain, by having two independent observers rating patient written statements. The sample was self-recruited and consisted of 28 girls between ages 13 and 17 years. Results showed that psychological flexibility could be operationalised as in-treatment behaviours and reliably assessed using observer ratings. Also, data illustrated a within subject variability in ratings of acceptance and defusion, with a considerable difference in degree of acceptance or defusion evoked by different experiential exercises. Furthermore, analyses showed that a higher average degree of acceptance in patient statements during the early phase of treatment was related to larger treatment effects. Defusion, values formulation and committed action showed no significant influence on outcome. Results should be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size.
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- Hayes, Steven C., et al.
(författare)
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Report of the ACBS Task Force on the strategies and tactics of contextual behavioral science research
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier. - 2212-1447. ; 20, s. 172-183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Throughout its history the strategy and tactics of contextual behavioral science (CBS) research have had distinctive features as compared to traditional behavioral science approaches. Continued progress in CBS research can be facilitated by greater clarity about how its strategy and tactics can be brought to bear on current challenges. The present white paper is the result of a 2 1/2-year long process designed to foster consensus among representative producers and consumers of CBS research about the best strategic pathway forward. The Task Force agreed that CBS research should be multilevel, process-based, multidimensional, prosocial, and pragmatic, and provided 33 recommendations to the CBS community arranged across these characteristics. In effect, this report provides a detailed research agenda designed to maximize the impact of CBS as a field. Scientists and practitioners are encouraged to mount this ambitious agenda.
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- Holmberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating the psychometric characteristics of the Work-related Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (WAAQ) in a sample of healthcare professionals
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-1447. ; 14, s. 103-107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Work-related Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (WAAQ) has been developed to assess psychological flexibility in occupational settings. The aim of this study was to evaluate reliability and validity of the Swedish translation of WAAQ in a sample of 184 healthcare professionals. A principal component analysis supported a one-factor-solution, explaining 53.8% of the overall multivariate variability. WAAQ showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.85) and good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.85). Validity was assessed by analysing the relationship between WAAQ and other work-related constructs. Spearman's rank correlations illustrated a significant negative relationship between WAAQ and perceived stress and a significant positive correlation with work engagement. Results from the study are consistent with previous studies on WAAQ, supporting the use of the Swedish translation of the instrument among healthcare professionals.
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